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Lead-inQuestions•1.Whatisyourunderstandingofhappiness?Listsomepopularsayingsonthedefinitionofhappiness.•2.Whatdoyouthinkaretheingredientsofhappiness?Makealistofthedeterminantsofhappiness.Paragraph1•Whydoesthewritersaythatthequestionoftherootsofhappinesshasbeenmuchofspeculation?•Thehypothese,whichhavenotgonethroughtheoreticalevaluation,canonlybecalledasspeculation.•Howmanyquestionsareraisedinthisparagraph?•Five.•Whydoesthewriterasksomanyquestionsinthefirstparagraph?•Thewriterintendstocallreaders’attentionto,andthenproceedtoexplorethecausesofhappiness.•muchofspeculation:mostlyaconjecturewithoutfirmevidence•speculation:theactofguessingwithoutknowingallthefactsaboutsth•Formerspeculationsaboutlifeonotherplanetsweremereguesses.•Theirspeculationsarestillfarfromthetruth.•Hypothesis:anideathatissuggestedasapossiblewayofexplainingasituation,provinganidea,etc,whichhasnotyetbeenshowntobetrue•Eg.Differenthypotheseshavebeenputforwardtoexplainwhyanumberofshipsandaircraftdisappearinthatarea.•(pl.hypotheses)•Similarexamples:basis(plbases),thesis(theses),diagnosis(diagnoses)•Abound:toexistinverylargenumbersorquantities•Theseessaysaboundinwit.•Ihavevisitedseveralplacesaboundingwithdeer.Paragraph2-18•Namethefactorsthatarenotimportanttohappiness,thosethataresomewhatimportantandthosethatareveryimportant?UNIMPORTANTmoney,age,gender,parenthood,intelligence,physicalattractiveness,community.SOMEWHATIMPORTANThealth,socialactivity,religion,cultureMOSTIMPORTANTlovemarriageworkpersonality•Highlight:tomakeaproblemorsubjecteasytonoticesothatpeoplepayattentiontoit•Theprimeminister’sspeechhighlightedtheimportanceofmilitarydefense.•ThereportofDept.ofCommercehighlightedtheneedtoreducethetariffs.•Voracious:eatingorwantinglargequantitiesoffood;extremelyeagertogainknowledge•Hehasavoraciousappetite.•Marieisavoraciousreader.Sheiseagertoreadallsortsofmagazinesandbooks.•hassle:•1）sththatisannoyingordifficulttodo•Washingisarealhassleinahousewithonecoldtap.•2）anargument•Wehadalonghassleaboutwhetherornottowearboots.•stereotype:afixedideaorimageofwhataparticulartypeofpersonorthingislike•Shebelievesthatsheisnotagoodmotherbecauseshedoesnotfitthestereotypeofawomanwhospendsallhertimewiththechildren.•Pastoral:typicalofthesimplepeacefullifeinthecountry•Thepaintingshowedatypicalidyllicpastoralsceneofshepherdswatchingovertheirgrazingsheep.•spectrum:acompleterangeofopinions,ideas,situations,etc.,goingfromoneextremetoitsopposite•Awidespectrumofopinionwaspresentedatthemeeting.•(plspectra)datum(pldata)foster:tohelpanideatodevelopoveraperiodoftime•I’mtryingtofosteraninterestinclassicmusicinmychildren.•attribute:aqualityorfeaturethatsomeoneorsomethinghas•Anyincomespolicymustembodytheattributesoffairnessandflexibility.•任何收入政策都必须体现公平性和灵活性.•disparity:（fml）adifferencebetweentwoormorethings,espanunfairone•Therewassuchdisparityinthestandardsoflivingbetweentherichandthepoor.•extraversion:(alsospelledasextroversion)thestateofbeingoutgoingandsociallyconfident•extrovert:(n)anoutgoingandsociableperson[antonym:introvert](adj)•She’sagoodpersontoinvitetoapartybecausesheissuchanextrovert.Paragraph19-22•Aremostofthedeterminantsofhappinesssubjectiveorobjective?•Mostofthemaresubjective.•Whyaffluentpeoplemaystillnotbehappy?•Omitted.•Howdoesthewriterexplainthefactthatage,health,wealth,jobarenotveryimportanttoone’ssubjectivewell-being?•Hethinkstheseareobjectivefactors.Thefeelingofhappinessislargelysubjective.Itishowpeoplefeelaboutthemselvesthatreallycounts.•glean:tofindoutfactsandinformationslowlyandwithdifficulty（辛苦地）搜集（资料等）•她所辛苦搜集的许多资料毫无实用价值.•Muchoftheinformationshegleanedwasofnopracticaluse.