Unit 16 Culture Corner

DonaldJohnTrump_______firstnamemiddlename↓______surnamelastnamethe45thPresidentoftheUnitedStateLocatedinPrinceton,NewJersey,Princetonisoneofthebestuniversitiesintheworld,anditalsobelongstotheIvyLeague.TheIvyLeague(常春藤联盟)includesthetopeightuniversitiesinAmerica,suchasHarvard,Yale,BrownUniversityandsoon.LeeSeetoo司徒利Unit16;CultureCornerTheOriginsofEnglishSurnamesObjectivesAftertoday’slearning,youshouldbeableto1.understandtheoriginsofEnglishsurnames,2.usewhatyou’velearnttoexplainsomeEnglishsurnames,3.knowabouttheoriginsofChinesesurnames.surnamen.invadevt.occupationn.bakern.nicknamen.inheritvt.distinguishvt.WordReviewStep1FastReadingReadthefirsttwoparagraphsandfindtheanswerstothefollowingquestions.（3minutes）1.Whowerethefirstpeopletohavesurnames?When?2.WhendidtheEnglishsurnamescomeintobeing?3.WhydidEnglishsurnamescomeintobeing?EveryoneknowsaMichael!MichaelJordanMichaelJacksonMichaelSchumacherStep2CarefulReading&DiscussionReadtherestofthetext,thensummarizetheoriginsofEnglishsurnamesandexplainthesurnamesofMichaelJackson,GeorgeBush,WillSmith,andTaylorSwift.（Reading:3minutes;Discussion:5minutes）TheoriginsofEnglishsurnamesareusuallyclassifiedinto____categories,including_____________,locations,_________,and_____________.fourfather’snameoccupationcharacteristicsExplainthefollowingsurnames.GeorgeBushtheformerPresidentofAmericaMichaelJacksontheKingofPopTaylorSwiftAmericansingerWillSmithAmericanactorStep3ExtensiveReadingTheOriginsofChineseSurnamesThecultureofChinesesurnameshasalonghistoryandisanimportantpartofancientChineseculture.Attheverybeginning,surnameswerethesymbolofsocialstatus.DuringtheperiodfromShangandZhoudynastiestoWarriages,thesystemofgivingsurnamesbyemperorswasformed,thusgreatlyincreasingsurnamesinChina.AtQinandHandynasties,surnameswerecommonandmatureandmanysurnamessurvivetothepresentday.Thereareabout6362surnamesexistinginChinaatpresentand468ofthemarerecordedinthebookHundredSurnames,whichcover90percentofthewholepopulation.Accordingtosomescholars,thereare18sourcesfromwhichChinesesurnamesmaycome,whileotherssuggestedatleast24.Herearethemostcommonorigins.•Xing:EightGreatXingsofHighAntiquity(上古八大姓),namelyJiāng(姜),Jī(姬),Yáo(姚),Yíng(嬴),Sì(姒),Yún(妘),Guī(媯)andRèn(妊),•Nameofaplaceoforigin•Occupation–Fromofficialpositions,suchasShǐ(史,historian)–Fromnobletitles,suchasWáng(王,king)–Frommorelowlyoccupations,aswithTáo(陶,potter),Tú(屠,butcher),•Ethnicandreligiousgroups:Non-HanChinesepeoplesinChinasometimestookthenameoftheirethnicgroupsassurnames,suchasHú(胡,barbarian),Jīn(金,Jurchen),SummaryThecultureofnamesis___importantpartinEnglishculture.Todaywelearnaboutthe_____(origin)ofEnglishsurnames.TheChinesewerethefirstnation_____(use)surnamesabout2500yearsago.Westerncountriesdidnotstarttousethem____about1000yearsago.Surnames_________(create)todistinguishpeoplewiththesamenames.TheoriginsofEnglishsurnamesusuallyincludefather’sname,occupation,________(locate)andcharacteristics.Locationmeansthephysicalfeaturesofplaces_____peoplelived.Overtheyears,manysurnameshavechanged______(slight).Mostpeoplemayhaveforgottenthemeaningsoftheirsurnames,____manysurnameshavesurvivedtimeandarestill______(use)today.anoriginstouseuntilwerecreatedlocationwhereslightlybutusedHomeworkEachofushasasurnamethatcoulddatebackthousandsofyears.It’satreasurethathasbeenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.Youshouldallbeproudofyoursurnameandtryyourbesttoliveuptoyourname.Pleasewriteashortpassage(about100words)toexploretheoriginofyoursurname.