Module5 状语从句

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状语从句时间状语从句:when,while,as,before,after,assoonas,until,themoment,immediately,thefirst,lasttime,hardly…when,scarcely…when,nosooner…than条件状语从句:if,unless,now(that),provided/providing让步状语从句:although,though,as,nomatterwhat,wherever/however…地点状语从句:where原因状语从句:because,since,as结果状语从句:so…that,such…that目的状语从句:sothat,incase,forfearthat方式状语从句:as,asif,asthough比较状语从句:than,as…as…状语从句考点1、各种从属连词的含义及用法比较;2、nomatterwh-与wh-ever引导的从句的区别;3、状语从句的时态问题;4、状语从句的倒装问题;5、状语从句与其它从句的区别。1、时间状语从句问题1:Don’tbeafraidofaskingforhelpitisneeded.(03全国卷)A.unlessB.sinceC.althoughD.whenunless引导条件状语从句,意为“除非”;although引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”;since虽引导时间状语从句,但意思为“从…以来”,这些都与题意无关。引导时间状语的引导词很多,复习when时要注意比较它与while与as的区别。Dwhen/while/as的用法when表示从句和主句动作同时发生,或先于主句动作;while表示从句的动作与主句动作同时发生,并且有延续的含义,从句需用延续性动词;as从句与主句动作相并发生,常译为“边……边……”WhenIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Isawsomepolicemen.当我沿着街道走的时候看到一些警察。Iwaswalkingonthestreetwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulder.Sb.wasdoingsthwhenSb.wasaboutto/goingtodosth.whenSb.wasonthepointofdoingsth.whenWhilethechildwasplayingwithhistoys,hisparentswerewatchingTV.这个孩子玩玩具的时候他的父母在看电视。Theyshoutedslogansastheypassedthesquare.他们一边穿过广场一边呼喊口号。问题2:1)—Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?—Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhimhebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.(03北京春季)A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.When2)Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbroken________hislittlebrotherpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton.(05北京春季)A.untilB.unlessC.afterD.becauseuntil/till“直到……止”(肯定句,主句是延续性动词);not…until“直到……才”(否定句,主句是终止性动词);until可用于倒装句和强调句,till不用于句首。CAIhadnoideaofituntilyoutoldme.UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.Shedidn’tfinishherhomeworkuntilIreturned.UntilIreturnedShedidn’tfinishherhomeworkItwasnotuntilIreturnedhomethatshefinishedherhomework.NotuntilIreturneddidshefinishherhomework.问题3:1、TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfouryears______theNorthwonintheend.(05广东卷)A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.then2、Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation______itgotworse.(03北京)A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.asBbefore从句是高考中的一大热点,从时间概念上不难作出判断。注意它的翻译:在肯定句中一般翻译成“…(主句的动作)才…(从句的动作)”,如题1;或“还没有…(从句的动作)就…(主句的动作)”,如题2。CItwillbe+一段时间+before…多久之后才…ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.用不了多久,我们就会再见面.Itwon’tbelongbeforewemeetagain.问题4:—DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?—Yes,Igaveittoher_______Isawher.(01北京春季)A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.onceB一些表示时间的名词词组,如thetime(当……的时刻),themoment/minute/second/instant(一…就…),nexttime(下次),thefirsttime(第一次…的时候),thelasttime(上次…的时候),immediately(一…就…),instantly(一…就…),directly(一…就…)等词或词组可引导表示时间的状语从句;还有一些表示习惯性动作的词如:everytime(每次),eachtime(每次),whenever(每当)等也可引导表示时间的状语从句,它们担当着连接词的功能。Eachtimehecame,hewouldbringusalotofflowers.他每次来都给我们带很多花。ThefirsttimehewenttoShanghai,hepaidavisittohisformerteacher.他第一次去上海时去拜访了他的老师。ThemomentIsawhim,Ithoughtofhisfather.我一看到他就想起了他的父亲。含有关联词组hardly…when和nosooner…than的两种句子结构表示“一……就……”。当hardly或nosooner为于句首时,要到装。Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenitbegantosnow.他刚到天就开始下雪了。Hardlyhadwewalkedintothehallwhenthelecturestarted.我们刚走进大厅讲座就开始了。Nosoonerhadtheboyreachedthedoorthanhecameback.这个孩子刚一走到门边就回来了。2、条件状语从句问题1:1、TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname____itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.(2000全国)A.aslongasB.whileC.ifD.eventhough2、Itisknowntoallthat_____youexerciseregularly,youwon’tkeepgoodhealth.(05重庆卷)A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.ifCAunless相当于ifnot,意思是“除非…”“如果不…就…”。这也是高考的热点之一。复习时也应给予高度重视。YouwillimproveyouroralEnglishifyoukeeponpracticing.如果你坚持练习,你的英语口语将会提高。Hewillnevermakeprogressunlessheworkshard.如果不努力他将不会取得进步。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveupsmokingatonce.如果我是你我会立刻戒烟。Suppose/Supposing(that)theyrefuseus,whoelsecanweturntoforhelp?假如他们拒绝我们,我们还能向谁求助?问题2:1、_____Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.(04北京春季)A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif2、IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctor’s________Ihavetowait.(05全国卷3)A.incaseB.sothatC.inorderD.asifBAaslongas与asfaras都可引导条件状语从句,aslongas表示“只要…”,asfaras表示“就…而论(而言)”。题1根据题意应该选用B。incase表示“以防”,根据题2的句意,不难作出选择。incase后接一般现在时,一般过去时或should,它所引导的从句为主句的动作提供理由。Pleasetakeyourraincoatalongwithyouincaseitrains.请带把雨伞以防下雨。Don’tgoouttomorrowincaseMr.Lishouldcometovisityou.明天不要出去以防李先生来访。3、让步状语从句问题1:1、_____Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.(04江苏)A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless2、Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,____theyaredifferentfromyourown.(05湖南卷)(B)A.untilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthoughABwhile是高考中的高频词,它既可引导时间状语从句,又可引导并列句,还可引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管”。evenif等于eventhough,表示“即使、尽管”。asthough等于asif,引导方式状语从句,表示“好像、似乎”。evenif/eventhough/although/though都作“虽然”,“尽管”解释,但是evenif和eventhough所表示的让步语气最强,although次之,though最弱。Hewillnevertellyouthetruthevenifheknowsit.即使知道这个秘密他也不会告诉你。Theoldwomanwasunhappythoughshehasalotofmoney.这个老太太不快乐虽然她很有钱。as或though从句一般放在主句之前,需用倒装语序。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是名词,前置式要省略冠词。Childasheis,heknowsalot.MuchasIlikeit,Iwon’tbuyit,forit’stooexpensive.Tryashemight,hecouldnotfindajob.though引导的从句也可以像as引导的从句一样用倒装语序,但是although应到的俄从句只能用正常语序。注意比较下面的说法:Smartthough/assheis,shestudieshard.Thoughsheissmart,shestudieshard.Althoughsheissmart,shestudieshard.Smartalthoughsheis,shestudieshar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