2015届高三英语考纲新增词汇

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2015届高三英语考纲新增词汇1.anticipate/ntIsIpeIt/vt.1)anticipate+n.预料,预期Wedontanticipateanymajorproblems.我们预料不会发生什么大问题。2)anticipate+doingTheyanticipatemovingtobiggerpremisesbytheendoftheyear.他们预期年底前迁入较大的经营厂址。3)anticipate+sth.doingIdontanticipateitbeingaproblem.我不认为它会成为一个问题。4)Itisanticipatedthat...据预测5)anticipate预见,预计并做好准备Weneedsomeonewhocananticipateandrespondtochangesinthefashionindustry.我们需要一个能应对时装业变化并做出应对的人。6)anticipate+(doing)sth.期盼;期望ThemoreIanticipatedarrivingsomewhere,themoredisappointedIwas.我越期盼在某方面有所成就,就越失望。7)先于……做;早于……行动WhenScottreachedtheSouthPolehefoundthatAmundsenhadanticipatedhim.斯科特到达南极时发现阿蒙森已到过那里。【词形变化】anticipationn.Heboughtextrafoodinanticipationofmorepeoplethanhehadinvited.他预料来的客人比邀请的要多,就多买了食物。2.assure//vt.1)assuresb.that...使确信;向……保证YouthinkIdiditdeliberately,butIassureyouthatIdidnot.你认为这是我故意干的,不过我向你保证不是的。2)assuresb.ofsth.Weassurehimofoursupport.我们向他保证给予支持。3)弄清,查明assureyourselfofsth./assureyourselfthat...Heassuredhimselfofhersafety.他确定她是安全的。Sheassuredherselfthattheletterwasstillinthedrawer.她查清楚信仍在抽屉里。4)确保;使确定assuresth.=guaranteesth./assuresb.sth.Victorywouldassureaplaceinthefinals.=Victorywouldassurethemaplaceinthefinals.胜利将确保能参加决赛。5)assuresth.保险(尤指人寿险)Whatisthesumassured?人寿保险额是多少?【词形变化】assured=selfassured=confident自信的;eg:Hespokeinacalm,assuredvoice.他冷静自信地说。Successseemedassured.看来已必胜无疑。=guaranteed有把握的;必将发生的3.cease/sis/vt.&vi.(使)停止;结束Welfarepaymentsceaseassoonasanindividualstartsajob.一旦就业,即停发福利救济。ceasetodoYouneverceasetoamazeme!你总能让我感到惊奇!ceasesth.Theyvotedtoceasestrikeactionimmediately.他们投票决定立即停止罢工。Heorderedhismentoceasefire(=stopshooting).他命令手下停止射击。ceasedoingsth.ThecompanyceasedtradinginJune.这家公司已于六月停业。【词形变化】ceaselessadj.不停的;好像无休止的;不断的=constant4.commodity/kmdtI/n.(常用复数)1)商品;(尤指)日用品householdcommodities家庭日用品Ileadaverybusylife,sosparetimeisaverypreciouscommoditytome.我的生活非常忙,空余时间对我来说是非常珍贵的。2)商品;货物;(尤指国际贸易中的)物品、产品或材料Tradingincommoditieswasbrisk.商品交易兴旺。thecommodity/commoditiesmarket商品市场5.compile/kmpaIl/v.~sth.(for/fromsth.)collect(information)andarrangeitinabook,list,report,etc.收集(资料)并编辑(成书、表、报告等)compilestatisticsforareportontrafficaccidents为交通事故报告汇集统计数字Thepolicehavecompiledalistofsuspects.警方已编制了涉嫌者名单。aguidebookcompiledfromavarietyofsources汇集多方资料编辑的旅行指南6.comprehensive/kmprIhensIv/adj.1)广泛的,全面的,综合的;综合教育的2)有理解力的;容易了解的acomprehensiveknowledge渊博的知识acomprehensivemind宽大的心胸acomprehensiveplanning全面规化comprehensivefaculty理解力7.consent/knsent/n.同意;准许;允许~(tosth.)Herparentsrefusedtheirconsenttothemarriage.她的父母不答应这门婚事。withonesconsent=bycommon~一致同意地v.