高三英语非谓语动词讲解

Non-finiteverbs1.Gerund(doing)2.Infinitive(todo)3.Participlepresentparticiple(-ing)pastparticiple(-ed)动名词与不定式的用法区别I.只用动名词1.动词“张惠妹啊不食肯德基”动名词与不定式的用法区别I.只用动名词2.词组（介词to）beaccustomedto,beusedto,getusedto习惯于objectto,beopposedto反对keepto,stickto坚持bedevotedto致力于,leadto导致，lookforwardto盼望，seeto照料，payattentionto注意3．句型Itisnouse/gooddoingsth.Itisworth/worthlessdoingsth.havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.bebusy(in)doingsth.spendsometime(in)doingsth.动名词与不定式的用法区别II.不定式与动名词无区别startbegincontinue[注意]下列情况中begin和start后须接不定式主语是物不是人Springcameon,andthesnowbegantomelt.begin和start用于进行时态It’sbeginningtosnow.后接表示心理活动或状态的动词，如：understand,realize,knowIbegantorealizehowstupidIwas.后接不定式被动式Thenewtypeofcomputerbegantobedevelopedinthe1980’s.动名词与不定式的用法区别III.不定式与动名词区别细微lovehatelikedislike后接动名词表示经常性的动作，后接不定式表示具体的特定的动作Ilikeswimminginsummer.Ididn’tliketoswimthatday.动名词与不定式的用法区别IV.不定式与动名词区别很大rememberforgetregrettrymeanstopgooncan’thelpIremembervisitinghisparentswhenIwenttothetown.I’llremembertovisithisparentswhenIgotothetown.He’sforgottenswitchingoffthelight.Heforgottoswitchoffthelightwhenheleft.Iregretsayingthosewords.IregrettosaythatIcan’tcometonight.Hetriedteachingthechildreninanewway.Hetriedtoteachthechildrenasmuchashecould.动名词与不定式的用法区别IV.不定式与动名词区别很大rememberforgetregrettrymeanstopgooncan’thelpMissingthetrainmeansgivingupagoodchance.Hemeanttostayintownforanothertwodays.Thecouplestoppedquarrellingwhenastrangercame.Thecouplestoppedtoanswerthedoor.Hepausedandthenwentonexplainingthetext.Afterfinishingapopsong,hewentontosingafolksong.I’mafraidIcan’thelpseeyourauntoffattheairport.Ican’thelplaughingasthestoryissofunny.动名词与不定式的用法区别V.后接动名词主动式和不定式被动式，表示被动的意义needwantrequiredeserve(worth只能用主动)Poorfarmingmethodsrequireimproving/tobeimproved.VI.forbid,allow,permit,advisedoingsb.todosth.VII.beafraidofdoing害怕做某事beafraidtodosth.不敢做某事Theboywasafraidtogobackhomebecausehewasafraidofbeingscoldedbyhisfather.动名词与不定式的用法区别VIII.动词不定式省略to1．在感官动词后see,watch,notice,observe,lookathear,listentofeel,smell在使役动词后let,make,have[注意]如果使用的是被动结构，则to不能省略Isawhimleavetheroom.Hewasseentoleavetheroom.seesb.do/doingsth.have的用法让，要havesb.dosth.=havesth.doneIhavehimrepairmywatch.=Ihavemywatchrepaired.havesb./sth.doingIhadmycarwaitingoutside.Iwon’thaveyousmoking.有havesth.todo比较：havesomeclothestowash自己洗havesomeclothestobewashed别人洗动名词与不定式的用法区别VIII.动词不定式省略to2．词组hadbetter,wouldrather,hadrather,ratherthan,can’t(help)but,mightaswell（不妨）Let’sfinishtheworktodayratherthanleaveitofftilltomorrow.3.句型WhynotWhynotjoinus?4.在介词but,except,besides前面的结构中，有行为动词doIdidnothingbutwaitforyou.Thereseemednothingelsetodobutwaitforyou.Ihadnochoicebuttowaitforyou.必备例句——动名词Everybodyknowsthatsmokingisharmfultoone'shealth.Herjobistakingcareoftheoldpeopleinthecommunity.Idon'tmindansweringyourquestions.Heconsideredallthepossibleresultsbeforemakingadecision.I'msorryforbeingsorudetoyoujustnow.Besidesteachinginthatschool,hetranslatesEnglishnovelsintoChinese.Wecouldn'thelplaughingwhenwelearnedwhatthekidwasdoing.IlikewatchingTVorreadingnovelsinmysparetime.I'mlookingforwardtomeetingyouhereinShanghaisoon.Withoutsayingasingleword,thelittlegirlsteppedoutoftheoffice.Hewasluckyenoughtobesetfreewithoutbeingfined.必备例句——动名词It'snousetalkinglikethatanymore.(It'suselesstoreadgrammarrulesallthetime.)Westoppedtalkingassoonasourteachercameintotheclassroom.(Westoppedtoreadourtextbookswhenthebellrang.)Doingthissillyjobmeanswastingbothtimeandmoney.Pleaseremembertolockthedoorwhenyouareleaving.Wewon'tforgetmeetingsuchkindpeople.(Wewon'tforgettoofferthemhelpifnecessary.)Ifyouareanxioustotalkwithhim,youcantrydialingthisphonenumber.(You'lltrytodowellintheexam,won'tyou?)Heneverregretsdoingwhathehasdone.(IregrettotellyouthatImightbeafewminuteslateforthemeeting.)必备例句——不定式Itisnecessaryforeveryonetobehonestandresponsible.It'sverykindofyoutobesohelpfulallthetime.Hewishestobeacomputerengineerwhenhegrowsup.Whathewantsisonlytohaveanordinaryjobsothathecanmakealiving.Myparentsexpectmetobecomeausefulpersontothesociety.EachweekwehaveaChinesecompositiontowrite.Wehavetohurrysincethereislittletimetogo.Theproblemishowtocollectenoughmoney,Iwonderwheretofindtherightpersonforthepost.Wefinditquiteeasytooperateacomputer.Doyouthinkitpossibleforhimtogiveupsmoking?I'mafraidyouruncleistoooldtoserveasafireman.I'llbeonlytoogladtoofferyouasmuchhelpasIcan.必备例句——不定式Doyouthinkit'swarmenoughtodayforustoswiminthelake?Helefthishometown,nevertoreturnagainHesayshehascometoapologizeforwhathedidyesterday.Iamverysorrytohavecausedsomuchtroublehere.Theystatedearlysoastogetbackbeforedark.Thestudentsaremadetodolotsofhomeworkeveryday.Wesawthekidplayovertherejustnow.Thekidswereseentoplayintheplaygroundafterschool.Willyouletthemplayafterschool?Thestudentswerelettoplayafterclass.ToimproveyourEnglish,youneedtohavemorelanguagepractice.Tobehonest,Idon'tplacemuchhopeonthisproject.分词1.现在分词表示“主动、进行”，过去分词表示“被动、完成”boilingwaterboiledwaterdevelopingcountrydevelopedcountryflyingbirdmarkedbird2.现在分词修饰“物”；过去分词修饰“人”excitinggameexcitedfans