英语四六级作文句子与段落

句子写作一、句子种类英文句子可以从以下三个角度进行分类：语气：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句；结构：简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句；修辞：长句、短句、掉尾句等掉尾句（ThePeriodicSentence)中心意思出现在句尾的句子，在修辞上叫做掉尾句。这类句子把修饰语放在句首，修饰语可以是词组，状语从句，也可以是其他结构。例如：1)Inmanyways,thehistoryofEnglishwordsisthehistoryofourcivilization.2)Inspiteofhisfailure,heremainscheerful.3)OneofmyfavoritepoetsisEmilyDickinson.二、判断好句子的标准英文句子通常以主谓结构为主，以谓语动词为中心，来传达主要信息。对于次要信息，则借助各种动词不定式、分词、介词、从句等表达。判断一个句子好坏要看他的主干与旁枝在思想上是否统一，意思是否连贯，语言是否简介精炼，重点是否突出。1.思想统一（Unity)一个好的句子应该表达一个明确的中心思想，句子各部分都为这个中心服务，从而组成一个有机整体。A)TheexplorerwhohasjustreturnedfromtheAntarcticisbusywritingreportsonhisadventureonthatice-coveredcontinent,wherehedidnotseeanimalsexceptpenguin.B)Theexplorerwhohasjustgotadivorceisbusywritingreportsonhisadventureonthatice-coveredcontinent,wherehedidnotseeanimalsexceptpenguin.2.通顺连贯（Coherence)连贯性要求句子各个成分之间关系明确、衔接得当，从而使句子通顺自然。（1）避免不必要的转换句子主语或语态。A)Theswimmerslimberedupandthentheirdailytrainingbegan.B)Theswimmerslimberedupandbegantheirdailytraining.（2）善于使用平行结构平行结构是由and,both…and,aswellas,ratherthan,but,while,or,either…or,notonly…butalso等连接单词、词组、从句从而形成的一种并列结构。e.g.OvertheyearsIhavebeenconsideringhowthosedisputescouldbesolvedbypeacefulmeans,ratherthanbywar.3.简介精炼（conciseness)英、汉写作都尊崇“言以简洁为贵”。在不影响表意的情况下，用最少的语言文字表达最多的内容。（1）将几个松散的简单句合成一个句子。A)TheyneedmorehelpinEnglish.Thisisquiteobvious.ItisquiteobviousthattheyneedmorehelpinEnglish.B)Whatmakesmandifferentfromalltheotheranimals?Mancanlearnanduselanguage.Butotheranimalscan’t.Mandiffersfromalltheotheranimalsinhisabilitytolearnanduselanguage.(2)将从句缩减为短语，短语缩减为单词。A)Tobeasfranklyaspossible,theplayisafailure.Frankly,theplayisafailure.A)EducatorsreportthatthegenerationthathasgrownupwithtelevisioncanbarelywriteanEnglishsentence,eventhecollegelevel.EducatorsreportthatthegenerationgrowingupwithtelevisioncanbarelywriteanEnglishsentence,eventhecollegelevel.(3)少用therebe句型A)Therearemanychildrenwhoarescaredofwaterandhatetotaketheswimmingcourse.Manychildrenaresoscaredofwaterthattheyhatetotaketheswimmingcourse.B)Therearefewpastimesthatbringafamilyclosertogetherthangatheringaroundandlisteningtomotherorgatherreadagoodstory.Fewpastimesbringafamilyclosertogetherthangatheringaroundandlisteningtomotherorgatherreadagoodstory.4.重点突出（emphasis)重点突出就是强调重要的、关键的信息。（1）将最重要的内容放在句尾，次要放在句首，最不重要的放在句中。A)Hestoodthere,bleedingallover,firmasarock.Firmasarock,hestoodthere,bleedingallover.Bleedingallover,firmasarock,hestoodthere.B)Inspiteofhisfailure,heremainscheerful.(2)将句子中的成分按照从小到大，从轻到重，从外表到本质的顺序排列，步步推进。A)Shewaskind-hearted,good-lookingandwell-mannered.Shewasgood-looking,well-manneredandkind-hearted.B)Hesaidhehadlostinterestinlife,fame,positionandmoneyafterthattragicevent.Hesaidafterthattragiceventhehadlostinterestinmoney,position,fame,andlife.统考作文实用套语根据历年四、六级作文的出题范围和内容，总结并提出了15种英语短文写作的基本句式和套语。分别是：表原因、变化、比较、优缺点、看法、措施、结论以及重要性。常用基本句式和套语如下：表示原因•Therearethreereasonsforthis.•Thereasonsforthisareasfollows.•Thereasonsforthisareobvious.•Anumberoffactorscanaccountfor…•Severalfactorsareresponsiblefor…•Partoftheexplanationis…表示优点好处•Ithasthefollowingadvantages.•Itdoesusalotofgood.•Itbenefitsusquitealot.•Itbenefitsusinseveralways/respects/aspects.•Itbenefitsusinthefollowingways.表示缺点、坏处•Ithassomedisadvantages.•Itdoesusharm.•Itisharmful.•Aseverycoinhastwosides,…alsohassomedisadvantages.•While…hassomanyadvantages,weshouldnotignoretheproblemitbringsus.表示措施、办法•Now,itisurgentfor…totakesomemeasurestodosomethingaboutit.•Weshouldtakesomeeffectivemeasures.•Whatshouldwedotosolvetheproblem?•We’lltryourbesttoovercomethesedifficulties.表示看法•Peoplehave/take/adoptdifferentattitudestowards….•Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisquestion/problem.•Somepeoplebelievethat…Othersarguethat…•Mostpeoplethinkitgoodto…•Inmyopinion,whetheritisfoodorbaddependsonhowwelookatit.•AsfarasIamconcerned,Iaminfavorofthelatter/former.•Contrarytotheaboveview,someothersinsistthat…•But/However/Nevertheless,somepeopledisagreetotheview/holdtheoppositeview.表示部分Somepeople…,others…,andstillothers…Mostpeople…表示重要性、困难•Itisimportant/necessary/vital/difficult/convenient/possibleforsb.todosth.•Itplaysanimportant/vitalrolein…•Wethinkitnecessarytodo…引入要讨论的问题、现象•Itisgenerallyconsidered/believed/recognizedthat…•Nowadays,(moreandmore)peoplebelievethat/areconcernedabout…•Withthedevelopment/progress/growthoftheeconomy/education…•Withthequickeningpaceofmodernlife…•Withthedevelopmentofourlivingconditions,表示变化•Somechangeshavetakenplaceinthepastfiveyears.•Thecomputerhasbroughtaboutgreatchangesineducation.•However,that’snotthecase.表示事实、现状•Wecannotignore/overlookthefactthat…•Thepresentsituationisserious.表示结论、总结•Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecancometotheconclusionthat…•Fromtheaboveanalysis,wecanseethat…•Inshort,itcanbesaidthat…•Onlyinthisway,canwe…•Aslongaswe…,wecan…表示比较ComparedwithA,Bis…IncomparisonwithA,Bhasmanyadvantages.引出某种观点•Nowadays,itisacommonbeliefthat…•Thereisapublicdebatetoday•Whenitcomesto…,manypeoplethink…•Withregardtothequestion/topic,differentpeoplehavedifferentanswers/opinions/people’sopinionsdiffergreatlyfrompersontoperson.套语•Itisknowntousthat…•Thisisatopic/question/problemw