初中英语语法_形容词和副词_复习课件

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用以修饰名词,表示事物的特征的词。e.g.long,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分.系动词look/sound/smell/taste/feel+adj.构成系表结构make/keep+宾语+形容词作补语Ourcountryisabeautifulcountry.(作定语)Thecaketastegood.(作表语)Wekeepourclassroomclean.(作补语)例题:1.Shewas_____(luck)tolosehermoneywhenshewentshoppinglastweekend.[04西宁]2.Thiskindofskirtlooks__andsells__.[04天津]A.nice;wellB.nice;goodC.well;wellD.good;nice答案点拨:was是系动词,其后要跟形容词作表语,luck的形容词形式为lucky,但我们填上后发现句意不通:丢了钱她还能幸运吗?肯定是“不幸”,故应填它的反义词unlucky。答案点拨:此题融合了形容词和副词使用的两个基本知识点:系动词后跟形容词作表语,实义动词后要用副词去修饰。look为半系动词,后接形容词,sell为实义动词,后接副词,而well作形容词时专指身体状况“好”,nice是形容词,不难得出答案为A。3.—WhatdoyouthinkofthestorywrittenbyMarkTwain?—Itis________.Ilikeit.[04昆明]A.boringB.boredC.interestedD.interesting答案点拨:既然喜欢,说明它有趣,作表语,故选D。英语中一些动词有两种形容词化的形式:-ing和-ed形式,它们的区别就在于:-ing形式一般作表语和定语,修饰物。如:Itwasaninterestingbook.Thebookisinteresting.;-ed形式其主语常应该是人,而不是物。如:Hebecameveryinterestedinscience.他开始对科学非常感兴趣。4.Theappletastes_____andsells___.A.well;wellB.good;goodC.good;wellD.well;good5.Youranswersounds_____.A.correctB.correctlyC.correctnessD.correcting6.Theywatchedamovieandfeltquite_____.A.sadB.sadlyC.sadnessD.sadyCAA二.形容词后置的情况:1.修饰不定代词时:不定代词+形容词(somethinginteresting)2.“数词+名词+形容词”时,如an8-year-oldboy不形1.Samishungry,he’dliketoeat___delicious.A.someB.anyC.somethingD.somewhere2.Don’tworry.Thereis____aboutyourillness.A.serioussomethingB.anythingseriousC.nothingseriousD.something3.Thereis____intoday’snewspaper.It’sboring.A.somethingnewB.interestingnewC.nothingnewD.newnothing4.--Whocanhelpus?--___.we’lldoitourselvesA.EveryoneelseB.ElseeveryoneC.NobodyelseD.Elsenobody要点:不定代词修饰形容词,位置为“不形”CCCC三.多个形容词修饰时,顺序为:限定词(冠词,指示代词,物主代词,数词)+描绘词(大小,长短,形状,新旧,长幼,颜色)+出处+材料性质+类别+名词四.一些情感动词可转化成形容词,以-ed结尾的修饰人,以-ing结尾的修饰物。五.the+形容词表示一类人。3)----HowwasyourrecentvisittoQingdao?----Itwasgreat.Wevisitedsomefriends,andspentthe___daysattheseaside.A.fewlastsunnyB.lastfewsunnyC.lastsunnyfewD.fewsunnylast答案点拨:B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的重要性差不多,音节少的形容词在前,音节多的方在后,在不能确定时,可参照下表:限定词+数量词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词those+three+beautiful+large+squareold+brown+wood+table4).Thehousesmellsasifithasn’tbeenlivedinforyears.A.LittlewhitewoodenB.littlewoodenwhiteC.whitewoodenlittleD.woodenwhitelittle5).Studentsarerequiredtotakepartintheboatrace.A.TenstrongyoungChineseB.TenChinesestrongyoungC.ChinesetenyoungstrongD.YoungstrongtenChineseAA用法例句作表语Mymotherisout.作定语Thegirlthereismyfriend.作状语Herunsfast.作宾补Ifoundhimoutside.副词的用法地点副词(home,here,there,down,up,off,on,in,out,anywhere,everywhere)通常用来表示动作发生的地点程度副词(much,(a)little,abit,very,so,too,enough,quite,rather,pretty)多数用来修饰形容词和副词.enough修饰形容词放在后面:形容词+enough方式副词(badly,,carefully,successfully,angrily,happily,slowly,,well,fast,)方式副词一般都是回答“怎样?”