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状语从句12主句从句连词Studentsweretalkingtheteachercamein.when状语从句状语从句指用作状语，起副词作用的从句。3状语从句分类结果状语从句地点状语从句目的状语从句条件状语从句时间状语从句原因状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句方式状语从句4时间状语从句whenwhen既可以指“时间点”，与瞬间动词连用；也可以指“时间段”，与延续性动词连用（=while）。Whenhecamein,hismotherwascooking.When(While)wewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.whilewhile表示时间段，因此，while从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词，另外while还可以表示对比。Canyouhelpmetosendaletterwhileyouareinthepostoffice.Tom'sbrotherwasplayingthecomputergameswhileTomwasstudyinghard.5asas着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有“随着……”或“一边……一边……”之意。Asyougetolder,yougetmoreknowledge.Ashewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.6beforebefore表示“在……之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。Hehadbeenacookbeforehewenttocollege.IwillgoouttoplaybasketballwithyouafterIfinishmyhomework.afterafter表示“在……之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。7sincesince引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作，从过去的某一点时间持续到现在，从句时态常用一般过去时，主句的时态一般用现在完成时。Hehasnotwrittentomesincehegraduatedfromhighschool.Wehaveknowneachothersincewecametotheschooltwoyearsago.8until/till当主句的谓语是延续性动词前时，主句常用肯定形式，表示“直到……”；当主句的谓语是非延续性动词前时，主句常用否定形式，表示“直到……才”。。I'llstayhereuntil/tillyoucomeback.Ididn'tgotobeduntil/tilltheTVprogramwasover.9assoonasassoonas意为“一……就……”，表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生，遵守“主将从现”的原则。AssoonasIarrive,Iwillcallyou.Hewillbehappyassoonashethinksofhischildhood.Onceyoustart,youwillnevergiveup.onceonce意为“一旦……就……”。10地点状语从句wherewhere引导地点状语从句，表示“在……地方”。Putthebookbackwhereitis.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.11原因状语从句because表示直接的原因，语气最强，常用来回答由why引导的问句。—Whydidn'tyougothere?—BecauseIdidn'twantto.Waterisveryimportantbecausewecan'tlivewithoutit.since往往表示众所周知的原因，常译为“既然，由于”，since引导的从句通常位于主句之前。Sinceyoucome,waitformoretimeplease.sincebecause和so不能同时在一个句子中出现,两者只能出现其一。BecausehespendslittletimelearningEnglish,hefailsintheexam.=HespendslittletimelearningEnglish,sohefailsintheexam.12asas表示原因时，语气比because和since都弱，引导的从句位于主句前后均可。Asshehasnocar,shecan'tgetthereeasily.Istoppedtorest,forIwasverytired.forfor是并列连词，语气最弱，表示对前面的分句加以解释或表示推断出的原因，多用于书面语中。for所连接的分句只能位于句尾，前面用逗号分开。13条件状语从句ifif引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?Don'tleavehereunlessItellyouto.unlessunless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非、如果不”相当于ifnot。主将从现14aslongasaslongas引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”。Iwillgothereaslongasheinvitesme.“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。Hurryup,oryou'llbelate.=Ifyoudon'thurryup,you'llbelate.Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.15目的状语从句sothat/inorderthat目的状语从句通常由sothat,inorderthat引导，表示“为了、以便”,通常位于主句之后，从句中多用can,will,may,should等情态动词。Hestudieshardsothathecouldfindagoodjobinthefuture.Weusedthecomputerinorderthatwemightsavetime.16结果状语从句如此……以致于sucha/anadj可数名词单数adj可数名词复数adj不可数名词that从句Kathyissuchalovelygirlthatwealllikeher.Theseweresuchdifficultquestionsthatnoneofuscouldanswerthem.Wehadsuchterribleweatherthatwecouldn'tfinishtheworkontime.17so形容词/副词adj可数名词单数many/few可数名词复数that从句Kathyissolovelythatweallliketobewithher.Kathyissolovelyagirlthatweallliketobewithher.Hemadesomanymistakesthathefailedtheexamonceagain.There'ssolittletimeleftthatwehavetospeedup.a/anmuch/little不可数名词18让步状语从句though/althoughthough和although意义一样，都作“虽然，即使”讲，表示让步，一般情况下可互换使用。但although语气较强，多置于句首。Although/Thoughheisveryold,heisquitestrong.though/although引导让步状语从句时，主句中不可出现but，但可以用yet，still等。Thoughitrainedhardoutside,(yet/still)heinsistedongoingout.=Itrainedhardoutside,butheinsistedongoingout.19evenif/eventhough这两个短语表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使”。Wewillmakeatripeventhough/eveniftheweatherisbad.20“疑问词+-ever”或者“nomatter+疑问词”“nomatter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever”的含义为“无论……都……；不管……都……”。Whatever/Nomatterwhathappens,hewillhelpyou.Whenever/Nomatterwhenshecomes,shebringsafriend.However/Nomatterhowcolditis,shealwaysgoesswimming.21比较状语从句than/as...as比较状语从句由than和as...as引导。Thehouseisthreetimesasbigasours.ThepianoismoreexpensivethanIexpected.22方式状语从句asas引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，意思是“正如、就像。WhenyouareinRome,doasRomansdo.asif和asthough引导方式状语从句，意为仿佛……似的，好像……似的。Itlooksasif/thoughitisgoingtorainsoon.asif/asthough231.Readitaloud_____theclasscanhearyou.A.sothatB.ifC.whenD.although2.Itisabouttenyears_____Imetyoulast.A.sinceB.forC.whenD.as3._____theworkersweretired,theykeptbuildingthebridge.A.WhenB.BecauseC.ThoughD.As4.IlearnedalittleRussian_____Iwasatmiddleschool.A.thoughB.althoughC.asifD.when5.Shewas_____tired_____shecouldnotmoveaninch.A.so,thatB.such,thatC.very,thatD.so,as246.Wedidn'tgohome_____wefinishedthework.A.sinceB.untilC.becauseD.though7.You'llmissthetrain______youhurryup.A.unlessB.asC.ifD.until8.YoumayarriveinBeijingearly___youdon'tmindtakingthenighttrain.A.thatB.thoughC.unlessD.if9._____westoodatthetopofthebuilding,thepeoplebelowwerehardlyvisible.A.AsB.AlthoughC.UnlessD.Asif10.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,_____greatitis.A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever25