英文论文的结构

英语论文的结构机电工程学院唐荣年ConstructionguidelinesTitleAbstractIntroductionMethodsResultsReferencesTablesandfigures1.TitleBeshort,accurate,andunambiguousGiveyourpaperadistinctpersonalityBeginwiththesubjectofthestudyTips：（1）Careful&Meaningful（2）Don’tbeginwith‘Studieson….，Investigationon……’(1)AstudyofthestructuralseriesintheTl-Ca-Ba-Cu-Osuperconductingsystem(2)FormationmechanismofH2Ti3O7nanotubes(3)SurfacestructuralchemistryofhighTcsuperconductorsbyHREM(4)Directpreparationofnanoporouscarbonbynanocasting(5)Synthesis,structuresolution,characterizationandcatalyticpropertiesofTNU-10:ahigh-silicazeolitewiththeSTItopology(1)Thetitleistheonlypartofyourpapermostpeoplewillread-makeitclear,conciseandinformative;(2)Actualfindingsshouldbedescribedwithclaimsthatcanbesupported(3)Itshouldbecatchy/memorable(4)Thetitleisalabel,notasentence(1)Studentfirst,supervisorsecond(2)Anauthorofapapershouldbedefinedasonewhotakesintellectualresponsibilityfortheresearchresultsbeingreported(3)Givecreditwhereitisdue.Itdoesnotcostanything,anditcreatesfriends.Scienceismoreofasocialactivitythanyoumightthink(4)Authors’affiliationsandcorrespondingauthorThelistofAuthorsTheabstractisvitallyimportant--withoutdoubtthemostimportant200--300wordsinthepaperNeverforgetthattheabstractisoftentheonlythingreaderswillreadfromyourpaper.Payattentiontoit!Makeitveryconcise,clear-cut,easytoread.Avoidtechnicaltermsorcomplicatedreasoning2.AbstractuseshortsentencesworkiswritteninpasttenseuseactivevoiceThispaper……Thisstudy……Shouldinclude:Purposes,Procedures,Methods,Results,ConclusionsShouldanswer:WhatIwanttodo?HowIdidit?WhatresultsdidIget?WhatconclusionscanIdraw?Whatisnewandoriginalinthispaper?Tips:First1-2sentences:introductiontotheconceptNext1-2sentences:thesystemandthespecificquestionNextxsentences,abriefsummaryoftheresultsFinal1-2sentences:conclusionNotice:TypedasasingleparagraphNoabbreviations/orcitationsEliminateorminimizebackgroundinformationAvoidrepeatingthetitleorpartofthetitleinthefirstsentenceoftheabstractLimittheabstracttonewinformationdon’tusecommentarywords(satisfying…,most)Thisinvestigationwasperformedtoseeifthealuminuminpopcans(易拉罐)andaluminumcookwareenterstheliquidtheycontain.Itwashypothesizedthataluminumdoesentertheliquidsinaluminumcansandcookware.Thisexperimentwasperformedbytestingsevendifferenttypesofcarbonatedbeveragesandwaterboiledinaluminumcookwareforthreehours.Everyhourasamplewasremovedfortesting.Thecookwareconsistedofanewandoldaluminumpot.Thecolorimetricmethodwasusedtodeterminetheconcentrationofaluminum.Theresultsshowedthataluminumwaspresentincarbonatedbeveragesandinthewaterboiledinthecookware.Itwasconcludedthataluminumexistedincarbonatedbeveragesandsubstancescookedinaluminumcookware,andthattheconcentrationofaluminumincreasedwithtime.Objectives,purpose,hypotheses..............................................………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Methods,materials,procedures.................................................…………………………………………………………………………………………..Results,data,observations,discussion...........................................……………………………………………………………………Conclusions.............................................................................................................................Journalexample:Conferenceexample:solved:…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Objectivesofthisstudy,hypothesis:....................................……………………………………………………………Methods,materials,procedures:...................................................…………………………………………………………..Results,data,observations,discussion:...............................................Conclusions:.............................................................................Dissertationexample:Background,problemsthatneedtobesolved,rationaleforthepresentstudy........................................................…………………………………………………………….Objectivesandscopeofthisstudy.............................................................................................................…………………….Outlineofthemaincontentsandresults............................................................................................................Conclusions:.............................................................WhatisknownWhatisnotknownWhywedidthisstudy3.IntroductionNomorethan3pagesAbadbeginningmakesabadending(Correctwriting……)callattentiontothespecificsubject,definetheproblem(Nottoomuch)providebackgroundandpresentthestudyresultsShouldnotbe(too)technicallistthestructureofyourresearchprojectandwhatyouplantopresentinyourpaperTips:thewaytoinducetheproblemThedeficiencyofWang’sapproachis…Theproblemofthesepapers…However,themechanismhasnotbeenfullyunderstood.Noneoftheotherphaseshavebeenexaminedindetail.CarefullychooseWordforthefirsttime,most,……..proveddon’tcopyotherpapers’introductions4.MethodsParticipantsMeasurementsOutcomesandexplanatoryvariablesStatisticalmethodsSufficientdetailsothatworkcanberepeatedDescribenewmethodsindetail-thedegreeofreplicationandsensitiv