英语名词性从句自主学习导学案

英语名词性从句自主学习导学案【学习目标】1.扎实掌握英语名词性从句，提升自己的理解力。2.自主学习，合作探究；学会分析与总结的方法，并能学以致用。3.激情投入，疯狂记忆，体验学习的快乐。【使用说明及学法指导】1.老师引领学生积极动脑思考，结合所学知识自主构建关于英语名词性从句知识体系。2.探究总结疑难点并学以致用。第一课时【知识体系构建】I.五大句型已经学过了。仔细观察以下例句，找出名词可以充当的成分。1.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语Wallshaveears.2.主语+谓语(不及物动词)Theflowersareblooming.3.主语+系动词+表语MissJonesisasecretary.4.主语+谓语+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)Themotherwillbuythegirladress.5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语Thefather,John,considersthechildagenius.【自我梳理】找出名词可以充当的成分通过对五大句型的分析得出：名词可以用来充当______________________同样的道理，可以把句子中的名词换成一个小句子。请同学们分析以下句子划线部分充当的成分。1.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.2.Whatitwastobecomewasamysteryuntilthedustbegantoslowlycombineintoaballmovingaroundthesun.3.MayIaskwhatyouweredoinginmyrestaurantyesterday?4.Iwantedtoknowwhereallmycustomershadgoneyesterday.5.Thisishowtheearthbegantoshowitsspecialqualities.6.That’swhywe’vegivenyoutheletter.7.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.8.Ihavenoideahowsoontheyarecoming.名词性从句的划分要根据从句在句中充当的成分来确定如果这个小句子充当了句子的主语，那么这个小句子叫__________。同样的道理，充当了宾语叫__________，充当了表语叫_____________，充当了同位语叫___________。引导名词性从句必须要有一个______。名词性从句都采用_________语序。II.各类名词性从句一、主语从句1.1).Whatisneededforthespacetripiscarefulpreparation.2).Whetherwildlifecanbewellprotectedisofgreatimportance.3).Whowillgomakesnodifference.4).Whichkindoffoodisthebestisstillnotcertain.5).Whentheywillhaveanewrestaurantopenedhasnotbeendecidedyet.6)Howgoldwasfoundthereisnotclear.7).Whythereisgravityishardtounderstand.由以上例句可以看出，主语从句在复合句中充当主语2.主语从句通常由连接词___________，和连接代词____________________________以及连接副词_______________等词引导。that在句中____________，只起______作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分3.有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语____代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句___________。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：①Itis/was+adj.+that从句②Itis/was+apity(afact,ashame,anhonor,awonder,nowonder)+that从句③Itissaid(reported,announced,thought,believed,decided,expected等)+that④Itissuggested(advised,ordered,requested,insisted,required等)+that从句⑤Itseems(appear,happen,matter等)+that从句另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that…Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that--Itworriedherabit______herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.forItremainsaquestion______wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.A.howB.thatC.whenD.whatItisknowntous______wherethereispollution,thereisharm.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that2.单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用句单数形式；如果是两个或两个以上的主语作主语，谓语动词则视情况而定。Whenandwherehewasbornhasn’tbeenfound.Whenhewasbornandwherehewasbornhaven’tbeenfound.Whenandwhythepersonwasmurderedisstillunknown.Whenthepersonwasmurderedandwhyhewasmurderedarestillunknown.Exercises:.______makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever______Icanpaybackthehelpthatpeoplegivememakesmeveryhappy.A.WhereB.WhatC.ThatD.HowIt’snotclear______wasresponsiblefortheaccident.A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.That______intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires二、宾语从句1.1）Ithink(that)womencanreachveryhighachievementsinmanyfieldsofscience.2)Iwonderwhether/ifLinQiaozhirememberedhowmanybabiesshehaddelivered.3)Doyouknowwho/whomJohnAdamswasspeakingto?4)Heaskedwhosespacesuititwas.5)Payattentiontowhatthedoctorsaid,willyou?6)Hecan’ttellmewhenJodyWilliamswontheNobelPeacePrize.7)Idon’tknowwhereCharlieChaplingothisstick.8)WillyoutellmehowIcankeepfitandhealthy?9)Doyouknowwhyhewasabsent?宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。2.引导宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句连接词____________，通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever,whom,whose以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。在句中可以作_______________________的宾语。(1)V+宾语从句，即“动宾”：Webelievethatheishonest./Iaskediftheyhadacheapsuit./Canyoutellmewhichdictionaryishers?/Ireallydon’tknowwhatheisdoing.Ijustdon’tunderstand______thatpreventssomanyAmericansfrombeingashappyasonemightexpect.A.whyitdoesB.whatitdoesC.whatitisD.whyitis---Don’tyoubelieveme?---______,Iwillbelieve______yousay.A.No;whateverB.Yes;nomatterwhatC.No;nomatterwhatD.Yes;whatever“Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?”“Theyalwaysletmedo______IthinkIshould.”A.whenB.thatC.howD.what.(2)prep+宾语从句，即“介宾”：He’spleasedwithwhatwedidyesterday./Payattentiontowhattheteachersaid.Iwishtohaveafriendwith______sharesmyhobbiesandinterests.A.whomeverB.nomatterwhoC.whoeverD.anyoneMarywroteanarticleon______theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.whyB.whatC.whoD.thatItwasamatterof______wouldtaketheposition.A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever(3)adj+宾语从句，即“形宾”：I’msurethatmybrotherwilllovethejacket./Iamgladthatyoucancomeandhelpme.不能误将”It+be+adj+that”的主语从句当成宾语从句.如：ItisnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglishwell.注意：1.(1)whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。①宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。Iwonderifitdoesn’train.②用if会引起误解，就要用whether。Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.（如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）③宾语从句中的whether与ornot直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换成if。Idon’tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue.Idon’tknowwhetherthereportistrueornot.④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether可与不定式连用，构成whethertodo结构。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导