定语从句幻灯片剖析

定语从句定语从句：在句中起定语作用，用于修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：that,who,whom,whose,which,as关系副词：when,where,why1.Hewhodoesn`treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.2.Thisisthemuseumthat/whichwasbuiltlastyear.3.Thecalculator(that/which)Iwasusingwasboughtyesterday.4.Theman(who/whom/that)Italkedtojustnowismyteacher.(ThemantowhomItalkedjustnowismyteache.)5.Herantohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.6.Thewindowwhoseglasswasbrokenyesterdayhasbeenrepairednow.7.Asweallknow,heisafamousfilmstar.8.Theboycamehomelate,whichmadehismotherveryworried.9.I`llneverforgettheyearswhenIlivedinthevillage.10.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedfor15years.11.Idon`twanttolistentoanyreasonwhyhewasabsentfromthemeeting.12.Doyoubelievethereason(that/which)hegaveforhisbeingabsentfromthe.meeting？关系词的用法一.关系代词的用法that:既可代人也可指物，指人时可与who,whom替换，代物时可与which替换。在从句中可作主语，宾语或表语。作宾语时可省略。1.Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.2.Thegirlwho/thatisseatedbythewindowismysister.3.Shehasfoundthenecklace(that/which)shelosttwoweeksago.3.Thisisthebestnovel(that)Ihaveeverread.4.Jackisnolongertheperson(that/who/whom)Ｉmetfiveyearesago.which:一般指物，也可代主句的全部内容，在从句中作主语或宾语。1.Bambooishollow,whichmakesitlight.2.Theriverwhich/thatrunsthroughthecenterofthecitybringsuslotsofpleasure.3.Thisisthebook(which/that)Iamlookingfor.who/whom:代人，who在从句中作主语或宾语，whom只能作宾语。1.Anarchitectisapersonwho/thatdesignsbuildings.2.Heistheprofessor(whom/who/that)Ivisitedlastmonth.3.Anurseisapersonwho/thatlooksafterpatients.3.Heisaperson(who/whom/that)Icanturntowhenever(Iam)introuble.＊HeisapersontowhomIcanturnwhenever(Iam)introuble.whose:一般代人，也可指物，在句中作定语。1.ThegirlwhoseEnglishisexcellentwonthefirstplaceintheEnglishspeechcompetition..2.Achildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.3.Theteacherwhosesonismyclassmatewillgiveusatalkonphysicstomorrow.4.Thetemplewhoseroofneedsrepairingisabout900yearsold.5.Lightissomesortofwave,whosenaturesomeofusdon`tunderstand.6.ThemountainwhosesummitweseenowisMt.Omei.7.ThemanwhosephotoIshowedyoulastnightwillbeheresoon.8.Thebookstellsthestoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthosewhoseliveswereaffected.9.Tom,inwhosehouseIhavelivedforthreeyears,isagoodfriendofmine.10.AncientRomewasacountrywhosecultureinfluencedthewesternworldforcenturies.11.IwishtothankProfessorSmith,withoutwhosehelpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.6.Passmethebookwhosecoverisblue.as：as引导定语从句有两种情况such…as…,thesame…as…句型修饰整个主句的非限制性定语从句1.Sheisnotthesamegirlasshewas.2.ThisisthesamedictionaryasIboughtyesterday.＊ThisisthesamedictionarythatIboughtyesterday.3.Jeffreyisnotsuchanintelligentpersonasyouthink.4.Suchpeopleashavemadegreatcontributionstotheworldshouldbegreatlyrespected.5.Youcantakeasmanybooksasyouneed.6.Hehasn`tsomuchmoneyasyouwant.7.Itwassuchadifficultproblemasfewpeoplecouldworkout.＊Itwassuchadifficultproblemthatfewpeoplecouldworkitout.8.Heisagreathero,asisdescribedinthereport.9.Aswehadexpected,theplanworkedoutwell.10.Theelephantislikeasnake,asanybodycansee.11.Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultohealth.(Asisknowntousall)12.Tomwaslateforschool,asisoftenthecase.13.Hewasunconscious,ascouldbejudgedfromhiseyes.14.Aswasmentionedabove,electrictrainshavemanyadvantagesoversteamtrains.15.AsEinsteinpointedout,massandenergyareinterchangeable.＊Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportantforus.＊Itrainedhardyesterday,whichpreventedmefromgoinghiking.＊Headmireseveryoneintheclass,whichIfindstrange.＊Hepretendednottoknowme,whichIdidn'tunderstand.＊TomsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,whichpersonallyIdoubtverymuch.＊AftergraduationhewenttomakealivinginCanada,whichturnedouttobeawisedecision.关系副词的用法when:指时间，在从句中作时间状语1.IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirsttraveledbyplane.2.He`llneverforgetthedaywhenhejoinedtheYouthLeague.(onwhich)3.Istillrememberthedayswhenwestayedtogetherinthecountryside.＊Istillrememberthedays(that/which)wespenttogetherinthecountryside.4.ShewenttoJapantwoyearsago,sincewhenIhaven`theardfromher.where:指地点，在从句中作地点状语1.Thisisthemountainvillagewheretheystayedlastyear.(inwhich)＊Thisisthemountainvillage(that/which)theyvisitedlastyear.2.Keepthekeyinaplacewhereyoucanfinditeasily.3.Thelittleboyhidhimselfbehindthedoor,fromwherehecouldseehismotherentertheroom.why:指原因或理由，先行词只有reason,在从句中作原因状语1.Doyouknowthereasonwhyherefusedouroffer?＊Thereason(that/which)hegaveforhisbeinglatewasunbelievable.非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句与先行词之间的关系非常密切，不用逗号与主句隔开。非限制性定语从句对先行词没有特别的限定作用，须用逗号与主句隔开，常由who,whom,whose,which,as,when,where引导，即使去掉，主句的意思依然清楚完整。运用非限制性定语从句的几种情况:一.关系代词指代整个主句内容时1.Theboywasawayfromhomeforaweek,whichworriedhisparentsalot.2.Thefirelastedforawholenight,whichcausedgreatdamage.3.Thebookisveryinteresting,asmostreaderssay.二.当先行词是世界上独一无二的事物或专有名词时1.Thesun,whichgivesoffagreatdealofheat,isagreatsourceofenergy.2.CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.3.Beijing,whichisanicecity,attractsmanytouristseveryday.三.先行词指的是某人只有一个亲属时（father,mother,son,daughter等）1.Hisfather,whoisateacher,isverystrictwithhim.2.Hermother,whoworksinShanghai,iscomingtoseehernextweek.3.Hissister,whoisaguide,hastra