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Module2Unit1GrammarandusagePresentperfecttenseandpresentcontinuoustenseTask1:现在完成时的概念及构成:have/has+过去分词概念：现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。即“过去+现在”构成：Task2:现在完成时的用法：1.表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just，already，yet等副词修饰。1)她丢失了她的书.She_____________herbooks.2)我们刚好打扫了教室。We_________________theclassroom.3)我还没有完成我的作业。I_________________myhomeworkyet.Practice:haslosthavejustcleanedhaven’tfinished2.表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般汉语译为“过”，常带有twice,ever,never,threetimes等时间状语。Translation(Pairwork)①Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.②Haveyoueverriddenahorse?③WehavebeentotheGreatWallmanytimes.我之前从未听过那件事。你曾经骑过马吗？我们已去过长城多次。3.表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，也可能仍在进行。常和for，since，inthepast/inthelast…,allthisweek,sofar，uptonow等表示一段时间的状语连用。①I_____________(notsee)herthesedays.②She____________(learn)Englishfor3years.③They_____________(live)heresince1990.④What_____________(happen)totheUSAinthelast350years?⑤I__________(hear)nothingfromheruptonow.Fillintheblanks:haven’tseenhaslearnthavelivedhashappened•注意：表示短暂动作的词，如come,go,arrive,leave,die,marry,buy,join等的完成时不能与for,since等表示一段时间的短语连用。haveheard他已经参军三年了。Hehasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears.=Hejoinedthearmythreeyearsago.=Itis/hasbeenthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.Translation:4.下列句型中常用现在完成时。1)Itis/hasbeen+段时间+since+从句(过去时)2)This/Itisthefirst/second/…timethat+现在完成时3)This/That/Itisthebest/finest/mostinteresting+n.…+that+现在完成时e.g.It’s/Ithasbeen3yearssincetheygotmarried.It’sthefirsttimethatIhavebeentotheGreatWall.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveseen.Exercise:(Groupwork)ReadthediaryentryandthencompleteitusingthecorrectformsoftheverbsinbracketsonP8.Answers:(2)saw(3)hasvisited(4)loves(5)hasn’tvisited(6)hasseen(7)hasnevermet(8)hastravelled(9)hasfound(10)hasn’tfound(11)Has,beenComparisonsPresentperfecttenseSimplepasttenseTask31‘_____you_____mypen?’‘Yes,I_______itonyourdeskjustnow.’(see)2‘_____you____dinner?’‘Yes,I____itwithMary.’(have)3_____thepostman_____yetthismorning?____thepostman_____thismorning?(come)HaveHavehadDidHasThepresentperfecttenseandthesimplepasttenseseencomecomehadsaw归纳：区分:一般过去时与现在完成时*时间上有差异：凡有具体的过去时间，均用一般过去时，不能用现在完成时，如：ago,lastyear,justnow,theotherday等。*结果上有差异：现在完成时强调的是“现在”的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续；一般过去时强调的动作发生在过去，和现在没有关系。1.---____you____himaroundthemuseumyet?---Yes.Wehadagreattimethere.A.Have;shownB.Do;showC.Had;shownD.Did;show2.--Howistheoldmannow?--Sorry,he_____thoughtheydidalltheycouldtosavehim.A.wasdeadB.haddiedC.hasbeendeadD.died3..Shesaidshewouldtelephonebutwe___fromhersofar.A.haven’theardB.didn’thearC.hadn’theardD.won’thear4.Thetrainhadgonewhenmybrother____atthestation.A.havearrivedB.arrivedC.hadarrivedD.amarrivingADABTask4:现在完成进行时的概念及构成:have/hasbeen+现在分词(doing)现在完成进行时是一兼有现在完成时和现在进行时二者基本特点的时态。由于它有现在完成时的特点，所以它可以表示某一动作对现在产生的结果或影响。由于它有现在进行时的特点，所以它也可以表示某一动作的延续性、临时性、重复性、生动性乃至感情色彩。Task5:现在完成进行时的用法：1.表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在，这个动作可能已经结束，也可能将继续下去。Practice:1)我一直等了你两个小时。I__________________foryoufortwohours.2)雨已经下了三个小时了。It___________________forthreehours.havebeenwaitinghasbeenraining2.有些不能用现在进行时态的动词，如be，have,like，love，know，see，hear等，同样也不能用现在完成进行时，而只能用现在完成时。1)她已经病了好久了She____________foralongtime.2)我好久没有见到你了I________________youforages.hasbeenillhavenotseenExercise:(Groupwork)ReadthewebsiteofDrFrankandthencompleteitusingthecorrecttenseonP9.havebeenobservinghavebeentalkinghavebeentakinghaveseenhavebeenwriting1990-present:Cropcirclesaresointeresting1990-present:Cropcirclesaresointerestingtostudy!I(4)cropcirclestoo.havebeenstudyingComparisonsPresentperfecttensePresentperfectcontinuoustenseTask61.现在完成时侧重动作的完成性；现在完成进行时侧重动作的进行性。Wehavereadthenovel.Wehavebeenreadingthenovel.我们已经读完了这部小说。（已读完）我们一直在读这部小说。（一直在读）2.现在完成进行时比较生动.含有明显的感情色彩，而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实，没有什么感情色彩可言。Whathaveyoubeendoing？（a）Whathaveyoudone？（b）（a）句表示惊异。（b）句只是一个问题。RecentlyMaryhasbeendoingherworkregularly.（a）RecentlyMaryhasdoneherworkregularly.(b)（a）句显然是在表扬玛丽。（b）只说明一个事实。1.Thecountrylifehewasusedto_____greatlysince1992.A.changeB.haschangedC.hadchangedD.changed2.We_____ourneighborsyet,sowedon’tknowtheirnames.A.don’tmeetB.won’tmeetC.haven’tmetD.hadn’tmetII.MultipleChoice:3.—Doyouknowourtownatall?—No,thisisthefirsttimeI_____here.A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming4.I’mterriblysorryforbeinglate,butI_____thewrongbus.A.catchB.hadcaughtC.caughtD.catching9.―_____DavidandVicky_____married?―Foraboutthreeyears.A.Howlongwere;beingB.Howlonghave;gotC.Howlonghave;beenD.Howlongdid;get10.They______thishousethreeyearsagoandthey______heresincethen.A.buy;livedB.bought;livedC.bought;havelivedD.havebought;havelived11.She______hermother’sworksinceshewasadmittedintohospital.A.isdoingB.hasbeendoingC.hasdoneD.hasbeendone12._______thatdresswhenIfirstsawyouatthestation?A.WereyouwearingB.HaveyouwornC.DidyouwearD.Doyouwear13.―Katedoesn’tlookverywell.What’swrongwithher?―Shehasaheadachebecauseshe___toolong;sheoughttostopwork.A.hasbeenreadingB.hadreadC.isreadingD.wasreading14.“Tellthestudentstostopshouting.We____ouressays.”A.writeB.havebeenwritingC.arewritingD.havewritten15.---Theformerpresidentwascaughtatlast.---Really?Where________himself?A.hadhehiddenB.hashehiddenC