现代汉语名动式偏正结构研究

华中科技大学硕士学位论文现代汉语名动式偏正结构研究姓名：唐昱申请学位级别：硕士专业：汉语言文字学指导教师：邹哲承20061105INVIIAbstractIncontemporaryChinese,thecombinationofNounandVerbcanconstitutethreedifferentstructures:NVnominalmodifyingstructure,NVverbalmodifyingstructure,NVsubject-predicatestructure.Thisstructureisworthyofresearchingbecausethelocationofit’sinternalcomponent’sisdispute,thatistosay,whethertheheadwordofnounbialmodifierstructureisverb,andwhethertheheadwordofverbalmodifyingstructurecanbenounaredisputableproblems.Andwhat’smore,differentstructureswiththesamespellingareconfusioneasily.TheNounofNVnominalmodifyingstructureisreceptivethesemanticsfeatureoflowanimacylowindividuation,andtheyhavedistinctivefeature,inordertomodifytheheadwordexpressingheadword’ssub-definition.Mostofthemareabstractnouns.Iftheheadwordisaverb,thefeatureisspecial.Thesubcategory“Mingdongci”canenterintothisstructure.Itcanbemodifiedbynoundirectly,anditcanmodifynoundirectly.Thenumbersoftheseverbsarelimited.NVverbalmodifyingstructureisaverbalstructure.Fromsynchronicanddiachronicviews,weconcludethatnouncanbetheheadwordofthestructure.Itisspecialforthenounservesasadverbialtomodifytheverb.Sothenounwhichenteringintothisstructurealwaysbehavetheweakenofthereferenceandthestrengthenofthemodifier.Theverbistobethehightypicalverb,mostofthemareboundednessandhighdynamic.Fromtheaspectsofsyntaxfunction,semantictypeandexpansioninordertomakeafurtherstudyonNVnominalmodifyingstructure,NVverbalmodifyingstructureandNVsubject-predicatestructure.Keywords:NVnominalmodifyingstructureNVverbalmodifyingstructuresyntaxfunctionsemantictypeexpansionNVsubject-predicatestructure11123NVNV22NV2.1NV+N2.1.1NVNNNVN1A3BabcCDE123FG“”“”“”“”“”4NVNV2.1.2NVA19811994NV*//++++++++5N+VNVNV1989*NVNVBNVN+VNVNVN+VNV:6N+VN2.1.3NVNVNVNVNV2.2V2.2.1VNVV119247NVV21956V31968NVV419611996+abc582.2.2VNVVNVVNVV1961VVVNV9NVthepenthatsheboughtabagNV**2.2.3NVVNV1+14519950861995081328689V+NN10V70NV~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~750NV668.8%1211212121122311212122NV2+2NV11*2.2.4+,,,,NVV***NV(heterogeneous)N+V:*NV*NV12:::NV:*()()*()()2.2.5NVNVNV1NVNV:2,NV:3NVNNVNV:2.3NVNV:132.3.1NV782005a920042.3.21102005a1112+13121219(d)111221151122112414:13,,2005a142005a152005a162005a2NV(17)(18)2005a(19)199507NV++NV:(20)2005a(21)199501,[+],NV152.3.322232005a241995062.3.425262005a2720042.4NVaNV(28)16action-nounsbNVcNV/dNV/eNV173NV3.1N3.1.1N198219821996198219811983183.1.2NN+VN3.1.3NVNNV1+1NV2930311998198212193ANV+[+]BN20HSK3892561.5%abc2139.3%N3233343233343536223735363738394041424340414243NV234445464744454647484950484950radiowallorangejuicebeefsoupShanghaipaperradioorangenounsusedasadjectivesnounsusedasmodifiers243.1.4N*NVNV511996105219955152253.2NVV3.2.1VV2117689NV63~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~NVV3.2.2VVNV26ageneralcognitivemechanismresemblelikebelongtoneedarrivejumpeat2005[-]NV[+]NVbsituation[+][-]NV[+]273.3NV3.3.1NV5320000454200006553.3.25657581996093.4NVNVaNNbN28NcNV/dNVNVNVeNV/fNVgNVN294NV4.1NVNVNVNNVVNVN+VnN+VnN+VvN+VvNVNVNV5960305960NVNV6162616263200501646364*N+VnN+VnN+VvN+Vv31a)N+Vb)NVc)NVd)NVNVV4.2NVNVNVNVNNVNVN65,66100200606NVN6566N3267686970676869704.34.3.14.3.2NVNVNVNNVNV335NVN+VNVNV5.1NVa71727172bNVNVNV341995061994cNVNN+VNVNVdV5.2NVaNV7374357576757677abc3678abc77abacabab78abcababcabbNVNca.b.37ab,a.b.ab79803839200640[1].[M]..:,1989.[2].[M].,1954.[3].“N+V”[J].,1994,1.[4].“NV”[J].,1996,7.[5].20‘NV’[J].,2005,9.[6].[J].,1987,5.[7].[M].:,1980.[8].[M].,1995.[9].[M].:,1991.[10].[M].:,2001.[11],.[M].:,1999.[12].[M].:,1998.[13],.[M].:,1957.[14].“N+V”[J].,2003,2.[15].[J].,1983,4.[16].NV[J].,2001,9.[17].[M].,1998.[18].“”[J].,1986,3.[19].[M].:,1983.[20].[M]..2003.[21].[M].,20043.[22].“+”[M].,2005a,4.[23].[J].,2005b,5.41[24].[M].:,1982.[25].[M].:.1979.[26].[M].,2005.[27].[M].:,1987.[28],.“+”[J].,1996,3.[29].[M].,1987.[30].[A]..[C].:,1996.[31].[M].,2004.[32].[M].:,2000.[33].“”“”[J].,1995,5.[34].[J].,1960,12.[35].[A].[C].,1996,5.[36].[J].,1982,1.[37].NVNNV/VN[J].,1994,2.[38].“”[A].[C].,1991.[39].[M].,1984.[40].[A].[C]..1991.[41].“NV”[J],,1993,4.[42].[J],,1994.[43].[M].:,1985,7.[44].[M].:,2000.[45].“”[J].,1951,4.[46]AndrewRadford.Syntax:aminimalistintroduction[M].:,2000.42[47]Chao,Yuanren.AGrammarofSpokenChinese[M].BerkeleyandLosAngeles:UniversityofCaliforniaPress,1968.[48]Chomsky.Knowledgeoflanguage:it’snature,OriginsandUse[M].NewYork:Praeger,1986.[49]Chomsky,Noam.TheMinimaistProgram[M].Cambridge:TheMITpress,1995.[50].ASemanticStudyofTransitivityRelationsinChinese[M].Berkeley,LosAngeles,andLondon:UniversityofCaliforniaPress,1975.[51]F.Ungerer&H.J.Schmid.AnIntrodutiontoCognitiveLinguistics[M].ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress,2001.[52]HallidayM.A.K.AnIntroductiontoFunctionalGrammar[M].EdwardAmoldLtd.k.,1985.[53]JohnLyons.Linguisticsemantics:anintroduction[M].China:ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress,2000.[54]Li,C.N.&S.A.Thompson.MandarinChinese;AFunctionalreferenceGrammer,BerkeleyandLosAngeles[M]:UniversityofCaliforniaPress.[55]Matisoff.JamesA.TheGrammarofLahu[M].Berkeley:Univer