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专题七社会生活型阅读理解专题七社会生活型阅读理解专题导读专题七│专题导读语言是社会文化的重要载体。学习英语的目的之一就是“提高初步运用英语进行交际的能力，增强对外国文化，特别是英语国家文化的了解”。因此，社会生活型试题出现在高考试卷中是必然的。社会生活型文章的命题有以下趋势：1．以中西文化差异作为选材的重点。如礼仪、语言、生活习惯、世界观、价值观等为主题。题材涉及社会、文化、教育、体育等方面的内容。2．一般一篇文章一个主题。以议论文、记叙文居多。专题七│专题导读3．命题方面，既重主旨把握，又重特定细节，时有推断。对英语语言、社会、文化的了解是一个长期的过程，在复习时要注意：1．重视对英语词汇、语法和习惯用法的掌握。在复习过程中加强对语言基础知识的掌握。对于普通高中毕业生来说，应具备2000－3500的词汇量，并掌握其词性、意思和基本用法。掌握句子结构和句子成分之间的关系。熟悉固定短语、固定搭配等约定俗成的语法项目。专题七│专题导读2．扩展文化背景知识，认真研读历届高考题。从近五年的高考题看，阅读内容的社会实用性越来越强，更重视语言和文化的关系，阅读材料会更多地涉及社会文化背景知识。因此，考生要通过阅读更多地涉及社会文化背景知识，要通过阅读更多地了解并丰富自己的知识。同时，考生要认真研读近五年的高考篇目，增加语言经验，适应选材特点，熟悉题材和体裁。了解设问形式，感悟设问特点。3．广泛涉猎，丰富消遣阅读。专题七│真题典例真题典例[2011·福建卷]Drivingacarisnotjusthandlingcontrolsandjudgingspeedanddistance.Itrequiresyoutopredictwhatotherroaduserswilldoandgetreadytoreacttosomethingunexpected.Whenalcoholisconsumed,itentersyourbloodstreamandactsasadepressant(抑制药),damagingeyesight,judgmentandcoordination(协调),slowingdownreactiontimeandgreatlyincreasingtheriskofaccidents.Evenbelowthedrinkdrivinglimit,drivingwillbeaffected.专题七│真题典例Alcoholmaytakeafewminutestobeabsorbedintothebloodstreamandstartactiononthebrain.Absorptionrateisincreasedwhendrinkingonanemptystomachorwhenconsumingdrinksmixedwithfruitjuice.Togetridofalcoholfromthebodyisaveryslowprocessanditisnotpossibletospeeditupwithanymeasuresliketakingashowerorhavingacupofteaorcoffee.专题七│真题典例ThepresentRoadTrafficOrdinancestatesclearlythatthelimitofalcoholconcentrationis：●50milligramsofalcoholper100mlofblood;or●22microgramsofalcoholper100mlofbreath;or●67milligramsofalcoholper100mlofurine(尿液)Driverswhocausetrafficaccidents,orwhocommitamovingtrafficoffenceorarebeingsuspectedofdrinkdrivingwillbetested.专题七│真题典例Anydriverfounddrinkingbeyondthelimitwillbecharged.ThedriverdeclaredguiltymaybefinedamaximumofHK﹩25,000andbesentencedtoupto3yearsinprisonandpunishedfor10drivingoffencepoints;ortemporarilybannedfromdriving.Thesamepunishmentappliestofailingtoprovidespecimens(样本)forbreath,bloodorurinetestswithoutgoodexcuse.专题七│真题典例Drinkdrivingisacriminaloffence.Bearesponsibledriver,thinkbeforeyoudrink.Forthesafetyofyourselfandotherroadusers,neverdriveafterconsumingalcohol.【解析】本文主要说明酒驾的危险及原因、酒驾的处罚以及检测酒驾的方法等，用以提醒司机朋友们做一个有责任心的人，为了自己和他人的安全千万不能酒后驾车行驶。专题七│真题典例()1.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout________.A．theintroductionofdrivingskillsB．thedamageofdrinkingtoyourbodyC．theeffectofdrinkingondrivingD．theprocessofalcoholbeingabsorbed【解析】C段落大意题。根据第一段内容，酒驾是危险的，酒可以进入血液，起抑制药的作用，它会伤害视力、判断力和协调性，会延缓反应时间并且大大提高事故的发生率，可知主要说明酒驾的危险性，故C项正确。