系统解剖学PPT课件---肌学

Myology肌学王汉琴Ph.D,ProfessorDepartmentofAnatomy,HubeiUniversityofMedicine医学生学习网:motiveforcesystemJoints:axis/hingeTherearemorethan600skeletalmusclesinthehumanbody,whichtogetheraccountforabout40percentofaperson’sweight.Theskeletalmusclesproducetheskeletalmovement,maintainpostureandposition,supportsofttissue,andkeepbodytemperature.structureMusclebelly肌腹Tendon肌腱aponeurosis腱膜I.MorphologyandstructureofskeletalmuscleMorphologyLongmuscleShortmuscleFlatmuscleOrbicularmuscleII.Theorigin,insertion,andarchitectureoftheskeletalmuscleTheoriginandinsertionoftheskeletalmuscleArchitectureofmuscles肌的配布:原动肌、拮抗肌、协同肌、固定肌III.TheSupplementaryStructuresofMusclei.Fascia筋膜SuperficialfasciaDeepfasciaii.Synovialbursa滑膜囊iii.Tendinoussheath腱鞘FibrouslayerSynoviallayer:mesotendon腱系膜Sesamoidbone籽骨Section2TheMusclesoftheHeadThemusclesoftheheadcanbedividedintotwogroups:themusclesofthefacialexpressionandthemusclesofmastication.1.Thefacialmuscles面肌2.Themasticatorymuscles咀嚼肌themasseter咬肌thetemporalis颞肌themedialpterygoid翼内肌thelateralpterygoid翼外肌Section3TheMusclesoftheNeckBytheirsituationsthemusclesofneckaredividedintothreegroups:superficialandlateral（颈浅肌）anterior（颈前肌）deep（颈深肌）1.Theplatysma颈阔肌•Thesuperficialandlateralgroup2.Sternocleidomastoid胸锁乳突肌ActionTheheadisinclinedlaterallyandthefaceisrotatedtotheoppositeside;protractsheadwhenactingtogether.InsertionmastoidprocessOriginmanubriumsternumandclavicleTheanteriorgroup1.thesuprahyoidmusclesdigastric二腹肌mylohyoid下颌舌骨肌stylohyoid茎突舌骨肌Geniohyoid颏舌骨肌2.theinfrahyoidmusclessternohyoid胸骨舌骨肌omohyoid肩胛舌骨肌sternothyroid胸骨甲状肌thyrohyoid甲状舌骨肌Thedeepgroupscalenusanterior前斜角肌scalenusmedius中斜角肌scalenusposterior后斜角肌Scalenefissure(斜角肌间隙)TheMusclesofTrunkTheMusclesofBackTheMusclesofThoraxTheDiaphragmTheMusclesofAbdomenSection41.TheMusclesofBackThesemusclescanbedividedintotwolayers:thesuperficialandthedeeplayer.Thetrapezius（斜方肌）Thelatissimusdorsi(背阔肌)2.TheMusclesofThoraxPectoralismajor(胸大肌)Pectoralisminor(胸小肌)Serratusanterior(前锯肌)前锯肌Externalintercostals肋间外肌Internalintercostals肋间内肌ActionInsertionCentraltendonOriginVertebralCostalSternalAorticaperture主动脉裂孔-12ththoracicvertebraEsophagealaperture食管裂孔-10ththoracicvertebraVenacavalforamen腔静脉裂孔-8ththoracicvertebra4.TheMusclesofAbdomenAnterolateralgroupExternalabdominalobliqueInternalabdominalobliqueTransversusabdominisRectusabdominisPosteriorgroupPsoasmajor腰大肌Quadratuslumborum腰方肌腹外斜肌腹内斜肌腹横肌腹直肌1.Externalabdominaloblique腹外斜肌AponeuroticstructureInguinalligament腹股沟韧带lacunarligament腔隙韧带pectinealligament耻骨梳韧带superficialinguinalring腹股沟浅环•Anterolateralgroupinguinalligamentlacunarligamentpectinealligamentsuperficialinguinalring2.Internalabdominaloblique腹内斜肌conjointtendon腹股沟镰，联合腱3.Transversusabdominis腹横肌4.Rectusabdominis腹直肌Anteriorlayeraponeurosisoftheexternalandinternalabdominaloblique5.Sheathofrectusabdominis腹直肌鞘Posteriorlayeraponeurosisoftheinternalabdominalobliqueandtransversusabdominis6.Lineaalba白线Psoasmajor腰大肌Quadratuslumborum腰方肌•PosteriorgroupInguinalcanal腹股沟管TwoopeningsSuperficialinguinalring腹股沟浅环Deepinguinalring腹股沟深环BoundariesAnteriorwallPosteriorwallRoofFloorStructurespassingthroughtheinguinalcanalInguinalTriangle(ofHesselbach)腹股沟三角Thankyou！