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FestivalsaroundtheworldLanguagepoints●重点单词1．starvevi.&vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死→starvationn．饿死2．originn．起源；由来；起因→originaladj.原来的3．religionn．宗教→religiousadj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的4．beliefn．信任；信心；信仰5．gainvt.获得；得到=get6．independencen.独立；自主→independentadj.独立的；自主的7．gathervt.&vi.搜集；集合；聚集8．agriculturaladj.农业的；农艺的→agriculturen.农业；农艺；农学9．awardn.奖；奖品vt.授予；判定10．admirevt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕→admirationn.羡慕11．energeticadj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的→energyn.能量；精力12．customn.习惯；风俗13．permissionn.许可；允许→permitvt.允许n.许可证；执照14．apologizevi.道歉；辩白→apologyn.道歉15．sadnessn.悲哀；悲伤→sadadj.悲哀的；悲伤的16．obviousadj.明显的；显而易见的17．forgivevt.原谅；饶恕→forgivenessn．原谅→forgivingadj.宽恕的；宽容的●重点短语1．takeplace发生2．inmemoryof纪念3．dressup盛装；打扮；装饰4．playatrickon诈骗；开玩笑5．lookforwardto期望；期待；盼望6．dayandnight日夜7．asif/though似乎，好像8．havefunwith玩得开心9．turnup出现；到场10.keepone’sword守信用；履行诺言11．holdone’sbreath屏息；屏气12．setoff出发；动身；使爆炸13．remind...of...使……想起……14．be/getmarriedto和……结婚15．apologizetosb.for...因……向某人道歉16．incelebrationof为了庆祝17．havebeliefin对……有信仰18．bedrownedin沉溺于；埋头于1.Festivalaremeanttocelebrateimportanttimesofyear.节日就是庆祝一年中重要的日子。mean的用法1).meandoingsth.意味着Playingallthetimemeansfailingtheexam.整天玩耍意味着考试失败。2)meantodosth.打算或企图做……①抱歉，我不是故意伤害你的。Sorry,Ididn’tmeantohurtyou.Sorry,Imeannoharmtoyou.hadmeantto本来打算做……②我本来打算先做英语练习的。IhadmeanttodoEnglishexercisesfirst.③抱歉，我不是故意的。Sorry,Ididn’tmeanit.InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans_____foranotherhour.A.waitingB.towaitC.waitD.tobewaiting句意为：在伦敦的一些地方，错过一班公共汽车意味着再等一个小时。A想一想2.takeplace发生；举行①演出没有进行。Theperformancedidn’ttakeplace.②事故发生时，有人路过那里吗？Wasthereanybodypassingbywhentheaccidenttookplace?Greatchanges___intheruralareasinthelasttwodecades.A.arehappeningB.havetakenplaceC.tookplaceD.havebeentakenplaceBtakeplace不能用于被动语态中，句中短语inthelasttwodecades可确定句子的时态为现在完成时。takeplace与happentakeplace：发生,举行；侧重安排或计划而发生的事，带有“非偶然”的意思。TheOlympicGamestakeplaceeveryfouryears.happen：常指客观事物或情况偶然、不可预料地发生。（happento…碰巧发生）Thefirehappenedatmidnight.IhappenedtomeetAnntoday.与place相关短语：inthefirstplace（用于列举理由）首先inthelastplace最后inplaceof代替，用……而不用……takeone’splace找某人接替某人的位置3.Festivalsandcelebrationsofallkindshavebeenheldeverywhere.allkindsof各种各样的thesamekindof相同种类的differentkindsof不同种类的this/thatkindof这（那）种akindof某种①我们卖各式各样的鞋。Wesellallkindsofshoes.=Wesellshoesofallkinds.②那类问题是很难解答的。Thatkindofquestionsisverydifficulttoanswer.=Questionsofthatkindaredifficulttoanswer.4.starvev.1）挨饿；饿死Millionsofpeoplestarvedtodeathduringthewar.战争中数百万人挨饿至死。2）starveforsth=bestarvedofsth=longfor渴望得到e.g.