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EnglishBasicTenses(时态)他每天都来。他昨天来了.他已经来了.他明天来.汉语借助词汇手段而非词的形态变化来表示动作的发生,而英语主要通过谓语动词时态变化来表现.任何句子都要先注意时态.Hecameyesterday.Hehascome.Hewillcometomorrow.Hecomeseveryday.语态时态主动一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时.过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成进行时v./v-s/esV-edwill+vwould+v.had+donehave/has+donehave/hasbeen+V-ingam/is/are+V-ingwas/were+V-ing一:一般现在时•定义:一般现在时。表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生的事件）的一种时间状态一般现在时的构成•1、主语+be动词+其他•2、主语+V原形+其他（do)•3、主语+Vs\es+其他(does)具体运用•1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。时间状语：always,usually,everymorning/night/evening/day/week/year,often,sometimes.twiceaweek\seldom\onceamonth\onSundays我每天努力学习，并且和我的同学相处融洽，但是有时我很想家IstudyhardeverydayandIgetalongwellwithmyclassmates,butsometimesImissmyfamilies.•2.表示客观事实和普遍真理。(☆注意★：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。)e.g老师说地球绕着太阳转Theteachersaidtheearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.具体运用具体运用3•3表示格言或警句中。•e.gPridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。例：Columbusprovedthattheearthisround..4）汽车、飞机、会议等按时刻表将要发生的事。Thetrainleavesatthreethisafternoon.Themeetingstartsat2:00p.m.5）在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时,即主将从现。Ifit___(be)finetomorrow,we_______(go)tothecountryside.Ifhe______(come)thisafternoon，we__________(have)ameeting.iswillgocomeswillhave1.如果主语是名词复数和第一人称I、we，谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动词原形表示：肯定句主语+动词原形+其他否定句主语+don't+动词原形+其他一般疑问句Do+主语+动词原形+其他例1)Weusuallygotoschoolat7:30.2)Myparentsgivetenyuantomysistereveryweek.•2.主语是任何一个单数名词或者是第三人称单数，谓语动词要进行必要的变化。特别提一点：不可数名词也算作单数处理。肯定句:主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句:主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他一般疑问句:Does+主语+动词原形+其他肯定回答:Yes，主语+does否定回答:No，主语+doesn't特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句1、一般动词，在词尾加s;如：work--works,live--lives,play--plays,sing--sings.eg:ShelivesinNingbo.她住在宁波。2、以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词词尾加-esteach------teaches,wash-----washes.go-----goespass----passesfix---fixeseg:Mymotherwashesthecoat.我母亲洗了大衣。动词变化规律3.以辅音字母加Y结尾的词，把Y变I在加ES，Studyflystudiesflies4.特殊情况：havehas1._____youhaveabook?ADoB.AreC.IsD.Have2.DoesLiLeiliketowatchTV?______________.A.Yes,helike.B.No,hedoesn’t.C.Yes,he’dlike.D.No,helikes.3.Shedoesn’t______herhomeworkintheafternoon.A.doingB.todoC.doesD.do4.How____Mr.Smith______toEngland?A.do,goB.is,goC.does,goD.does,goes5._____she______homeatsixeveryday?A.Is,leaveB.Does,leaveC.Is,leavesD.Does,left6.Iwant____homeworknow.A.doingB.todoC.todomyD.domy7.It'stime______.A.gotoschoolB.playgamesC.togohomeD.todomyhomeworks8．____you____theblackboard?Yes,Ican.A.Can,cleanB.Am,cleaningC.Are,cleaningD.Do,clean9．______goandhelpher.A.Let'smeB.Let'susC.Let'sD.Let'sto10.Dotheyhaveanewcar?Yes,_____.A.theyareB.theyhaveC.theydon'tD.theydo11.Heoften_________supperat6:00intheevening.A.haveB.hasC.ishavingD.iseating12.It’s6o’clockinthemorning.It’stime___________.A.getupB.getsupC.togetupD.getsup13.ThestudentswillgototheSummerPalaceifit_____tomorrow.A.don'trainB.doesn'trainC.won'trainD.isn’train14.Thepicture_______nice.A.looksB.islookedC.lookD.islooking15He’llstayinBeijingtillhisaunt___well.AwillgetBwillbeCgetsDremainsExample:I_______(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriends.Wealways________(play)footballandbasketballtogetherandwe_______(not)havesomuchhomeworktodoasnow.We_______(be)happyatthattime.spentplayeddidn’twere导入之二：Howdidyouspendyourchildhood?二：一般过去时1.定义:动词的一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作、情况或存在的状态。行为动词(即实义动词)的过去式没有人称和数的变化。I___12yearsoldthisyear.我去年11岁I____11yearsoldlastyear.He____inBeijingnow.他昨天在上海。He____inShanghaiyesterday.他现在在北京。Pleaselookatthesentences我今年12岁.amwasiswasThey____inChinatoday.他们今天在中国。They____inJapanyesterday.他们昨天在日本。areweream/iswasarewere每天，早餐我吃鸡蛋和牛奶。I____eggsandmilkforbreakfasteverymorning.昨天，早餐我吃面条。I____noodlesforbreakfastyesterdaymorning.他每天都吃水果。He_____fruiteveryday.昨天他吃了3个苹果。He_____3applesyesterday.have/hashadhavehashadhadIgetupat6:30everymorning.I___upat9:00lastSunday.Heplaysfootballeveryafternoon.He_____basketballyesterdayafternoon.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryevening.He____somereadinglastnight.动词原形、第三人称单数动词过去式gotplayeddid2:谓语构成1.动词be2.动词have,has3.助动词do,does4.行为动词用过去式was,werehaddid一般过去时以动词的过去式来表示，没有人称和数的变化.(was,were除外)Iwenttoschoolyesterday.Theywenttoschoolyesterday.一般过去时的谓语构成：由动词的过去式构成规则变化1.一般加ed2.以e结尾加dwork—workedchange—changed3.以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先改y为i,再加edstudy—studied4.不规则变化规则动词过去式-ed的发音1.在以清辅音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/t/work/w3:k/edt/2.在以浊辅音或原音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/d/play/pleI/live/lIv/edd/edd/3.在以/t/或/d/结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/Id/visit/’vIzIt/edId/finishedenjoyedshoutedmovedhelpedwantedcalledneeded/t//d//Id//d//d//t//Id//Id/1.在过去某一时间内发生的动作：Hegothomeatteno’clocklastnight.2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常与often，always等表示频度的间状语连用：Ioftengotupveryearlyatthattime.3:用法3.表示已故人所做的事情。ComradeLeiFengdidgooddeedsinhislife.雷锋同志做了一生的好事。4.表示过去所发生的一系列的动作,而这一系列的动作是从现在的角度来考虑的,不是从动作相互之间的关系这一角度来考虑的。MissLiugotupatseveno’clockthismorning,dressed,hadbreakfast,andwenttowork.1.与ago连用：amomenttwominutesthreehoursfivedaysoneweeksixmonthsfouryearsago4.用于一般过去时的时间状语lasttimenightweekmonthtermMondayyesterdaymorningafternooneveningthedaybeforeyesterday2.与last连用3.与yesterday连用：4.与one连用：onemorningeveningdayMondayafternoon5.与that连用：thatmorningwinterdayyearjustnowintheolddaysinthosedaysin1980theotherdayatthattimeonceuponatime6.其他时间状语：1.____you________(remember)tobuytheorangesyesterday?2.Who________(invent)thecomputer.3