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1.experiencevt.经历n.经历；经验【原句】Haveyoueverexperiencedathunderstorm?（P21）你经历过雷暴天气吗？▶Thoughhehaseverhadanexperiencewiththiskindofthing,hehasn’thadenoughexperienceforthejob.Afterall,heissoyoung.尽管他在这种事上有过一次经历，但他仍没有足够的经验担当这项工作。毕竟，他太年轻了。▶ThatwasthemostterribleearthquakeIhadeverexperienced.那是我所经历的最可怕的一场地震。完成句子①Shehasnocookingexperience(经验).②Pleasetellusofyourexperiences(经历)whileinAfrica.③Haveyoueverexperienced(体验)realhunger?2.causevt.引起；导致【原句】Doyouknowanythingabouttheevents?Forexample,whatcausesthem?（P21）你知道关于这些灾难的一些事情吗？例如，是什么引起它们的？▶Whatcausedtheplantstodie?那些植物死于何种原因？▶Thishascausedusmuchanxiety.这件事让我们极为担心。cause表“原因”时，与reason有什么不同？【思考提示】cause指造成某事的直接原因，后常接of介词短语或不定式；reason指从逻辑推理上得出的原因，后常接for介词短语或定语从句。例如：Carelessnessisthecauseoftheterribleaccident.Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyouarelate?Thelackofeco-friendlyhabitsamongthepublicisthoughttobeamajor____ofglobalclimatechange.［2011福建，26］A.resultB.causeC.warningD.reflection【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意为：公众环保习惯的缺乏被认为是全球气候变化的一个主要原因。cause着重指造成某事发生的原因,往往指造成不好的影响；result结果；warning警告；reflection反射。由句意知选B。3.buryvt.埋葬(P22)▶Bothhisgrandparentswereburiedhere.他的祖父母都葬在这里。▶Letthedeadburythedead.[谚]既往不咎；不念旧恶；过去的事，就让它成为过去吧。▶Iburiedmyfaceinmyhandsandhadasigh.我掩面叹息。▶Sheburiedherfaceintheroses,drinkinginthefragrance（芳香）.她把脸埋在玫瑰里,陶醉于花的芳香。完成句子①要想通过考试，我必须埋头学习了。IshallbeburiedinmystudiesifIwanttopasstheexam.②他隐居到乡下去写书。Heburiedhimselfinthecountrytowriteabook.③他们在倾听被风声淹没了的声音。Theywerelisteningtosomesoundburiedinthewind.4.occurvi.发生【原句】AlmostallofthemoccurintheUS,intheareafromTexasinthesoutheasttoSouthDakotainthenorth.(P23)它们几乎全部发生在美国东南部德克萨斯州到北部南达科他州一带。▶Earthquakesoccurfrequentlyinthisarea.这一地区经常发生地震。▶Abrilliantideaoccurredtome.我想到一个极好的主意。▶Itoccurredtometovisitmyteacher.我想到要去看看我的老师。▶Itdidn’toccurtohimthatshewouldrefusehisinvitation.他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请。用happen/takeplace/occur填空①Whenwillthesportsmeetingtakeplace?②AtthattimeIhappenedtohavenomoney.③AnexcellentideaoccurredtomewhenIwokeupthismorning.5.pickup卷起,掀起;拿起，提起，捡起【原句】Tornadoescanpickupcars,trainsandevenhousesandputthemdowninthenextstreet—oreveninthenexttown.（P23）龙卷风能卷起汽车、火车甚至房屋，把它们卷到旁边的街道——甚至能卷到邻近的城镇。pickup在英语中意思颇多，且为考试高频词汇，请根据下列句子情景，理解其不同含义：▶Hepickedupastoneandaimeditatthedog.（拾起，捡起）他拾起一块石头，将它向狗掷去。▶Ipickedupthebookinasecond-handbookstore.（偶然获得）我在一家旧书店里偶获此书。▶Thebusstoppedseveraltimestopickuppassengers.（搭载）客车沿途停了好几次让乘客上车。▶Hepickedupgraduallyafteralongillness.（身体好转）久病之后,他逐渐地恢复了健康。▶AsJohnpickedupspeedandheadedoutoftownhebegantotakeaninterestinthesurroundings.（加速）当约翰加快汽车车速，开出城镇之后，他对周围的一切似乎有了兴趣。