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Unit4写作技法指导Writing五步写作规范写作范式必备新闻报道本单元的写作项目属于新课标中应用体类别中的“新闻报道”。这种题目要求我们对最近发生的重大事件进行简要而迅速地报道。一、基本结构新闻报道一般包括四个部分：标题、导语、主体、结语。1．标题是新闻的题目，是编辑对最有新闻价值内容的浓缩、概括、提炼和再创造。撰写标题是为了撷取新闻要点、诠释新闻意义、吸引读者阅读。2．导语是消息开头的第一段或第一句话，它扼要地揭示出消息的核心内容。3．主体是消息的主要部分，它用充足的事实表现主题，是对导语内容的进一步展开和阐释。4．结语一般是最后一句话或者一段话，通常对全文内容作概括性的总结和对新闻事件的发展趋势作出预测。有时，作者会根据报道的事实在结语中提出令人深思的问题。二、注意事项(1)搜集素材，选好报道主题新闻的主题必须能引起大家的关注和兴趣，还要具有一定的社会价值，以影响、指导大众的思想、情感、行为为目的。(2)抓住写作要素一篇新闻报道要包括五个“W”和一个“H”，即“when,where,who,what,why”和“how”，即“新闻六要素”。(3)拟好新闻的标题和导语标题和导语是新闻的重要组成部分。标题是新闻的眼睛，标题拟得好，可以吸引读者。导语是一篇新闻的第一段或第一句话，它必须具有简明、生动的特点，以帮助读者抓住新闻的主题思想。(4)优化文章结构尽量做到详略得当、层次分明、条理清晰。[题目要求]2014年5月1日，高二(3)班的学生志愿者LiYue和ZhangHua去阳光敬老院(SunshineNursingHome)开展志愿者活动(送水果、打扫卫生、聊天等)。假设你是校英语报的记者，请按下列要点用英语写一则100词左右的新闻报道。1．时间、地点、人物、活动；2．老人们的反应；3．简短评论。注意：报道的标题和记者姓名已给出(不计入总词数)。StudentVolunteersBroughtSunshinetotheElderly________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ByChenJie，SchoolNewspaper第一步：细审题、三确定1．确定体裁：本篇为新闻报道，属于_________的范畴。2．确定人称：以第____人称为主。3．确定时态：描述事情的过程以_____________为主。应用文三一般过去时第二步：拟要点、列提纲报道事实①②③④老人的反应①②简短评论①②第三步：依提纲、准翻译报道事实：要点一：2014年5月1日，李跃和张华是高二(3)班的学生。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________要点二：他们去阳光敬老院做志愿工作。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________OnMayDay,2014LiYueandZhangHuaarestudentsfromClassThree,SeniorTwo.TheywenttoSunshineNursingHomeanddidsomevoluntarywork.要点三：他们给老人送鲜花和水果，打扫卫生。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________要点四：他们坐在院子里和老人聊天。______________________________________________________Theypresentedtheelderlywithflowersandfruits.Theycleanedthewindowsandsweptthefloor.Theysatintheyardandchattedwiththeelderlypeople.老人的反应：要点五：老人非常感激他们的友善。_____________________________________________________要点六：他们将永远记住这么好的一天。__________________________________________________________________________(such...that...)Theelderlypeoplethankedthemfortheirkindness.Theysaiditwassuchabeautifuldaythattheywouldrememberitforever.简短评论：要点七：他们俩很高兴。_____________________________要点八：志愿者活动给别人带来欢乐并且丰富了自己的生活。____________________________________________________________________________Theywereveryhappy.Thevoluntaryworkhasbroughtjoytoothersandenrichedtheirownlives.第四步：句升级、求靓丽句式升级一：把要点一和要点二合并为一句话①________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(用同位语)②___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(用定语从句)OnMayDay,2014LiYueandZhangHua,studentsfromClassThree,SeniorTwo,wenttoSunshineNursingHomeanddidsomevoluntarywork.OnMayDay,2014LiYueandZhangHua,whowerestudentsfromClassThree,SeniorTwo,wenttoSunshineNursingHomeanddidsomeVoluntarywork.句式升级二：用themoment改写要点三__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________句式升级三：用现在分词作状语改写要点四______________________________________________________句式升级四：用what引导主语从句改写要点八_____________________________________________________________________Themomenttheyarrived,theypresentedtheelderlywithflowersandfruitsandstartedworking,suchascleaningthewindowsandsweepingthefloor.Theysatintheyardchattingwiththeelderlypeople.Whattheydidhasbroughtjoytoothersandenrichedtheirownlives.第五步：巧衔接、顺成文StudentVolunteersBroughtSunshinetotheElderly______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________OnMayDay,2014LiYueandZhangHua,studentsfromClassThree,SeniorTwo,wenttoSunshineNursingHomeanddidsomevoluntarywork.Themomenttheyarrived,theypresentedtheelderlywithflowersandfruitsandstartedworkingatonce,suchascleaningthewindowsandsweepingthefloor.Everythingdone,theysatintheyardchattingwiththeelderlypeople.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ByChenJieSchoolNewspaperWhenitwastimeforthemtoleave,theelderlypeoplethankedthemfortheirkindness.Theysaiditwassuchabeautifuldaythattheywouldrememberitforever.LiYueandZhangHuawereveryhappy.Whattheydidhasbroughtjoytoothersandenrichedtheirownlives.增分佳句1．Itisreportedthat58peoplewerekill