unit 3 My friend, Albert Einstein

Unit3Myfriend,ElbertEinsteinNicoleMyfriend,ElbertEinsteinPre-classactivityRelatedinformationOrganizationanalysisWordsandlanguagepointsWritingSkillsOralActivitiesExercisesinworkbookPre-classactivities:1.Supposeyouaregoingtointroduceafriendofyourstoyourclassmates,whataspectsofthispersonwillyouchoosetoincludeinyourdescription?2.ThenameofAlbertEinsteinisknowntoeveryoneofus.Howmuchcanyoutellabouthimoff-hand?Howmuchdoyouknowabouthimasagreatscientistandasaman?3.TheauthorofthisarticleisafriendandcollegeofEinstein’s.whatdoyouexpecthimtotellusaboutEinsteininthisarticle?ThetextismainlyaboutEinsteinpersonalityandhisincomparablecontributionstoscience.ItisinevitablethatmentionmustbemadeofEinstein’stheoryofrelativityandhisotherachievementsinmathematicsandphysicswhich,however,areverydifficultforlayman（外行人）tounderstandandexplain.Forthisreason,onlyverybriefnotesaregiventothetechnicalterms.WhatismoreimportantaboutthetextisadescriptionofEinsteinconcerninghis“knackforgoinginstinctivelytotheheartofamatter”（凭本能抓住事物本质的技巧）(Line5-6),his“utternaturalness”(Line,17-18),the“fantasticintensityanddepthofhisconcentration”（考虑问题的强度和深度都是奇妙无比）(Line,46),the“revolutionaryideas”(Line,95)aboutmathematicsandphysics,etc.Thereismuchtolearnfromthelanguageofthetext,too.Mainidea:Thisprofile(short,vividbiography,brieflyoutliningaperson’smostoutstandingcharacteristics:hisability,personality,orcareer人物简介)ismainlyaboutEinstein’spersonalityandhisincomparablecontributionstoscience.Purpose:Illustratingwithanecdotessomecharacteristicfeaturesofbothasamanandasascientist.Austriancomposer,oneoftheworld’sgreatestmusicalgeniuses，wrotemasterpiecesineverybranchofmusic.Duringhisshortlife,Mozartcomposedagreatvolumeofmusic.His789compositionsincludeoperas,symphonies(交响乐）,concertos（协奏曲）,quartets（四重奏）forthepianoandforstringedinstrumentsandsonatas（奏鸣曲）forbothpianoandviolin.Hismusichasdelicatebeautyandisalwaysfreshandpleasingtotheear.Relatedinformation:1.WolfgangAmadeusMozart:（1756-1791）Germancomposer,wasoneofmusic’sgreatestgeniuses.Hisworkshavearareoforiginality,emotionaldepth,andexpressivepower.Hewasknownforhisninesymphonies,pianoconcertosandsonatas,andstringquartets（弦乐四重奏）.MostofBeethoven’scompositionswerewrittenintheclassicalformsestablishedbyhispredecessorsMozartandHaydn,soheissometimesconsideredthelastgreatcomposerintheclassicaltradition.Buthealsoremoldedandexpandedtheoldformsandinfusedthemwithahighlypersonalintensityofemotion,soheisalsoreferredtoasthefirstoftheRomantics.2.LudwigvanBeethoven:(1770-1827),3.TheNobelPrize:AlfredBernhardNobel(1838-1896),adistinguishedSwedishchemistandindustrialist,providedfortheawardofNobelPrize.Heexperimentedwithdifferentkindsofexplosivessuchasnitroglycerin[ˌnaɪtrəʊ‘ɡlɪsərɪn]（硝酸甘油）anddynamite（黄色炸药）,bothdeadlyexplosives.However,hewasapacifistandhefearedthathisinventionsmightfurtherwarfare.Inhiswillheleftabout$9,000,000inafundtorewardthosewhodidmostforhisfellowmaninscience,literature,andpeace.Inhiswill,hespecifiedthattheinterestaccrued/increasedbythefund“beannuallydistributedintheformofprizestothosewhoduringtheprecedingyear,shallhaveconferredthegreatestbenefitonmankind”inthefieldofphysics,chemistry,physiologyormedicine,literature,andpeace,regardlessofnationality.Organization:Part1(Para.1-4):Simplicity–theessenceofEinsteinPart2(Para.5—7):someinformationabouthiseducationandacademicachievementsPart3(Para.8—11):AportraitofEinsteinatworkPart4(Para.12—13):Hisloveofmusicandtheinspirationhedrewfromit,especiallyfromMozarteansimplicityPart5(Para.14-16):TherevolutionaryandthuscontroversialnatureofhisideasPart6(Para17—18):Hispoliticalstance,especiallywithregardtotheatombombPart7(para19):ChildlikeinnocencePart1(Para.1-4):Simplicity–theessenceofEinstein1.Howdoestheauthorproposehismainideainthispart?Directly.2.WhydoestheauthorthinkSimplicityistheessenceofEinstein?WhatdoesSimplicitymeanaccordingtotheauthor?Fromtheanecdote.Goinginstinctivelytotheheartofamatter3.FromthetwoanecdotesrelatedinPara.2-4,whatimpressionofEinsteinhaveyougot?Fromwhatdetails?Hedidn’tcaremuchabouthisappearance.\Hewasamodestperson,neverthinkinghimselfanysuperiortoormoreauthoritativethanothersbecauseofhisfameandachievementsasgreatscientistofthetime.Details:--3.dressedinill-fittingclothes,hishaircharacteristicallyawry,hesmiledawarmwelcome.Hisutternaturalnessatoncesetmeatease.--4:thencamethestaggering–andaltogetherendearing–request:…,hesaiditgently,…allvestigesoffearweregone.1.conveytheessenceof….A:makeknown(ideas,viewsfeelings,etc)toanotherpersonExamples:1.Maryaskedmetoconvey\extendhergratitudetoyou.2.Hisrecentbookconveystoushisoutlook(attitude)onlife.3.Ineveryoneofherpicturessheconveysasenseofimmediacy...她拍的每一张照片中都传递出一种临场感，使人有如亲临现场。4.Healsoconveyedhisviewsandtheviewsofthebureaucracy.他也表达了自己的看法和官方的看法Languagepointsandwords2020/2/13B:carrysomething(fromoneplacetoanother).Example:Pipesconveyheatfromthecentralheatingsystemtoeverypartofthebuilding.Aconveyorbelt(传送带)isamechanicalcontrivanceforcarryingheavyarticlesofgoodsfromoneplacetoanother.2.wou