64初三英语复习《动词不定式》PPT课件

非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式：to+动词原形动名词：动词原形+ing分词（现在分词和过去分词）复习课：动词不定式（I）—Infinitives（I）一.复习动词不定式的结构:(not)todo;（not)do二.复习动词不定式在句子中作主语、宾语、表语的用法三.复习不定式在上述用法中的固定句式及固定短语第一课时肯定：to+V.原（to有时可省略）否定：not+to+V.原其结构为一种非谓语形式，to是不定式符号1)Helikestoreadnovels.2)Isawhimcome.3)Wedecidednottobuythathouse.4)Itisinterestingtoflyakite.5)Pleaselethimnotgothere.一.动词不定式的结构二.不定式的句法功能作主语ToeatnoisilyinCubaisimpolite.Tostudyhardisveryimportant.ItisimpolitetoeatnoisilyinCuba.Itisveryimportanttostudyhard.不定式作主语时，通常用it作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面。注意:1、Itis+adj.for/ofsb.todosth.It+be+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.for:adj.多为描述不定式行为的特征（important/necessary/interesting等.）of:adj.多为描述人的品质特征（kind/nice/friendly/wise/foolish等.）作主语Itiseasy_______hertolearnEnglishwell.Itisfoolish____youtodothat.offor2、Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.Ittakesmethreehourstofinishthehomeworkeveryday.作主语我每天花三个小时完成家庭作业。3、Itis+n.(forsb)todosth.Itismypleasuretobetogetherwithallofyoutoday.作主语4、用在谚语中Toseeistobelieve.Tosayiseasy,buttodoishard.作主语做主语1、Itis+adj.for/ofsb.todosth.2、Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.3、Itis+n.(forsb)todosth.1、Itisnecessary____ustolearntowait.(of/for)2、Itwascareless______metomakethismistakeagain.（of/for)3、Ittookhim5minutes______________thisproblem.(workout)forof练习toworkout4、Itismypleasure______withyou.(be)5、轮到我们打扫教室了。Itisourturn_____________________..练习tobetocleanthecleanroom1、动词+todosth常用动词有：want/wish/like/wouldlike/hope/plan/try/decide/learn/need/agree/begin/start/forget/stop/remember/fail/happen/offer/refuse/promise/expect等1、Ihopetoseeyouagain.2、Sheplanstogoandteachinthecountry.作宾语2、动词＋wh疑问词+todoIdon’tknow____________next.Shecan’tdecide_________________.作宾语2、她不能决定买哪本书。1、我不知道接下来该做什么。whattodowhichbooktobuy1、Don’tforget_________________.(关灯)2、Ihappened________whenhecalledme.（出去）3、Idon’twant________________.(依赖别人）4、Samislearning________________.(怎样开车）5、Mompromised_________anewbikeforme.(买)toturnoffthelighttogoouttodependonothershowtodriveacar练习tobuy1、主语+be+todosth主语多为duty/wish/hope/idea/plan/dream/work/job等名词,放在be动词或系动词后1、Mydreamistobeasinger.2、Thecleaner’sworkistocleanthestreetseveryday.3、Heseemstobeveryhappyeveryday.作表语2、谚语中1、Toknoweverythingistoknownothing.样样都通，样样稀松。2、Toseeistobelieve.练习吧：一、动词不定式作主语1.It'sourduty__theroomeveryday.A.tocleanB.cleanedC.cleanD.cleans2.It'shardforTom____Englishwell.A.learnB.learnsC.tolearnD.learningAC练习吧：3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。Itwill_________theworkersoverayear__________________theflyover.4.It‘sverynice_________youtogetmetwotickets_________theWorldCup.A.for，ofB.of，forC.to，forD.of，totaketobuildD练习吧：二、动词不定式作宾语1.Hewants______somevegetables.A.buyB.buyingC.tobuyD.buys2.Don‘tforget_____yourdictionarywithyouwhenyoucometoschool.A.tobringB.bringingC.totakeD.taking3.Hefounditverydifficult______.A.sleepingB.sleepsC.sleptD.tofallasleepCCD动词不定式充当的句子成分1、作主语（subject)2、作宾语(object)3、作表语(predicative)不定式的结构1、动词+宾语（sb./sth.)+todosth.1、Theteacheraskedhertoanswerthequestion.2、Thedoctortoldmetohaveagoodrest.作宾补-对宾语进行补充说明常用动词有：ask,tell,allow,want，order,warn,wouldlike,wish,expect等动词多为感官动词、使役动词。一感：feel二听：hear,listento三让：make,let,have四看：see,notice,watch,lookatJohn’smothermakeshimplaythepianoeveryday.被动：John_________playthepianoeveryday.ismade2、动词+宾语+不带to的不定式作宾补to1、Lethim_______theworkatonce.(finish/tofinish)2、Doyoulikelisteningtootherpeople______?(talk/talking/totalk)3、Jimwasseen_________theroom.(enter/toenter)4、Pleasetellher_________hereontime.(come/tocome)finishtalktoentertocome练习5、I’llhelpyou_____________thisproblem.(toworkout/workout)6、Iwishyouwillstaywithus.(改成简单句）7、Herjokesmadeuslaugh.(改成被动句）(to)workoutIwishyoutostaywithus.Weweremadetolaughbyherjokes.练习吧：三、动词不定式作宾语补足语1.Robertoftenasksus______hisChinese，sohisChineseismuchbetterthanbefore.A.helphimB.tohelphimwithC.tohelpwithD.helpshimwith2.MrLioftenteacheshisJapanesefriends______Chinesefood.A.cookB.cooksC.tocookD.cookedBC放在被修饰的名词、不定代词或不定副词的后面Ihavealotofworktodoeveryday.Iwanttofindsomethingtodrink.作定语不定式为不及物动词时后面应有必要的介词。I’mlookingforahotel_________.A.stayB.stayatC.tostayD.tostayatD位置：Hehasn’tgotahousetolive_____.Ihavenopenstowrite_______.inwith1、原因状语:主语+be+adj.(表情感)+todosth.(happy/glad/angry/sorry/sad/afraid等)I’msorrytohearthat.作状语I’mgladtoseeyou.2、目的状语(你能用soasto/inorderto代替下列句子中的不定式吗？）Tom’sfatherwenttoShenzhentomakemoremoneylastmonth.Icamehere___________________.totellyouthegoodnews你知道吗？？？go，come，try，do/tryone'sbest等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。3、结果状语too+adj./adv.+todosth.adj./adv.enoughtodosth.Youaretooyoungtodothisjob.Heranfastenoughtocatchthebus.Myfatherofferedtobuyacomputerforme.Thedoctoraskedhimtohavemorefruitandvegetables.AllIdidwastogivehimsomeadvice.Hisdreamistotravelallovertheworld.It’sinterestingtoreadasciencefiction.下列不定式作何种成分？（表语）（主语）（宾补语）（表语）Hewasgladtoseeyou.Myfatherofferedtobuyacomputerforme.HesearchedtheInternettogetsomeinformation.Thedoctoraskedhimtohavemorefruitandvegetables.（状语）（宾语）（状语）（宾语补足语）下列不定式作何种成分？动词不定式可以充当的句子成分1、作主语（subject)2、作宾语(object)3、作宾语补足语(objectivecomplement)4、作表语(predicative)5、作定语(attribute)6、作状语(adverbial)•固定句型及固定短语:1.Sb.hadbetter(not)dosth.最好（不）做某事2.Why(not)dosth.?为什么不做某事3.Wouldyouliketodost