湿法磷酸的脱氟研究

第30卷第5期2001年10月贵州工业大学学报(自然科学版)JOURNALOFGUIZHOUUNIVERSITYOFTECHNOLOGY(NaturalScienceEdition)Vol.30No.5October.2001:10090193(2001)05006005湿法磷酸的脱氟研究傅亚男1,王华2,汤敏3,汤德元1(1.贵州工业大学化工系;2.中国科学院地球化学研究所;3.贵州工业大学理化分析中心,贵州贵阳550003):用正交实验方法研究了添加剂及其量添加方式温度等对湿法磷酸脱氟和回收氟硅酸钠的影响结果表明,添加剂最好采用碳酸钠,添加剂量以110-120%理论用量为宜,添加方式采用干粉好些,温度宜低些:氟;净化;回收;湿法磷酸:TQ126.3:A0,,3.4,13.4,,,20-25%.,,1P2O5,20%.,,,,,,,,,,,1,P2O5/F8-20,:Ca10F2(PO4)+20H+=6H3PO4+10Ca2++2HF:(H)(F)/(HF)=10-3.2:6HF+SiO2=H2SiF6=SiF62-+2H+,,,,,,298K7.62g/L,,298K1.77g/L.,333K:(Na+)2(SiF62-)=50010-6:2001-05-17:1998,198图1磷酸浓度和温度对氟硅酸钠(实线)和氟硅酸钾(虚线)溶解度的影响1,30%P2O5,346K:(Na+)2(SiF62-)=19410-6,,,35%P2O5,,35%P2O5,,,,,298K0.04175%,pH,F-Na+,0.0163g/L,,,,22.1,,,2.2,,2.04%.2.3L4(23),80%120%.296K313K.2.4314.,,97%,97%61第5期傅亚男,等:湿法磷酸的脱氟研究1/%/%/%Na2CO38077.4856.1Na2CO312082.8162.2Na2SO48073.4152.5Na2SO412081.0961.52/%/%/%8077.4856.112082.8162.28064.5351.812077.2661.83/K/%/%/%2968077.4856.129612082.8162.23138071.6253.131312080.7361.43.11,4,,46,,,:Na2CO3+H2SiF6=Na2SiF6+CO2+H24Fj8.381/4.62218.381/4.6226.07/2.20(*)/-42.315/57.002142.315/57.00230.65/27.11(*)/(*)1.381/2.10211.381/2.102:,F0.25(1,1)=5.835Fj85.56/5.52185.56/5.526.25/1.45(*)/-81.54/64.80181.54/64.805.96/17.04(*)/(*)13.69/3.80113.69/3.80:,F0.25(1,1)=5.8362贵州工业大学学报(自然科学版)2001年6Fj15.76/3.61115.76/3.614.41/2.98-/-52.13/51.84152.13/51.8414.59/42.84(*)/*3.57/1.2113.57/1.21:,F0.10(1,1)=39.86,,,,,,:2NaCl+H2SiF6=Na2SiF6+2HClNa2SO4+H2SiF6=Na2SiF6+H2SO4,,,23.,,,,,,,,,图2除氟率与添加剂量的关系图3氟硅酸钠产率与添加剂量的关系3.22,5,63第5期傅亚男,等:湿法磷酸的脱氟研究,,P2O5,,,,,,,,P2O5,,2,,3.3,6.1,,,4,,,,,,,110-120%,,:[1].[M].:,1988.[2].[J]..1984,(6):12-16.[3],.[J].,1992,(2):45-49.[4],.[J].,1998,(2):10-11.[5].[J].,1992,(1):47-51.[6]AharonEyal,etal.Wetprocessphosphoricaciddefluorinationbyamine-basedextractants[J].Solventextractionandionexchange,1984,2(4&5):659-675.[7],.[J].,1996,34(5):49-52.StudyofFluorinePurificationofWet-ProcessPhosphoricAcidFUYanan1,WANGHua2,TANGMin3,TANGDeyuan1(1.DepartmentofChemicalEngineering,GUT,Guiyang550003,China;2.GeochemicalInstitute,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Guiyang550003,China;3.PhysicsandChemistryResearchCenter,GUT,Guiyang550003,China)Abstract:Thispaperstudiestheeffectofadditiveanditsquantity,additivefashion,andtemperatureonremovalratiooffluorineandyieldoffluosilicatesodium.Theresultshowthatitisbettertousesodiumcarbonateasadditive,in110-120%ofitstheoryquantity,indrypowderform,andatalowertemperature.Keywords:fluorine;purification;recover;wet-processphosphoricacid64贵州工业大学学报(自然科学版)2001年