专题七│真题典例()2.Theunderlinedword“it”inthesecondparagraphrefersto“________”．A．alcoholB．absorptionC．bloodD．process【解析】D代词指代题。根据第二段第三句Togetridofalcoholfromthebodyisaveryslowprocessanditisnotpossibletospeeditupwithanymeasuresliketakingashowerorhavingacupofteaorcoffee.可知排除身体内的酒精是一个非常缓慢的过程，所以也不可能通过任何手段如洗澡或者喝一杯茶或咖啡加速这个排除过程，这样可以猜测出it指代排除身体内的酒精这一个过程，故选择D。专题七│真题典例()3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Drinkingbelowthedrinkdrivinglimithasnoeffectondriving.B．Alcoholistakeninmorequicklywhendrunkwithfruitjuice.C．Havingacupofteahelpstogetridofalcoholfromthebody.D．50milligramsofalcoholper100mlofbreathisbelowthedrinkdrivinglimit.专题七│真题典例【解析】B细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Absorptionrateisincreasedwhendrinkingonanemptystomachorwhenconsumingdrinksmixedwithfruitjuice，可知空腹饮酒或者和果汁混合在一起喝，酒精的吸收速度会提高，与B项一致。专题七│真题典例()4.Adriversuspectedofdrinkdriving________.A．shouldprovidespecimensfortestingB．willbeforbiddentodrivefor3yearsC．willbepunishedfor10drivingoffencepointsD．shouldpayamaximumfineofHK$25,000【解析】A推理判断题。根据倒数第四段Drivers…arebeingsuspectedofdrinkdrivingwillbetested.和倒数第二段Thesamepunishment…withoutgoodexcuse.可推出答案。专题七│新题预测Wehavemettheenemy,andheisours.Weboughthimatapetshop.Whenmonkeypox,adiseaseusuallyfoundintheAfricanrainforest,suddenlyturnsupinchildrenintheAmericanMidwest,it’shardnottowonderifthediseasethatcomesfromforeignanimalsishominginonhumanbeings.“Mostoftheinfections(感染)wethinkofashumaninfectionsstartedinotheranimals，”saysStephenMorse,directoroftheCenterforPublicHealthPreparednessatColumbiaUniversity.新题预测专题七│新题预测It’snotjustthatwe’regoingtowheretheanimalsare;we’realsobringingthemclosertous.Popularforeignpetshavebroughtawholenewdiseasetothiscountry.AstrangeillnesskilledIsaksen’spets,andshenowthinksthatkeepingforeignpetsisabadidea.“Idon’tthinkit’sfairtohavethemaspetswhenwehavesuchalimitedknowledgeofthem，”saysIsaksen.“Lawsallowingtheseanimalstobebroughtinfromdeepforestareaswithoutstrictercontrolneedchanging，”saysPeterSchantz.Monkeypoxmaybethewakeup_call.专题七│新题预测Researchersbelieveinfectedanimalsmayinfec_ttheirowners.Weknowverylittleaboutthesenewdiseases.Anewbug(病毒)maybekindatfirst.Butitmaydevelopintosomethingharmful.Monkeypoxdoesn’tlookamajorinfectiousdisease.Butitisnotimpossibletopassthediseasefrompersontoperson.【解析】饲养宠物可能被传播疾病。猴痘本是非洲雨林中的一种疾病，现在突然出现了美国西部的孩子们身上。我们认为大多数人类感染的疾病其实就是来自动物。国家要制定严格的法律，控制动物把疾病传播给人类。专题七│新题预测()1.WelearnfromParagraph1thatthepetsoldattheshopmay________.A．comefromColumbiaB．preventusfrombeinginfectedC．enjoybeingwithchildrenD．sufferfrommonkeypox专题七│新题预测【解析】D细节理解题。根据第一段Wehavemettheenemy,andheisours.Weboughthi