状语从句小结

时间状语从句原因状语从句地点状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句方式状语从句引导词可分为两部分．whenwheneveraswhilebeforeafteruntil(till)sinceassoonaseverytimenexttimethefirst/…timethemomenttheminute/…instantlyimmediatelydirectly(一…就…)1.as,while,when的区别as:当；一边…一边；随着＊某事一发生，另一事立即发生＊两个动作同时发生e.g.Asthecaptainpassedme,Iaskedhimwhethertherewasanyhopeofsavingtheship.Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.while:持续性动词／进行时＊一般或现在情况＊将来情况－V一般现在时或现在进行时＊过去情况e.g.Nevergetonoroffabuswhileitisinmotion.e.g.—I’mgoingtothepostoffice.--Whileyouarethere,canyougetsomestampsforme?e.g.IhurtmyshouldwhileIwasdoinggym.when:持续性／非持续性动词都可＊当．．．时＊正在．．．忽然e.g.IwasfrightenedbyazhanglangwhenIwaswatchingTV.Areyougoingtobeasailorwhenyouleaveschool?ChenWeiandSusanwerewalkingdownthestreetwhentheysawanaccident.Iwasabouttogoswimmingwhenourguidestoppedme.＊尽管／虽然／鉴于／如果／届时／在那时…e.g.Hewalkswhenhemighttakeataxi.TheQueenwillvisitthetowninMay,whenshewillopenthenewhospital.Howcanyouhopeformercyyourselfwhenyoushownone?HowcouldIliveinLosAngeleswhenallmyfavoritepeoplelivehere?虽然届时如果既然becausesinceasfornowthatconsidering(that)seeing(that)既然考虑到／鉴于鉴于／由于／既然／因为because,since,as,forbecause—直接原因，非推断．语气最强．回答whysince–通常放句首．译为“既然”as–不谈自明的原因，语气最弱．for–放句中，引导后半句表原因,或补充推断的理由。e.g.Idancedinfrontofthepeople________Ilikedit.You’dbetterwearstrongshoes________we’lldoalotofwalking._________hewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouthim._________everybodyknowaboutit,Idon’twanttotalkanymore.Hemustbeill,________heisabsentToday.becauseasAsSinceforwhere/wherevere.g.WuhanlieswheretheYangtzeandtheHanRivermeet.sothatinorderthatincaseforfearthat(以免／以防）lest常用虚拟＊incase还可作副词表示万一．后不接从句e.g.Idon’tthinkI’llneedanymoney,butI’llbringsomeincase.＊目的状语中常用情态动词can,could,may,might,would,否定从句中可用shoulde.g.Theytookawaytheknifesothattheboyshouldnothurthimself.sothat/so…that…/such…that…Itwassuchagoodday(=itwassogoodaday)thatweallwentswimming.ifonceas/solongasasfarasunlessonconditionthatincase条件是…suppose/supposingprovidingprovidede.g.___________youtouchanEnglishperson,youshouldsay“sorry”.___________theyaredirty,certainseasarenotabletocleanthemselves.____________wedon’tloseheart,we’llfindawaytoovercomethedifficulty.____________Iknow,youshouldn’thaveanyproblemthere.IfOnceAslongasAsfarasYoucanhavemybicycleforafewdays__________youreturnitbySunday.___________anythingimportanthappens,pleasecallmeup.___________youhadonemilliondollars,whatwouldyoudo?Don’ttouchanything___________yourteachertellsyouto.onconditionthatIncaseSuppose/Supposingunless１）though/althoughevenif/eventhough（尽管，虽然）（即便）though/although＊主句前可用yet,still,nevertheless常省略．e.g.Thoughitsoundsstrange,yetitistrue.＊倒装句和独立副词放句末只能用thoughe.g.Strangethoughitmayseem,heremainedsingleallhislife.Itwashardwork,Ienjoyedit,though.(但是／不过）２）where/nomatterwherewhoever/nomatterwhowhatever/nomatterwhatwhenever/nomatterwhen．．．．３）as倒装－－“虽然／尽管”e.g.Lateasitwas,theykeptonworking.Childasheis,heknowsalot.MuchasIadmirehisfather,Idon’tlikeJohn.Tryasyoumay,youmightfailaswell.Borrowthebookasyoumay,youmustreturnitontime.than/as—从句中常有成分省略e.g.Theprojectwascompletedearlierthan(itwas)expected.Heworkedasfastasaskilledworker(worked).Repeatthisasoftenas(it)isnecessary.Thenseeadoctorassoonas(itis)possible.as／likeasif/asthough依照／如／像仿佛/就象…似的e.g.Thereblackpeoplehadequalrightsandwerefreetolive,studyandworkastheywished.Iworklikeothers(asothersdo).Doyouhavetofeedplantslikeyoufeedchickens?Hekeptworkingasif/asthoughnothinghadhappened.asif/though如果与事实相反，从句要用虚拟语气．e.g.Ifapencilispartlyputintoaglassofwater,itlooksasifitwerebroken.HespeaksasifhehadbeentoAmerican.