搜索
Directspeech直接引语和间接引语&indirectspeech引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一是原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号内,这叫直接引语(Directspeech);一是用自己的话加以转述,这叫间接引语(Indirectspeech)直接引语变见解引语时,时态要发生变化:一般现在时现在完成时现在进行时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)陈述句Janesaid,“I’mveryfondoftraveling.”that引导的宾语从句Janesaidthatshewasveryfondoftraveling.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)一般疑问句“Isthisyourumbrella,Mary?”askedJohn.whether/if引导的宾语从句JohnaskedMaryifthatwasherumbrella.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)特殊疑问句“Mary,whenwillyoureturnmethebook?”askedJohn.wh-词引导的宾语从句JohnaskedMarywhenshewouldreturnhimthebook.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)祈使句Theofficersaidtohim,“Don’tleaveyourpost.”不定式Theofficerorderedhimnottoleavehispost.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)Let’s开头的祈使句Isaidtohim,“Let’sstartatonce.”that引导的宾语从句Isuggestedtohimthatwe(should)startatonce.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)感叹句Hesaid:“HowhappyIam!”that/what/how引导的宾语从句Hesaidthathewasveryhappy.Hesaidhowhappyhewas.由直接引语转变为间接引语,有时会引时态的变化,注意以下几个方面:直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般现在时或现在完成时Sheoftensays,“Allmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.”从句动词时态不变Sheoftensaysthatallmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:一般现在时“Iknowit,”hesaid.一般过去时Hesaidthatheknewit.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:现在进行时“I’mmakingcoffeeforyouall,”shesaid.过去进行时Shesaidshewasmakingcoffeeforusall.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:现在完成时“Ihaveseenherbefore,”saidhe.过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherbefore.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:现在完成进行时Hesaid,“Ihavebeendoingitforhours.”过去完成进行时Hesaidhehadbeendoingitforhours.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:一般过去时“IsawherlastMonday,”hesaid.过去完成时HesaidhehadseenherthepreviousMonday.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:过去进行时“IwaswaitingforJim,”shesaid.过去完成进行时ShesaidshehadbeenwaitingforJim.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:过去完成时“DoyouknowRickhadbeenillinbedformanydaystillhedied?”Jackasked.过去完成时JackaskedifIknewRickhadbeenillinbedformanydaystillhedied.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:一般将来时Hesaid:“Weshallstarttomorrow.”过去将来时Hesaidtheywouldstartthenextday.由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:1.不变的真理Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Waterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.”→Theteachertoldthestudentsthatwaterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.2.经常的习惯：Hesaidtothedoctor,“Ismoketwopackseveryday.”→Hetoldthedoctorthathesmokestwopackseveryday.3.历史事件：Theteachersaid,“WorldWarⅡendedin1945.”→TheteachersaidthatWorldWarⅡendedin1945.4.部分情态动词,如must,oughtto,usedto,hadbetter等：Shesaidtome:“Youmusthurryup.”→ShesaidthatImusthurryup.由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列代词、形容词、副词、动词等可能要变化直接引语间接引语thisthesenowagotodaytomorrowthat/thisthose/thesethenbeforethatday/today/yesterday(the)nextday直接引语间接引语thedayaftertomorrowyesterdaylastnightthedaybeforeyesterdaygobringhereintwodays’timethedaybeforethenightbeforetwodaysbeforecome/gobring/takethere/here“I’mgoingtohidefromtheGermans.Willwehideawayforlong?Ifinditnecessarytohaveafriend.”Annesaid.“Whydoyouchooseyourdiary?”herfatherasked.“Iwantmydiarytobemybestfriend,andIshallcallmyfriendKitty.”sheanswered.Usethefollowingtohelpyou:1.…said/asked/wrote/wondered/wantedtoknow….2.…,and/but/so….1.Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”Jacktoldmethat___worried___.A.helooks…todayB.youlook…todayC.welooked…thatdayD.Ilooked…thatdayExercises2.Wesaidtoher,“They’rewalkingthroughthestreetnow.”Wetoldherthat___throughthestreet___.A.wewerewalking…thenB.youarewalking…nowC.theywerewalking…thenD.theywalking…now3.MrBlacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek.”MrBlacksaidthat__alongway__.A.Ihadwalked…lastweekB.hehadwalked…thatweekC.Iwalked…lastweekD.hehaswalked…thisweek4.Themanthought,“Ishalltakeitbacktomorrow.”Themanthoughtthat__takeitback____.A.Ishall…tomorrowB.Ishall…thenextdayC.heshould…tomorrowD.hewould…thenextday5.Theysaidtous,“Areyouafraidtoleavethishouse?”Theyaskedus____afraidtoleave_____house.A.thatwerewe…thisB.thatwewere…thatC.ifwerewe…thisD.ifwewere…that6.Janesaid,“Whatdidhehearaboutaweekago?”Janeasked____about_____.A.thatheheard…aweekagoB.whathehadheard…theweekbeforeC.whathehadherd…aweekagoD.ifheheard…theweekago7.Sheasked,“Whosehousewillhebreakintonexttime?”Sheaskedwhosehouse____breakinto_____.A.willhe…nexttimeB.wouldhe…thenexttimeC.hewould…thenexttimeD.hewill…nexttime8.Jacksaidtoher,“Wheredoyouspendyourholidays?”Jackaskedherwhere____holidays.A.shespentherB.youspendyourC.shespendherD.youspentyour9.Blackaskedme,“Whyhaven’tyoulefthereyet?”Blackaskedmewhy____yet.A.Ihadn’tleftthereB.Ihaven’tlefthereC.hadn’tIleftthereD.haven’tIlefthere10.Theteacheraskedher,“|Doesthesunriseintheeast?”Theteacheraskedher___thesun___intheeast.A.if…riseB.if…risesC.whether…roseD.whetherdid…rise关键时刻贵左手壹拽,拽得整个房屋摇动.整把方天画戟起土而出,薛仁贵连忙上前,右手壹撑,活生生撑起咯整个房屋.真乃神力也/旁人见况.纷纷惊骇否已.庄汉取来木桩,把柱子凑将上去,薛仁贵放下正梁,果然原封否动换咯出来.仁贵拿起方天戟来,使咯两招.会心笑道说:老爷,那条戟否轻否重,却倒正好.众人纷纷夸赞薛仁贵神力,壹齐走到厅堂上,仁贵把戟磨得铄亮,老汉高兴得即时大摆酒筵,在书房饮宴.饮宴之时.樊老汉朝薛仁贵敬咯壹杯酒,否禁赞叹道:有薛义士此等英雄相助,明日定能无忧也,否过老朽有壹言否知当否当问？老爷客气咯.当问无妨.薛仁贵回咯壹礼.樊老汉道:观薛义士气力否下当今尪王手下の裴元庆,为何要屈居于此,而否再尪军之中图个功名？薛仁贵闻声笑道:老爷所说の确无误,薛礼那便是要去投靠尪军咯,谁料盘缠否够,所以流落至此.原来如此,好在老天爷让老朽结识咯英雄,来,老朽再代替全家敬您壹杯.爹正当此时,壹声悦耳婉转之音在耳畔响