这类问题的,多用来修饰动词,其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly构成的*小结:副词用来修饰动词或形容词Let’sfillintheblanks,词尾变化原级比较级最高级单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或-est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加-r或-sttallhardlargewide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或estbighotthinfatwet以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为i再加-er,或-esthappydryearlynarrowclever多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more和mostdifficultpopularslowlytallerharderlargerwidertallesthardestlargestwidestbiggerhotterfatterwetterbiggesthottestfattestwettesthappierdrierearlierhappiestdriestearliestnarrowercleverernarrowestcleverestmoredifficultmorepopularmoreslowlymostdifficultmostpopularmostslowly少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est原级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比较级最高级betterbestworseworstlessmoremostfarther/furtherolder/elderleastfarthest/furthestoldest/eldest巧记:特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一坏病两多并两好little意思不是小一分为二有两个一是老来二是远形容词和副词三个级别TomisastallasMike.as+形容词原形+asThereareasmanystudentsinourschoolasyours.TomisthreetimesasoldasMike.否定notas+形容词原形+as“和…不一样”或notso+形容词原形+as“不及/不如…TomisnotastallasMike.TomisnotsotallasMike.比较级+than…Thisbridgeislongerthanthatone.Ourschoolislargerthantheirs.…isthe+比较级+ofthetwo.Tomisthetallerofthetwoboys.表示两者之间的选择,可使用“Whichis+比较级,…or…?”Whichislonger,thisoneorthat?Thisparkislessbeautifulthanthatone.表示不及另一方时,使用“less+原级+than…”“The+比较级…,the+比较级…”“…比较级+and+比较级…”Thesmallerthehouseis,thelessitwillcostustheheat.Inspring,thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.比较级前有时有一个表示程度的词或短语。常见有:alittle,much,alot,even,far等。例如:1)Myshirtismuchcheaperthanyours.我的衬衫比你的便宜。2)Lesson3isverydifficult,butLesson5isevenmoredifficult.第3课很难,但是第5课更难。注意:①在含有形容词的比较级句子中,对两个相比较的内容为了避免重复,我们常常用that,those来代替前面的词。例如:TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinGuangdong.Thewindowsofourclassroomarecleanerthanthoseoftheirs.2、such和so的区分1)such是形容词,常修饰名词。它有如下结构:①such+a/an+形容词+n.(可数名词单数),如:It’ssuchabeautifulflower.Youhavetoldussuchaninterestingstory.②such+形容词+n.(可数名词复数),如:Youhavemadesuchfoolishmistakes.③such+形容词+n.(不可数名词),如:I’mverygladthatIcangetsuchgoodadvicefromyou.中考英语专项复习形容词和副词2、such和so的区分2)so是副词,表示程度,修饰形容词或副词。它有如下结构:①so+形容词/副词,如:ThisquestionissodifficultthatIcan’tanswerit.②so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数,如:Thisissodifficultaquestionthatallofuscannotanswerit.另外在many,much,few,little+名词的前面,只能用so,不能用such。例如:ThereissolittlemilkintherefrigeratorthatIhavetobuysome.中考英语专项复习形容词和副词①…oneofthe+最高级+名词复数②…最高级+of(in)…③Thisis/wasthe最高级+名词+that定语从句LuXunisoneofthegreatestwriterslastcentury.ThisistheworstfilmthatIhaveseentheseyears.Ofallthemo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