这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。Thehomelesschildrenstarvedfor/werestarvedoflove.3）感觉很饿（仅用于进行时态）Whenwilldinnerbeready?I’mstarving.晚饭什么时候做好？我快饿死了。5.honourn.1)光荣，荣誉e.g.他们为了国家的荣誉而战。Theyfightforthehonourofthecountry.2)inhonourof纪念…；向…表示敬意e.g.这个节日是为了纪念英雄而确立的。Afestivalissetinhonourofthehero.3)anhounour光荣的人或事情e.g.刘翔是我国的光荣人物。LiuXiangisanhonourtoourcountry.vt.4)尊敬,给以荣誉e.g.孩子们应该尊敬父母。Childrenshouldhonourtheirparents.6.…orsatisfytheancestors,whocouldreturneithertohelportodoharm.①satisfyvt.使满意e.g.很难使每个人都满意。It’shardtosatisfyeveryone.②doharmtosb/sth.=harmsbsth.伤害…e.g.在阳光下看书会伤害我们的眼睛。Readinginthesundoesharmtoeyes.7.inmemoryof纪念(与动词或be连用)①这个博物馆是为了纪念那位著名的科学家而建立的。Themuseumwasbuiltinmemoryofthefamousscientist.②他写了首感人的长诗来纪念他的妻子。Hewrotealongmovingpoeminmemoryofhiswife.8.dressvt.(+sb./oneself)“给…穿衣服”。e.g.唤醒孩子,给他们穿上衣服。Wakeupchildrenanddressthem.getdressed穿衣服bedressedin+衣服/颜色“穿着……”=bein+衣服/颜色e.g.这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。Thegirlwasdressedinred.dressup(as...)打扮/化妆（成……）1)快点打扮好，我们得走了。Dressupquickly;wehavetogo.2)派对上Tom把自己打扮成一个天使。Tomdressedhimselfupasanangleintheparty.9.gainvt.&vi.获得；赢得(1)Ihave__________________________sinceIarrived.我到这里以后，结识了很多朋友。(2)Hehad________________andlookedmuchbetter.他体重增加，脸色好看多了。gainedalotoffriendsgainedweightn.收获(1)No______，no______.不劳无获。(2)______intothepit,______inyourwit.吃一堑，长一智。painsgainsAfallagain10.awardn.奖品，奖项，奖金,助学金Marygotanawardandwasabletofinishherstudy.vt.授予……；裁定……awardsb.sth./sth.tosb.授予某人某物win/receive/getanawardfor因……而获奖(1)They__________Johnthefirstprize.他们授予约翰一等奖。(2)Hewon_____________hisexcellentskill.他由于他出色的技能而获奖。awardedtheawardfor11.admirevt.钦佩；赞赏；欣赏admiresb/sth(forsth)①他们很欣赏我们的花园。Theyadmiredourgardenverymuch.②我羡慕他生意上的成功。Iadmirehimforhissuccessinbusiness.admireoneselfinthemirror照镜自怜12.lookforwardto期望；期待；盼望[即学即练9](1)Mymothersaidshewas______________________________you.我妈妈说她正期待着与你见面。(2)Iwas_________________________hiscommentsonthisnewfilm.我期待听到他对这部新影片的评论。lookingforwardtomeetinglookingforwardtohearinglookforwardto结构中的to为介词，其后接名词或动名词（动词ing形式）。类似的动词短语还有：be/become/getusedto习惯于……payattentionto注意devote...to...把……致力于……prefer...to...宁愿……也不……13.asthough/if+句子：“好像”①今天你看上去好像病了。Itlooksasthoughyouareilltoday.②他表现得若无其事。Heactedasifnothinghadhappened.14.turnup出现；到场；开大，调高(1)Guesswho___________atMary'swedding.猜猜都有谁参加了玛丽的婚礼。(2)Thebookyouhavelostwill_______someday.你丢的那本书说不定哪一天又会找到。(3)Please______________.Iwanttolistentothenews.请把收音机音量开大些，我想听听新闻。turnedupturnupturnuptheradio拓展：turndown关小，调低；拒绝turnoff关(水源、煤气、电等)；令……厌烦turnon打开；使……感兴趣turnout结果是；证明是；turnto转向，变成；求救于，求助于15.keepone’sword守信用；履行诺【注意】keepone’sword=keepone’spromise，反义短语是breakone’sword/promise。注意两短语中的word不可数，无复数。(1)Sheisagirlwhoalways___________