高三英语定语从句复习教学课件

定语从句，顾名思义就是在句子中作定语的句子，相当于一个形容词，用来修饰名词、代词或主句。Thegirlwhousedtobeamodelisnowafamousactress.Helikessomethingthatischallenging.Hestudieshard,whichmakeshisfatherhappy.thegirl,something,Hestudieshard叫做定语从句的，who,that,which叫做定语从句的，又分为和。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的。先行词关系词关系代词关系副词后面关系词先行词在从句中的成分关系代词人主语人宾语人、物主语、宾语、表语物主语、宾语、表语人、物定语关系副词时间状语地点状语原因状语who（who,whom）(that)/as(which)whosewhenwherewhy用适当的关系词填空1)Aplaneisamachine___________canfly.2)Thecar___________myuncleboughtlastweekwasstolen.3)Thestudents_________don’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.4)Thewoman___________yousawintheparkisourEnglishteacher.5)Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks____interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.which/that(which/that）who/that（who/whom/that）that6.Iknowtheboyfatheristhebestdoctorinthehospital.7.Helivesinabighousedoorisred.8.Istillrememberthedayswestayedtogetheronthefarm.9.Hewenttothehousehelived10yearsago.10.Pleasetellmethereasonhedidn’tattendschoolyesterday.whosewhosewhenwherewhy/onwhich/inwhich/forwhichtheboy’s基础知识回顾:关系词及其意义指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因who,whom,that,aswhich,that,aswhosewherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词归纳总结做题技巧?先分析定语从句中缺少什么成分比较填空：1.Istillrememberthedaywespentintheforest.IstillrememberthedayIfirstcametoBeijing.2.Thefactory________wewillvisitislarge.Thefactoryhisfatherworksislarge.3.Iwon’tbelievethereasonhetoldme.Iwon’tbelievethereasonhedidn’tattendschoolyesterday.（that/which）when(that/which)where(that/which)why/onwhich/inwhich/forwhich1.that与which2.对theway的考查3.介词+关系词4.as的使用5.对where的考查6.综合考查考点难点1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_____yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it考点1.that引导的定语从句先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词时，关系代词用that4.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_____interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom5.Thereisnodictionary_____youcanfind.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthat6.Isoxygentheonlygas_____helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it7.Whichwasthehotel_____wasrecommendedtoyou?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.it先行词为人和物的组合先行词被all,little,much,every,no,等修饰时先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词(thefirst),形容词最高级(thebest),thelast,thevery,theonly等时。若主句中有疑问代词who或者which，为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用who,which，而用that。1:先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词或由不定代词any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等修饰时,引导定语从句用that不用which。2：先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用that。3:先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that。4:先行词被thevery,theonly等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用that。5：当先行词前面有who/which等疑问代词时，只用that。只使用that应遵循的规则只使用that应遵循的规则1.Thisisthetrainby_______wewenttoBeijing.2.Football,_________isaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.3.Those__________breakthelawshouldbepunished.4.He________playswithfiregetsburnt.whichwhichwhowho只用which不用that的情况指物，1.介词后。2.用于非限制定语从句中只用who不用that的情况做题技巧?填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺状语缺宾语考点2：theway用做先行词theway做先行词时,先看后面定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语:缺少主语或宾语:引导词用that/which/不填(缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺:引导词用that/inwhich/不填Thisisthebook_____whichIspent5yuan.Thisisthebook_____whichIpaid5yuan.Thisisthebook_____whichwecanlearnalot.Thisisthebook_____whichweoftentalk.Thisisthebook_____whichIwrotedownmanynotes.onforfromaboutin考点3：介词+关系词(which/whom)Air,________whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.考点3：介词+关系词(which/whom)提醒:介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择.方法一:根据和从句中动词的习惯搭配Thisisthegoodcar__________Ispentallmymoney.方法二:根据先行词的搭配spendmoneyonthecaronwhich方法三：根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定withoutDoyouremembertheday_________youjoinedourclub?onwhich考点3：介词+关系词1.Doyouknowtheboy______yourmotheristalking?2.Istillremembertheday_______IfirstgottoParis.3.Hegavemesomenovels___________Iamnotveryfamiliar.towhomwithwhichonwhichThisisthechildwho/whom/thatIwilllookafter.5.译：这是我要照顾的小孩。4.Hegavemesomenovels___________Iamnotveryfamiliarwith.which/that/不填3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.Aswhich难点一：as的用法as\that\which1.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.asthat归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,thesame,so,as修饰，即构成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。as与which引导非限制性定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用as,意为“正如、恰如”。as和which引导非限制性定语从句相同点：as与which都可以引导一个非限制性定语从句，并代表前面整个主句或主句中的表语，有时二者可以互换。Hemarriedthegirl，as(which)wasnatural.Heseemedaforeigner,as(which)infacthewas.但如果在定语从句中做主语，且定语从句中有谓语动词。不表示“正如，就像…那样”，只能用whichHewaslateagain,whichmadetheteacherangry.as引导的非限制性定语从句不同点：⑴翻译不同as译为“正如，就像…那样”,which译为“这”Asweallknow,theearthgoesaroundthesun.Theearthgoesaroundthesun,whichweallknow.aswe/youallknow正如我们/你们知道的那样asiswellknown众所周知asweallcansee正如我们大家看到的那样⑵位置不同as既可以放在主句前、主句后，也可以插入主句中，而which一般只能放在主句之后Asourteacherpointedout，thatbookisofbenefittoeveryone．Thatbookisofbenefittoeveryone，asourteacherpointedout.Thatbookisofbenefittoeveryone，whichourteacherpointedout.⑶意义不同as一般只用在肯定句中，而which还可以用于含否定意义的句子中，如：Hefailedintheexam，as/whichwasexpected．Hefailedintheexam，whichwasunexpected．(这没有被预料到。）_____isknowntoall,theearthisround.____isknownto