Unit1《Cultural relics》知识与要点

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话题1.Culturalrelicsprotection(文化遗产保护)2.FamousculturalrelicsinChinaandabroad(国内外著名的文化遗产)功能1.Askingforopinions(征求意见)2.Givingopinions(发表看法)语法TheRestrictiveandNonRestrictiveAttributiveClause(限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句)重点单词valuable,survive,amaze,select,decorate,worth,rare,dynasty,design,fancy,style,jewel,local,reception,remove,doubt,trial,explode,entrance,sink,evidence,debate重点短语belongto,insearchof,inreturn,atwar,takeapart,thinkhighlyof,lookinto,removesth.from...to...,lessthan,ratherthan重点句型1.FrederickWilliamI,theKingofPrussia,couldneverhaveimaginedthatthisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.2.ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforKnigsberg,whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.3.NordoIthinktheyshouldgiveittoanygovernment.4.He/sheonlycaresaboutwhethertheeyewitnesshasgiventhetrueinformation,whichmustbefactsratherthanopinions.1.survivevt.比……活得长;经历某遭遇后幸存,从……中逃生;vi.活下来,幸存;继续生存或存在归纳拓展survivesth.在……之后仍然生存,从……中逃生AsurviveB(by...)A比B活得时间长(多长时间……)surviveon靠……存活下来survivefrom从……存活下来,流传下来ThosewhosurvivedtheYushuearthquakehavereceivedtimelyaid.那些在玉树地震中幸存下来的人们得到了及时的帮助。Shesurvivedherhusbandbyafewyears.她比她丈夫多活了几年。Manystrangecustomshavesurvivedfromearliertimes.有许多古怪的习俗是从早年流传下来的。归纳拓展survivorn.幸存者survivaln.[U]幸存,存活;[C]过去时代留存下来的人、物、风俗、信仰等;遗迹;遗风;旧思想ThePolandpresidentialplanecrashedinanareaofdensejungle.Therewerenosurvivors.波兰总统的专机坠落在一个丛林茂密的地区。无人生还。【链接训练】①Thefirefighterhelpedtheoldman____thebigfire.A.surviveB.survivingC.surviveinD.survives【解析】helpsb.dosth.意为“帮某人做……”,survive在此为及物动词,意为“从……中幸存”。【答案】A②Thewoundedsoldier________theoperationandisrecoveringhishealthnow.A.didB.survivedC.succeededD.failed【解析】考查动词词义辨析。survive“经历……后依然活着”。句意为:这名受伤的战士挺过了手术,现在正在康复之中。【答案】B2.selectvt.挑选adj.挑选出的,精选的,极好的归纳拓展(1)selectsth.挑选出某物selectsb.todo推选某人做……selectwine上乘的酒(2)selectionn.挑选,选择;精选品,选集makeaselection作出选择(=makeachoice)(3)selectiveadj.认真选择的beselectiveabout...对……认真选择Iselectedsomepostcardsandpostedthemtomyclosefriends.我挑选了一些明信片,然后寄给我亲密的朋友。Simonhasbeenselectedtomakeaspeechattheopeningceremony.西蒙被推选出在开幕式上致辞。We'reveryselectiveaboutwhatweletthechildrenwatchonTV.对于让孩子们看哪些电视节目我们是经过认真选择的。同类辨析choose,select,pick与pickout(1)choose普通用词,通常指在所提供的对象中,经过考虑后,凭个人判断力进行选择。(2)select精心挑选,(经过认真思考)挑选出。(3)pick相当于choose,但比choose更通俗。(4)pickout按个人喜好或希望进行挑选,多用于挑选有形的东西。【链接训练】He________apairofsockstomatchhissuit.A.selectedB.electedC.chosefromD.pickedup【解析】句意为:他精心挑选出与他的衣服相配的一双袜子。select“精心挑选”;elect“选举”;choosefrom“从……中进行挑选”;pickup“拾起,偶然学会”等。【答案】A3.designvt.&vi.设计,构思,谋划;目的是n.图样,图案,图纸[U]设计,构思;意图;(pl.)