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Unit1FestivalsaroundtheworldLearningaboutlanguage必修三Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions1Whichofthesewordscanbecomeadjectiveswiththe–ousor–alending?Whichcanbecomenounswiththe–(a)tionending?Choosethecorrectendingforeachwordthenwritethenewword.Usethedictionarytohelpyou.LearningaboutLanguageproduce----educate----celebrate---predict----culture----nation----season----origin----religion----danger----humour----courage----religiousculturalproductiondangerousnationaleducationhumourousseasonalcelebrationcourageousoriginalprediction构成形容词的后缀分两大类。一类是加到名词上；另一类是加到动词上。一、加到名词上的后缀主要有：①-y：bloody,dirty,healthy,muddy②-ly：costly,friendly,lovely,orderly,timely③-ful：careful,faithful,helpful,peaceful④-less：careless,harmless,senseless,useless⑤-ous/-ious：dangerous;courageous,envious,mysterious⑥-al/-tal/-ial/-tial：accidental,horizontal,colonial,influential⑦-ic/-etic/-atic：artistic,sympathetic,systematic⑧-ish：childish,foolish,selfish⑨-like：life-like,business-like,war-like⑩-ed/-en：skilled,horned,golden,wooden二、加到动词上的后缀有：①-ent/-ant:dependent,different,observant,pleasant②-able/-ible:agreeable,comfortable,defensible,sensible③-ive/-tive/-ative/-itive：active,attentive,imaginative,sensitive④-ed/-en:advanced,noted,stolen,swollen⑤-ing:annoying,disgusting,entertaining名词后缀-ment,-t,-ture,-ion/-ition,-al,-ance,-ent,-er,-ant等，这些名词后缀都要加到适当的动词上。如：arrangement,restraint,fixture,celebration,extension,competition,renewal,assistance,resident,exporter,attendant。-ness,-y/-ty/-ity,-th,-ce/-cy等，可以加到适当的形容词上。如：darkness,kindness,honesty,loyalty,simplicity,truth,warmth,importance,absence,efficiencyasthough,belief,celebration,Christians,custom,havefunwith,origin,religious2Completethepassagebelowwiththewordsandexpressionsinthebox.ManypeoplethinkthatChristmasisawestern__________,butinfactitisreallyaworldwideholiday.Christmasactuallyasa________festivalcelebrationreligiouscelebratedby_________aroundtheworld.Its______isaroundthe3rdor4thcenturyAD,whenthe_______ofrememberingJesus’birthonDecember25thfirststarted.Today,ofcourse,manypeoplecelebrateChristmas__________itwerejustaholidayto______________family,ratherthanaholidayabouta_______.Christiansorigincustomasthoughhavefunwithbeliefcustom,admire,feast,harvest,trick,belief,starve,gather,gain,lookforwardto3Completeeachofthesentencewithasuitablewordorphrasefromtheboxinitscorrectform.1.Don’t_______________thedayyoustopsuffering,becausewhenitcomesyouknowyou’llbedead.–TennesseeWilliamslookforwardto2.Adog_________athismaster’sgatepredictstheruinofthestate.–WilliamBlake3.Iwouldratherhaveamindopenedbywonderthanoneclosedby________.–GerrySpencestarvingcustom4.______yourosebudswhileyoumay,oldtimeisstilla-flying,andthissameflowerthatsmilestoday,tomorrowwillbedying.–RobertHerrickGather5.Howeverbigthefool,thereisalwaysabiggerfoolto________him.–NicolasBoileau-Despreaux6.______,then,isthegreatguideofhumanlife.–DavidHumeadmireBelief7.Otherpeople’s________arealwaysthebest_________,butone’sownchildrenarealwaysthebestchildren.–Unknownharvestsharvests8.Thereisno______onearthdoesnotendinparting.–Unknownfeast9.Everyonehassome______theycando,buteachhashisownwayofdoingthem.–Unknown10.Thosewhocanloseshall_____;thosewhowishfor_____shalllose.--UnknowntricksgaingainModalverbs情态动词的语法特征1.情态动词有一定的意义，表示或暗示某种情绪或态度，表示可能、建议、愿望、必要、允许、能力等。2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即不随主语的不同而变化。3.情态动词不能独立使用，必须和实义动词一起构成谓语。4.情态动词除ought和have外，后面只能接不带to的不定式。5.情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式、分词等形式。只作情态动词的:can/could,may/might,oughtto,must可情态可实义的:need,dare/dared可情态可助动词的:shall/should,will/would相当于情态动词的:haveto,usedto1.must,can’t1)must表示必须、必要,must表示主观多一些而haveto则表示客观多一些。回答must引出的问句时,如果是否定的回答,不能用mustn’t,而要用needn’t或don’thaveto。如：—Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?—Yes,youmust.(No,youdon’thaveto.)2)can’t在口语中代替mustn’t时，表示禁止或不准。如:Youcan’tplayfootballinthestreet.3)must表示推测时,只能用于肯定句。Theremustbesomethingwrongwiththecomputer.这个电脑肯定出了问题。Youhaveworkedhardallday.Youmustbetired.你努力学了一整天了，一定累了吧。4)must+bedoing/do表示对现在的动作进行肯定推测。如:他现在一定在看小说。Hemustbereadingnovelsnow.Theyhaveboughtanewcar.Theymusthavealotofmoney.他们买了一辆新车,他们一定很有钱。5)must+havedone表示对过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断。他们在玩篮球，他们一定已经完成了作业。Theyareplayingbasketball,theymusthavefinishedtheirhomework.路是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.2.can,could1)can/could表示推测时,只能用在否定句或疑问句中。It’ssolate.CanTombereading?这么晚了,汤姆还在看书吗？Itcan’tbeMary.Shehasfallenill.这个人不可能是玛丽,她生病了。Shecouldn’tbetellinglies.她不可能在说谎。2)can/couldhavedone对过去发生行为的可能性进行推测:刚才我还看见他了，所以他不可能出国的。Isawhimjustnowsohecouldn’thavegoneabroad.门是锁着的，所以她不可能在家。Thedoorwaslocked.Shecouldn’thavebeenathome.3)can/couldhavedone“本可以,本来可能已经”用于肯定句中,表示对过去发生的事情做出的判断。你本来可以考的更好。Youcouldhavehadabettermark.3.may/might1)may/might表示推测时,只能用于陈述句,表示对现在或将来要发生的动作把握不大。她们明天可能会到这里来。Theymaycomeheretomorrow.他们可能还在等我们呢。Theymaybestillwaitingforus.2)might可用于指过去的行为或者表示可能性更小。他也许在作功课吧。Hemightbedoinghishomeworknow.我问他我是否可以离开。IaskedhimifImightleave.Iaskedhim“MayIleavenow?”3)might/mayhavedone,表示对过去发生的动作进行可能性推测。他可能去医务室了。Hemayhavegonetotheclinic.他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。Hemighthavereadaboutthenewsinthenewspaper.Will/Wouldyoudo…?表请求,意志,愿望,决心。would表过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向“总是，总要”usedto表过去常常(现在已