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江苏省2018年五年一贯制高职“专转本”考试英语统考试卷（90分钟）I.ReadingComprehensionPassageOneTheTVplayZhengHeisbroadcastedonCCTVandthegreatChinesetravelercomesgraduallybacktous.Itremindsusofalotofexcitement.ZhengHe,theColumbusoftheeast,wasanamazingman.Hewasbornin1371and,11yearslater,wascaughtbythearmyofarichyoungmancalledZhuDiandmadetowordforhim.OvertimetherichmansawthatZhengHewasverycleverandstrongandtheybecameclosefriends.In1403,ZhuDiwasmadethekingofChinaandaskedZhengHetojoinhisnewgovernment.TheKingwantedtolearnmoreabouttheworldandshowothercountrieshispower.HeorderedmanynewshipstobebuiltandmadeZhengHetheleader.Between1405and1433,heledsevenseashipstodifferentpartsoftheworld.HecertainlytraveledtoIndia,AfricaandtheMiddleEast.SomepeopleinsistthathisshipsmayhaveevenreachedSouthAfricaandAustralia.Eachtriplastedbetweentwoandfouryearsanditisbelievedhesailedmorethan50,000kilometersduringhistravels.With28,000menandover300ships,suchasboatsforfood,waterandevensoldiers’horses,ZhengHeledafleetwhosesizewouldnotbeequaledbyEuropeansforover500years.Onthesetrips,hebroughtwithhimmanyChinesegoodslikesilkandmedicinetogivetotheforeignkingsortosellforlocalgoods.Hereturnedfromeachtripwithboatsfilledwithexpensivethingssuchasgoldandjewellery,foreignguestsandstrangeanimalslikeagiraffe.ItisapitythatwemayneverlearneverythingaboutZhengHe’stravels.Afterhediedin1433,thenewking,whothoughtthesetripswereunluckyandcosttoomuch,hadthemstoppedandheburnedalmostallthebooksaboutZhengHe’stravels.Itisonlyinthelast50years,thathistorianshavecarefullystudiedtheadventuresofthegreatZhengHe.1.WhydidtheChineseKingorderZhengHetosailtomanydifferentcountries?A.TobringnewcountriesunderthecontrolofChina.B.Toshowtheworldhispower.C.Toreceivegiftsfromthekingsofothercountries.D.Todiscoverunusualanimals.2.WhatdoweknowaboutZhengHefromthepassage?A.Hesailedacrosstheworld.B.Eachofthetripslastedoneyear.C.Hediedattheageof62.D.Hewasasuccessfulsoldier.3.WhichofthefollowingdidZhengHebringwithhimfromChina?A.GoldB.JewelleryC.MedicineD.Giraffes4.WhathappenedafterZhengHedied?A.Hewasforgottenforever.B.Hisshipswerealldestroyed.C.ThenewkingwroteabookabouthimD.Seatripstoforeigncountrieswerestopped.5.Inwhatorderdidthefollowinghappen?a.ZhuDibecometheKing.b.ZhengHewascaughtbysoldiers.c.ThebooksaboutZhengHewereallburned.d.ForeignerswereinvitedtoChina.e.ZhengHevisitedIndia.f.Newshipswerebuilt.A.e-b-a-f-d-cB.b-a-e-d-c-fC.f-a-b-d-c-eD.b-a-f-e-d-cPassageTwoWhenJohnwasgrowingup,otherkidsfeelsorryforhim.Hisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegarden,carryingouttherubbishanddeliveringnewspapers.ButwhenJohnreachedadulthood,hewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodplaymates.Hehadmorejobsatisfaction,abettermarriageandwashealthier.Mostofall,hewashappier.Farhappier.Thesearethefindingsofa40-yearstudythatfollowedthelivesof456teenageboysfromBoston.Thestudyshowedthatthosewhohadworkedasboysenjoyedhappierandmoreproductivelivesthanthosewhohadnot.“Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence(能力)andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety,”saidGeorgeVaillant,thepsychologist(心理学家)whomadethediscovery,“Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves,othersfeltgoodaboutthem.”Vaillant’sstudyfollowedthesemalesingreatdetail.Interviewswererepeatedatages25,31and47.UnderVaillant,theresearcherscomparedthemen’smental-healthscoreswiththeirboyhood-activityscores.Scoresweregiventosuchthingsaspart-timejobs,housework,effortinschool,andabilitytodealwithproblems.Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddownasboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisinglysharp.Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeople,fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployed.TheresearchersalsofoundthatIQandfamilysocialandeconomicclassmadenorealdifferenceinhowtheboysturnedout.Working–atanyage–isimportant.Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibility,independence,confidenceandcompetence–theunderpinnings(基础)ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustcooperateandworktowardcommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.Yetworkisn’teverything.AsTolstoyoncesaid“Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolove,toworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone’swork.”6.WhatdoweknowaboutJohn?A.Heenjoyedhiscareerandmarriage.B.Hehadfewchildhoodplaymates.C.Hereceivedlittlelovefromhisfamily.D.Hewasenviedbyothersinhischildhood.7.Vaillant’swordsinParagraph2serveas__________.A.adescriptionofpersonalvaluesandsocialvaluesB.ananalysisofhowworkwasrelatedtocompetenceC.anexampleforparents’expectationsoftheirchildrenD.anexplanationwhysomeboysgrewintohappymen8.Vaillant’steamobtainedtheirfindingsby__________.A.recordingtheboys’effortinschoolB.evaluatingthemen’smentalhealthC.comparingdifferentsetsofscoresD.measuringthemen’sproblem-solvingability9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sharp”probablymeaninParagraph4?A.quicktoreactB.havingathinedgeC.clearanddefiniteD.suddenandrapid10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Competentadultsknowmoreaboutlovethanwork.B.Emotionalhealthisessentialtoawonderfuladultlife.C.Lovebringsmorejoytopeop