不良意图;图谋归纳拓展(1)bydesign故意地(=onpurpose)indesign在设计上(2)designdoing/todosth.打算做某事designsth.for...指定某物做某种用途designsb.todo打算让某人从事某职业(3)bedesignedfor...被打算用来……bedesignedtodo...被打算用来做……,目的是做……bedesignedas为……目的或用途Whetherthishappenedbydesignornotweshallneverknow.我们将永远无法得知这事是不是有意安排的。Thelandisdesignedforapark/tobeapark.这块地打算用来建公园。Thiscourseisdesignedasanintroductiontothesubject.这门课程是作为该科目的入门课而设计的。Hisfatherdesignedhimtobealawyer.他父亲打算让他当律师。Theyaskedmetodesignaposterforthecampaign.他们请我为这次运动设计一张海报。【链接训练】Whetherbyaccidentorby________,hearrivedtoolatetohelpus.A.purposeB.aimC.designD.chance【解析】byaccident意为“偶然地”,bydesign意为“故意地”。句意为:不管是偶然还是故意,在帮助我们这件事上,他来得太晚了。【答案】C4.fancyadj.奇特的;异样的vt.想象;设想;爱好n.想象;爱好归纳拓展(1)fancyclothes奇装异服fancygoods精美小商品(2)fancy+n.+(tobe)+n.fancy+n.+(as)+n.认为……是……fancy(sb.'s)doing想象(某人)做某事fancythat以为/认为……(3)haveafancyfor爱好catch/takesb.’sfancy合某人的心意;吸引某人takeafancytosb./sth.喜欢上某人/物;爱上某人/物Doyoufancygoingtothecinemathisevening?今晚你想不想去看电影?WefancyLiuXiang(as/tobe)anexcellentplayer.我们认为刘翔是位优秀的运动员。Shefanciedthatsheheardfootstepsbehindher.她觉得好像听到身后有脚步声。Didanythingtakeyourfancy?你看中了什么吗?温馨提示fancy用作动词,有时用于祈使句,表示惊奇、不相信、震惊等,后加名词、代词作宾语,如Fancymeetingyouhere!想不到在这儿遇见你!【链接训练】Heusuallyappearstobehonest.Whocanfancy________suchathing?A.hisdoB.hisdoingC.histodoD.doing【解析】fancysb'sdoingsth.“想像某人做某事”。【答案】B5.removevt.移动;搬开;脱掉(=takeoff);去掉,消除(=getridof);免职归纳拓展removesth.from...to...将某物从……移走/移到……removeone'scoat/hat脱下衣服/摘下帽子removesb.fromone'spositionaschairman撤去某人的主席职务Willyouremoveyourbooksfrommydesk?把你的书从我书桌上搬走好吗?Pleaseremoveyourhatbeforeyouentertheroom.在你进屋之前先拿下帽子。Hewasremovedfromthepost.他被解雇了。同类辨析move与removemove,remove都可表示“移动,搬动”之意。当表示“搬家,搬家具”时,它们意思相当,但表示(其他)“移动”时二者有区别:(1)move是一般用语,指由一地移到另一地。强调位置的改变。(2)remove特别强调“拿走,除掉”或“撤去”的含义,去掉的方式不限。Wearemoving/removingfromShanghaitoBeijing.我们正从上海迁往北京。【链接训练】Whatdoyouadvisefor________inkfrommyclothes?A.movingB.removingC.gettingD.bringing【解析】考查动词remove的用法。句意为:你有什么办法除去我衣服上的Wearemoving/removingfromShanghaitoBeijing.我们正从上海迁往北京。墨渍?remove“去掉,除掉”,相当于getridof。【答案】B6.doubtn.&vt.怀疑;疑惑;不信归纳拓展(1)indoubt不肯定的;怀疑;拿不准no/withoutdoubt无疑的;必定的;当然beyonddoubt毫无疑问throw/castdoubton使人对某事产生怀疑(2)doubt用作动词,在否定句和疑问句中,doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句,在肯定句中,doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。(3)doubt用作名词,在否定句中,后面接that引导的同位语从句,在肯定句中,后面接whether引导的同位语从句,注意不可以用if替换whether。(4)Idon'tdoubtthat...我确信……Idoubtwhether/if...我怀疑……(5)Thereisnodoubtthat­clauseabout...毫无疑问……Thereissomedoubtwhether...有疑问……Nodoubtshe'llcalluswhenshegetsthere.她到达那儿时必定会给我们打电话。Idoubtedwhetherhewouldarrivehereontime.我怀疑他是否能按时到这里。Idon'tdoubtthathec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