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时态语态基本用法练习非谓语动词动名词分词不定式现在分词过去分词动名词Gerund分词participle不定式infinitivev.v.v.G.+O./A.动名词短语n.主/表/宾/定adj.adv.P.+O./A.inf.+O./A.分词短语不定式短语表/定/补/状主/表/宾/定/补/状n.adj.adv.动名词Gerund分词participle不定式infinitivev.v.v.G.+O./A.动名词短语n.主/表/宾/定adj.adv.P.+O./A.inf.+O./A.分词短语不定式短语表/定/补/状主/表/宾/定/补/状n.adj.adv.TheGerund动名词的特点：①抽象②习惯性Hishobbyispainting.I’mproudofbeingaChinese.习惯抽象Participle被动、完成、感到……的主动、进行、令人……的donedoingTheswimmingboyisTom.(主动、进行）theroomfacingsouth（主动）Thefilmisdisappointing.（令人……的)IhavearadiomadeinChina.（被动）Lookatthebrokenglass.（被动、完成）Theexcitedpeopleshoutedandcheered.（感到……的）infinitive表将来表目的表某一次具体的动作Ihavealotofworktodo.（将来）TolearnEnglishwell,youmustpractisemore.（目的）Ilikedancing,butIdon’tliketodancetoday.（某一次具体的动作）主语动名词不定式1.若句子的主语和表语都为非谓语动词，其形式要求一致。2.Itis(no)good/usedoingsth.Teachingislearning.Itisnousedoingthat.那样做是没用的。教也是学。表语动名词分词不定式主动、进行、令人……的被动、完成、感到……的看性质看性质doingdoneHisjobisteachingChinese.Thenewsisexciting.Allofusaredisappointed.Whatyoushoulddoistolookafterthebaby.定语动名词不定式分词将来具体动作分类无主谓doingdone主动进行令人…的被动完成感到…的drinkingwaterreadingroom=thewaterfordrinking=theroomforreading作定语thesleepingbabyfallenleavesthebrokencuprunningwaterexcitingnewsthedisappointingboythedisappointedboytheworktodotheboystandingthereThewindowbrokenbyTomtheclothestowashtomorrow分析下列句子Hehasalotofworktodo.Heistherightpersontodoit.It’sthebestwaytolearnEnglish.主谓动宾说明内容不定式作定语的基本条件不定式与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上必须具备以下条件之一：1.主谓关系2.动（介）宾关系3.说明所修饰词的内容多为抽象名词或序数词Ihavenochairtositon.Ihavealotofclothestowash.tobewashed.Payattentiontothefollowingthefoodtolive______thebustocomehere____thepentowrite_____theroomtolive____theknifetocut_____thepersontowrite____ononwithinwithabout宾补分词不定式donedoing取决于谓语动词seewatchlookathearlistentofeelnotice+sb.+dodoingdonemakelethavesb.beseenwatchedlookedatheardlistenedtofeltnoticed+todomadeletadviseallowaskbegcauseexpectencourageforcegethateinviteorderobligewishwantwarnremindpromisepermitpersuaderequest…sb.todothinkconsiderfindbelievesupposeknowunderstandtakesb.tobemakeoneselfdoneIcan’tmakemyselfunder-stoodbecauseofmybrokenEnglish.Aliarcan’tmakehimselfbelieved.find+O.+doing/doneHefoundawalletlyingontheground.Ifoundthecitychangedalot.宾语不定式动名词取决于谓语动词作宾语只能用动名词作宾语的动词和词组：advise,admit,avoid,consider,delay,enjoy,excuse,finish,deny,allow,escape,forgive,imagine,mind,keep,miss,practise,prevent,resist,risk,suggest,understand,appreciate,can’thelpputoff,giveup动名词常可用于下列词组后feellike,devote…to,bebusy,Thereisnoneeduseharmhurry(in)doingThereis/are/I/wehavedifficultytroubleproblemfunpleasureagoodtimeahardtime(in)doing只能接不定式作宾语的动词hope,wish,promise,refuse,arrange,decide,fail,manage,offer,prepare,pretend,hate,prefer,ask,choose,expect…beginstartcontinue+tododoing注意下列动词①②likelovehatepreferlearn+tododoing③rememberforgetregret+tododoing④trymeanstopgoon+tododoing注意下列结构beusedtodobe/getusedtodoingusedtodo状语分词不定式doing与主语为主动关系done与主语为被动关系作目的状语作其他状语其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.WhentheyheardthebadnewsGivenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.IftheyhadbeengivenmoreattentionTheycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.andtheyweresinginglaughing判断下列句子正误：1.TolearnEnglishwell,alotofpracticemustbedone.2.Seeingfromthehill,thecityismorebeautiful.3.Heating,waterwillboil.4.Gettingthere,thedoorwasfoundopened.判断句子正误并改正：1,Beingill,hisclassmatesenthimtohospital.2.Togetthereintime,hetoldmetogetupearly.3,BrokenbyJim,Ican’tusethecup.将下列状语从句改为非谓语短语作状语：1.Becauseshewasmovedbythehero,shedecidedtostudyharder.Movedbythehero,2.Whenhefoundthedoorlocked,hewenthome.Findingthedoorlocked,Hestartedearlyinorderthathecouldgetthereontime.togetthereontime将下列非谓语短语改写为状语从句1.Notknowingheraddress,Ican’twritetoher.2.Enteringtheroom,Isawastrangesight.3,Scoldedbytheteacher,hewasverysad.4.Notknowingwheretogo,heaskedapoliceman.5.Hearingherfriendwasbad-lyhurt,sheburstintotears.6.Knowinghisteamhadwon,hebecamehappyatonce.两个复合结构不定式复合结构动名词复合结构用两个复合结构翻译句子：1.李明的迟到使得老师很生气。2.我现在离开你介意吗？3.他对我打电话会很吃惊的。4.你在这河里游泳是很危险的。Answer1.LiMing’sbeinglatemadehisteacherveryangry.2.Doyoumindmyleavingnow?3.Hewillbesurprisedatmycalling.4.It’sdangerousforyoutoswimintheriver.非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式进行时doing将来时do完成时done完成进行时beendoing英语基本时态构成一览表dobeshall/willhavehave主动被动一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone时态动名词的时态和语态Thankyouforhavinghelpedmesomuch.Heispraisedforhavingdevotedhislifeforhiscountry.Beforebeingused,themachinemustbechecked.Heinsistedonbeingsenttohospital.Heinsistedonsendinghertohospital.对比下列句子注意下面句式n.S.+beworthdoingS.+beworthyof+n.tobedoneofbeingdone主动被动一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone进行式tobedoing无时态不定式的时态和语态Hepretendedtobeworkinghardwhenhisbosspassedhim.HeseemstobeeatingsomethingI’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.前后Payspecialattentionto:hopedpromisedwantedwishedexpectedplannedtohavedone表示过去没有实现的期待和愿望Hewantedtohavemetyouattheairport,buthedidn’tgetthereintime.Weplannedtohavedonegooddeedsforthepoorpeoplelastmonthshouldoughttoneedmaymightcouldwould(not)havedone（过去）本来……结果与事实相反Youshouldhavefinishedyourhomework.Weneedn’thaveworriedabouthim.Youshouldn’thavebeenthere.mustcan’tcanmaymightcould+ben./adj./…bedoinghavedoneHemustbe