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06年高考语法复习系列九虚拟语气主要内容：1.条件状语从句中的虚拟语气2.名词性从句中的虚拟语气3.重要句型1.条件状语从句中的虚拟语气[例句]1.Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。(与过去事实相反)2.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。(与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你)3.Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。(与将来事实可能相反)时间If条件句主句过去haddonewould/should/could/mighthavedone现在did/wereWould/should/could/mightdo将来shoulddoweretododid/werewould/should/could/mightdo(1)在条件从句中(叫虚拟条件句)，表示与事实相反的条件。分三种情况(以do为例)：典型例题1)Thevolleyballmatchwouldbeputoffifit_____tomorrow.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined2)Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotired.（96N）A.drove…didn’tgetB.haddriven…wouldn’thavegotC.drove…wouldn’tgetD.weredriving…wouldn’tgetCB解题关键：根据句中的时间状语或上下文情景3)Ifitwerenotforthesnowyweather,we___allright.A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.maybeA(2）条件句中的倒装表示虚拟虚拟条件句中有were,had,should时,可把if省略,而把were,had,should放在主语前,用倒装结构,这种结构主要用于书面语中.如:1.Wereitnecessary,Imightresign.(=Ifitwerenecessary,)2.Hadyouinformedmeearlier,Iwouldnothavesignedthecontract.(=Ifyouhadinformedmeearlier,)3.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheSummerPalace.(=Ifitshouldraintomorrow)1.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you____allrightnowA.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen2.____today,hewouldgettherebyFridayA.WerehetoleaveB.IfhehadleftC.DidhetoleaveD.Hadheleft3.____hard,hewouldhavepassedtheexamA.IfheweretoworkB.HadheworkedC.ShouldheworkD.Werehetowork4.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasilyA.HaditnotbeenforB.IfitwerenotC.IfithadnotbeenforD.WereitnotforcABD(3)含蓄条件句有些句子中,没有任何表示虚拟语气的词,短语或从句,但仍要用虚拟语气.这时,要么是省略了表示虚拟语气的部分,要么隐含在上下文之中(otherwise或inthatcase)或者用介词替代了（常见的介词有with,without,butfor）.如:1.Iwoulddoanythingforher(ifIcould).2.Wewouldnothavefinishedthewordontimewithoutyourhelp.(=ifyouhadnothelpedus)3.Butfortherain,wewouldhavefinishedthework.(=ifithadnotbeenfortherain,)4.Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?(=ifyouhadamilliondollars?)1)Butforwater,it____impossibletoliveintheearthA.isB.wouldbeC.wereD.wouldn’tbe2)Withoutyourhelp,I_____somuchprogressinmystudiesinsuchashorttime.A.don'tmakeB.didn'tmakeC.willnothavemadeD.wouldnothavemade3).Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI____thesportsmeetA.wouldhavetakenpartinB.tookpartinC.hadtakenpartinD.wouldtakepartinBDA(4)错综时间条件句例：1.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you____allrightnow.A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeenC在这种条件句中,从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。此时，主从句的谓语动词需要按时间来确定虚拟形式。IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavemissedthefilmlastnight.(现在---过去)Iftheyhadstartedintheearlymorning,theywouldarriveinhalfanhour(过去---将来)Ifyouhadaskedhimwhenyousawhimlasttime,youwouldknowwhattodonow.(过去---现在)(5).比较ifonly与onlyifonlyif表示“只有”；ifonly则表示如果……就好了若是...那该多好啊;真希望...;Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。Ifonlythealarmclockhadrung.当时闹钟响了，就好了。IfonlyIwereabird!要我是一只鸟,那该多好啊!表示现在的情况,应用过去式;如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态Ifonly也可用于陈述语气。Ifonlyhecomesearly.但愿他早点回来。1.名词性从句中的虚拟语气(1).宾语从句中的虚拟语气1)wish+宾语从句表示不能实现的愿望,译为”要是……就好了”Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.IwishIhadknowntheanswerearlier.IwishIwouldgototheseasidenextsummer.表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用would/could+动词原形表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用had+过去分词或could(should)+have+过去分词HowIwisheveryfamily_____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!(02上海)A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhadB(2).在动词insist,order,command,suggest,advise,propose,request,desire,require,demand,decide,determine,recommend,etc.后需用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形。1.Theteacherdemandedthatthework_____before4o’clock.A.finishedB.befinishedC.shouldfinishD.finish2.---Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmother’sillness?---Hesuggestedthatshe_____anoperationatonce.A.musthaveB.hadC.haveD.hadhadBC注意:当suggest表示暗示,表明,insist表示坚持认为的意思时,不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气Thesmileonherfacesuggestedthatshewassatisfiedwithourwork.Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.(2)表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。Hissuggestionthatwe(should)sotoShanghaiiswonderful.Myideaisthatthey(should)pay100dollars.1.Hissuggestionthatyou_____oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry2.Mysuggestionisthatshe________moreexercise,whichwilldoalotofgoodtoher.A.takesB.musttakeC.takeD.tookAC3.其他句型(1).It’s(high/right)time(that)…从句中谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should+动词原形.如:It’stimethatIpickedupmymother.(2).在系动词后由asif/though引导的表语从句有时候用虚拟语气.HespeaksasifhewereanEnglish.Ifeelasifwehadknowneachotherforyears.(3)在含有ifitwerenotfor或ifithadnotbeenfor条件句的虚拟语气中Ifitwerenotfortherain,thecropswoulddie.Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.；技校信息网技校网学招网学校招生网中专技校网大专技校网技校信息网技校网学招网学校招生网中专技校网大专技校网；；2018年青海师范大学硕士研究生专业目录年青海师范大学硕士研究生专业目录；皱了皱眉道：是什么地方?在咱们魔界壹直有壹些地方,流传有死后洗炼の传说.传说人死之后,把所有の东西,包括五脏六腑,血液,皮毛,骨头全部给拆开了,然后投入洗炼池,说不定就可以再重生の传说.幻流说.呃,还有这种荒唐の传说?根汉觉得有些无语,死者为大,但是却有很多の人,还会相信这种鬼传说.呵呵,要不怎么说魔族和人仙两族不壹样呢,主要是观念不壹样.幻流笑着说：人和仙族,对于这些重,觉得人不可亵渎,可是魔族中の大部分种族却不信这些东西.大家观念不壹样,魔族更加崇尚血腥,分离,还有毁灭,所以说才是人魔不相容.幻流说：不过魔界也有和人仙两界,相容の更多の种族,也是壹样の.根汉道：你是觉得这里也是魔界の洗炼池?有些像.幻流说：不过咱也只是回洗炼池,并没有见过魔界各族の洗炼池,可能即使是魔界各族の洗炼池,咱怕就得不下于几千万个吧.会有这么多?根汉觉得有些意外.恩,魔界种族数量奇多,而且变种也不得了の多,虽说太古时代魔界时期可能只有十万种族.可是若是加上变种の话,起码得有上百万种族了,可能还不止.而这