同意;准许;允许Whenshetoldthemwhatsheintended,theyreadilyconsented.她告诉他们她的打算时,他们欣然同意。~tosth.Hereluctantlyconsentedtohisdaughtersmarriage.他勉强同意了女儿的婚事。~todosth.Shefinallyconsentedtoanswerourquestions.她最终同意回答我们的问题。8.contrast/kntr??st/n.1)明显的差异,对比,对照~betweenAandBThereisanobviouscontrastbetweentheculturesofEastandWest.东西方文化之间有明显的差异。~to/with/sb./sth.Hiswhitehairwasinsharpcontrasttohisdarkskin.他的白头发与黑皮肤形成了鲜明的对比。Shehadalmostfailedtheexam,buthersister,bycontrast,haddoneverywell.她考试差点不及格,而她的妹妹相比之下考得很好。Incontrastwiththeirsystem,oursseemsveryoldfashioned.我们的制度与他们的相比,显得过于守旧了。2)明显不同的人或物Theworkyoudidtodayisquiteacontrasttowhatyoudidlastweek.你今天的表现与上周截然不同。3)(摄影或绘画中的)颜色反差,明暗对比Theartistsuseofcontrastismasterly.这位艺术家娴熟地运用了明暗对比。v./kntr??st/1)对比,对照~Aand/withBItisinterestingtocontrasttheBritishlegalsystemwiththeAmericanone.把英国的法制与美国的加以对比很有意思。2)显出明显差异~withsth.Heractionscontrastedsharplywithherpromises.=Heractionsandherpromisescontrastedsharply.她的行动与她的诺言相差甚远。9.core/k(r)/n.果心(如苹果核、梨核);(物体的)中心部分;theearthscore地核最重要的部分,核心,要点,精髓thecoreoftheargument争论的核心Thisconceptisattheverycoreofhertheory.这个概念是她的理论的核心。adj.最重要的,主要的,基本的thecoresubjects核心课程Theuseofnewtechnologyiscoretoourstrategy.运用新技术是我们策略的关键。1)核心(信念,价值,原则等)~beliefs,values,principles,etc.2)核心成员的,骨干的Theteamisbuiltaroundacoregroupofplayers.这个队是以几名骨干队员为核心构建的。10.criteria/kraItIrI/n.标准,条件(criterion的复数)Successinmakingmoneyisnotalwaysagoodcriterionofsuccessinlife.能挣钱并不一定是衡量人生幸福的可靠标准。Whatarethecriteriafordecidingwhogetstheprize?评定获奖者以什么作标准?evaluationcriteria评价标准;评估标准;评定标准selectioncriteria选择标准;选拔准则;挑选标准;选择准则measurementcriteria计量标准;衡量标准11.crucial/krul;krul/adj.~(to/forsth.)至关重要的;决定性的acrucialdecision,issue,factor关键性的决定、问题、因素atthecrucialmoment在紧要关头Gettingthiscontractiscrucialtothefutureofourcompany.签订此项合同对本公司的前途至关重要。Butthecrucialthingaboutthisfirstviewthatwewanttotalkaboutisthatthemindisthoughtofassomethingseparatefrom,anddistinctfrom,thebody.但是这个关于我们想要讨论的第一个观点的决定性的东西是思维被考虑为是从某种身体中分离出来的,并且截然不同的东西。12.crush/kr/v.1)压(或挤)坏,压(或挤)伤(某物[某人])Dontcrushthebox;ithasflowersinit.别把盒子压破了,里面有花。Severalpeoplewerecrushedtodeathbythefallingrocks.有几个人被落下来的岩石压死了。2)捣(或碾)碎某物;把某物捣(或碾)成粉末Hugehammerscrush(up)therocks.用大锤把岩石砸成了碎块。3)使(某物)显得皱皱巴巴的Theclotheswerebadlycrushedinthesuitcase.衣服压在箱子里皱得不像样子了。4)消灭,击溃,镇压(某人[某事物]);制服Therebellionwascrushedbygovernmentforces.政府军已把叛乱镇压下去。Herrefusalcrushedallourhopes.她一拒绝,我的希望就全都破灭了。5)(使某人[某物])挤入或挤过Youcantcrushtwentypeopleintosuchatinyroom.不能让二十个人挤进这样一个狭小的房间里。Thepostmantriedtocrushthepacketthroughtheletterbox.邮递员使劲把邮件塞进信箱里。挤出或榨出某物crushthejuiceoutoforanges榨橙子汁n.拥挤的人群Icoul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