专题三新闻报道型阅读理解专题三新闻报道型阅读理解专题导读专题三│专题导读新闻报道类短文在高考阅读理解中屡屡出现,已经引起了大家的注意。考生在阅读此类文章时,应该注意以下几个方面:1.如果有标题的话,要重视新闻报道文章的标题标题通常点明短文的主题思想,例如:通过某文的标题OldComputersMakeforUnhappyWorkersSurvey说明本篇报道的主题就是陈旧电脑设备导致工人不满,并告知读者这是一份调查报告。但是高考试卷中的大部分新闻报道都会有意识地删掉标题,以考查考生对主题思想的归纳概括能力。专题三│专题导读2.重视新闻报道文章的导语部分由于高考试卷中的大部分新闻报道短文都会有意识地删掉标题,因此全文的主题和论点这时必须通过理解和分析导语部分来获得。考生可以从导语部分的开头来了解该新闻报道的来源和时间,如果某篇报道开头是Beijing,读者可以了解到该篇报道是由中国国内报道的。如果是NewYork,那么考生就会知道这篇报道是来自于美国方面的报道。因此考生要想掌握新闻报道的主题或论点概况,必须仔细阅读导语。导语(lead)就是指新闻报道的第一段或第一、二段,它是新闻报道最基本内容的概括和浓缩,它通常反映新闻报道的主题或论点。专题三│专题导读3.重视每个段落的链接新闻报道通常结构看似比较松散,而实际上并非如此。新闻报道的正文主要是对导语部分所提供的主题信息的相关细节进行叙述或议论。新闻报道在叙述或议论过程中其正文部分往往由很多短小的段落组成,但是这些短小的段落却是按照一定的时间、逻辑或空间等顺序进行展开,环环相扣,因此结构仍然很紧凑。专题三│专题导读4.重视新闻报道文章的阅读方法英文报刊的新闻报道和中文报刊一样,都在真实的原则下,力求简洁生动,有吸引力,能快而准地给读者提供信息,传达时事。作者往往开门见山,将一则消息的主要内容浓缩在第一段里,使读者一看就能略知此新闻报道的主题思想。所以说新闻报道的第一段是全文的精华和缩影,我们必须重视对该段的阅读和分析。专题三│专题导读5.重视和熟悉新闻英语的常用短词由于报刊的篇幅有限,新闻报道在词汇的使用上也力求删繁就简,即以短词取代长词,其用词强调简明扼要,切中要害。新闻标题中常见的缩写词主要有三种:(1)组织机构的简称,如:CPC中国共产党,CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议,UNESCO联合国教科文组织,EEC欧洲经济共同体,NATO北大西洋公约组织,OPEC石油输出国组织,IRA爱尔兰共和军。专题三│专题导读(2)表示职务或职业特征的各种人物名称,如:MP国会议员,VIP重要人物,DJ无线电唱片音乐节目广播员。(3)某些大家熟悉的事物名称,如:TB肺结核,DJI道琼斯工业平均指数,UFO飞碟(不明飞行物)。此外,新闻标题还广泛使用简缩词,即通过“截短法”或“缩短法”构成的截头、去尾或把两个词各取一部分合在一起而构成的短词。专题三│真题典例真题典例[2011·江苏卷]AccordingtotheUSgovernment,windfarmsoffthePacificcoastcouldproduce900gigawattsofelectricityeveryyear.Unfortunately,thewaterthereisfartoodeepforeventhetallestwindmills(seepicture)totouchbottom.AnexperimentunderwayoffthecoastofNorway,however,couldhelpputthemanywhere.专题三│真题典例Theproject,calledHywind,istheworld’sfirstlargescaledeepwaterwindturbine(涡轮发电机).Althoughitusesa专题三│真题典例fairlystandard152ton,2.3megawattturbine,Hywindrepresentstotallynewtechnology.Theturbinewillbefixed213feetabovethewateronafloatingspar(seepicture),atechnologyHywind’screator,theNorwegiancompanyStatoilHydro,hasdevelopedrecently.Thesteelspar,whichisfilledwithstonesandgoes328feetbelowtheseasurface,willbetiedtotheoceanfloorbythreecables(缆索);thesewillkeepthesparstableandpreventtheturbinefrommovingupanddowninthewaves.Hywind’sstability(稳定性)inthecoldand专题三│真题典例roughseawouldprovethateventhedeepestcornersoftheoceanaresuitableforwindpower.Ifallgoesaccordingtoplan,theturbinewillstartproducingelectricitysixmilesoffthecoastofsouthwesternNorwayasearlyasSeptember.Toproduceelectricityonalargescale,acommercialwindfarmwillhavetousebiggerturbinesthanHywinddoes,butit’sdifficultenoughtobalancesuchalargeturbinesohighonafloatingsparinthemiddleoftheocean.Tomakethatturbineheavier,thewholespar’scentreofgravitymustbemoved专题三│真题典例muchclosertotheocean’ssurface.Todothat,thecompanyplanstodesignanewkindofwindturbine,onewhosegearbox(变速箱)sitsatsealevelratherthanbehindtheblades(seepicture).Hywindisatestrun,butthebenefitsforperfectingfloatingwindfarmtechnologycouldbeextremelylarge.Outatsea,thewindisoftenstrongerandsteadierthanclosetoshore,whereallexistingoffshorewindmillsareplanted.Deepseafarmsareinvisiblefromland,whichhelpsovercomethe专题三│真题典例windmillaseyesoreobjection.Ifthetechnologycatcheson,itwillopenupvastareasoftheplanet’ssurfacetooneofthebestlowcarbonpowersourcesavailable.【解析】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍在深海中大规模发电的Hywind计划,这个计划主要是在深海探索低碳电力资源来服务于人类。专题三│真题典例()1.TheHywindprojectusestotallynewtechnologytoensurethestabilityof________.A.thecableswhichtiethespartotheoceanfloorB.thesparwhichisfloatingindeepseawaterC.thebladesdrivenbystrongandsteadyseawindD.thestonesfilledinthesparbelowtheseasurface【解析】B细节理解题。根据文章第二段中提到的Theturbinewillbefixed213feetabovethewateronafloatingspar(seepicture),atechnology…可知选择B。专题三│真题典例()2.Tobalanceabiggerturbinehighonafloatingspar,anewtypeofturbineistobedesignedwithitsgearboxsitting________.A.ontheseafloorB.onthespartopC.atsealevelD.behindtheblades【解析】C细节理解题。根据第三段最后…gearboxsitsatsealevel…可知选项C正确。专题三│真题典例()3.Wideapplicationsofdeepwaterwindpowertechnologycan________.A.solvethetechnicalproblemsofdeepwaterwindmillsB.makefinancialprofitsbyproducingmoreturbinesC.settletheargumentsaboutenvironmentalproblemsD.explorelowcarbonpowerresourcesavailableatsea【解析】D细节理解题。根据文章最后…Ifthetechnologycatcheson,itwillopenupvastareasoftheplanet’ssurfacetooneofthebestlowcarbonpowersourcesavailable.可知选项D正确。专题三│新题预测(一)OneofNigeria’smostfamoussingershasgoneonhungerstrikeoutsidethegatesoftheNationalTelevisionAuthorityinprotestatwhatshesaysisitsrefusaltopayroyaltiesonhersongs.OnyekaOnwenu’sprotesthasattractedwidespreadsupportfromotherNigerianmusicians,whooftencomplainthattheydonotreceiveroyalties(版税)whentheirsongsarebroadcastontelevisionandradio.新题预测专题三│新题预测ThepopsingerOnyekaOnwenuhasbeensittingoutsidethegatesoftheNigerianTelevisionStationforthepastthreedays.Shesaysthatduringthattimeshe’snoteatenbutthatshehashadsomeorangejuice.Othermusiciansaretakingturnstositwithherinashowofsupport.‘Showmethemoney’MsOnwenuappearstobeinadeterminedstateofmind.“Imeantostayonthishungerstrikebecauseitisofgreatimportance.”专题三│新题预测“Wefindthattheentertainmentindustryishavinghardtimes.Manyartistsarepoor,they’redyingofhunger.”“Thesearepeoplewhoarefamous,peoplewhohavemadegreatcontributionstotheindustryinNigeriaandwefee