▶TheypickedupthedailybroadcastsfromNanjing,Shanghai,andTokyo.（收听节目）他们每天收听南京、上海和东京的广播。▶Theroommustbepickedupbeforetheguestsarrive.（收拾，整理）在客人到来之前必须把房间整理好。Sam________someknowledgeofthecomputerjustbywatchingothersworkingonit.［2010山东，27］A.broughtupB.lookedupC.pickedupD.setup【解析】选C。考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：萨姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。表示“学会”用pickup;pickup另外还有“捡起;顺车接送,搭载；收拾，整理；重新开始；获得”等意；bringup表示“抚养，教育；提出；呕吐”；lookup表示“向上看；（形势）好转，改善；查阅”；setup表示“建立，设置；造成，产生”。6.takeoff去掉；脱掉；起飞；成功；休假；减去；移动【原句】Theycantakethefuroffthebackofacatandthefeathersoffachicken.(P23）龙卷风能够剥掉猫身上的皮，拔净鸡身上的毛。▶Thenewmagazinehasreallytakenoff.这份新杂志真是大受欢迎。▶Ahelicopterisabletotakeoffandlandstraightupanddown.直升飞机能够直上直下地起飞和降落。由take组成的短语还有许多，你能说出一些吗？【思考提示】Itisintheearlymorningthatthey_____anditisintheafternoonthattheyarrived.A.putoffB.turnedoffC.tookoffD.keptoff【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们是在早晨很早时出发，在下午到达的。takeoff飞机（起飞），火车（出发）；putoff推迟；turnoff关闭；keepoff远离。7.strikevt.&n.(雷电,暴风雨等)袭击；击打，碰撞(P23)▶Strikewhiletheiron’shot.趁热打铁，趁机行事。strike在英语中含义颇多，请根据下列句子体会其不同含义：▶Theminerswentonstrikeforhigherpay.(罢工)矿工举行罢工,要求增加工资。▶Doesthisclockstrikethequarters?(钟表敲点)这只钟每过一刻钟时敲不敲？▶AgoodideastruckmewhileIwaswalkingalongtheriver.(想起)我在河边散步时突然有了一个好主意。▶Ahugeforestfirebrokeoutafterthelightningstruck.(袭击)闪电袭击之后，突然引起一场森林大火。▶Hehitme,soIstruckhimback.(打)他打了我,所以我才还手打他。▶Iamstillstruckbythenativebeautyofthelake.(打动)我仍然为湖泊的自然美所吸引。完成句子①我立刻就被那个主意吸引住了。Iwasstruckbytheideaimmediately.②钟一敲十二点他们就走了。Theyleftimmediatelytheclockstrucktwelve.8.endup结果为……,以……结束（P23）▶Howdoesthestoryendup?这故事是如何结尾的?▶Youwillendupindebtifyoukeeponspendingmoneylikethat.你要是老那样花钱,总有一天要负债。▶Herana1,500-metreraceandendedupwithfirstprize.他参加了1500米赛跑，得了第一名。▶Hebeganhislifeasapoormanandendedupasamillionaire.他出身贫寒，最终成了百万富翁。▶Atfirstherefusedtoacceptanyresponsibilitybutheendedupapologizing.最初他拒不承认有任何责任,到头来还是道了歉。▶Allgoodthingscametoanend.天下无不散之筵席。▶Believeitornot,I’vebeenstarvingforfourdaysonend.说出来，有谁相信呢？我已经连续四天没吃饭了。Smelltheflowersbeforeyougotosleep,andyoumayjust______sweetdreams.［2010江西，26］A.keepupwithB.putupwithC.endupwithD.catchupwith【解析】选C。考查动词词组。句意：睡觉前闻闻花香，你可能就会做个甜甜的梦。keepupwith保持；putupwith忍受；endupwith以……结束；catchupwith赶上。1.Onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.（P23）平均来说，在美国每年有800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1500人受伤。句中causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries分词短语作状语，表示结果。▶Footballisplayedinover80countries,makingitthemostpopularsportintheworld.在80多个国家里都有足球这项体育活动，使它成为世界上最受欢迎的一项运动。▶Theyhavebeendiscussingtheproblemfor2hours,reachingnoagreementatlast.他们对这个问题一直讨论了两个小时，最后也没达成协议。▶Hepickedupastone,onlytohaveitdroppedonh