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$听写$Lesson54MultipleChoice1.b2.d3.a4.c5.c6.a7.c8.d9.b10.b11.b12.c$$NASA(NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration)美国航空航天局$Lesson55Fromtheearth:GreetingsLing$Doyoubelieveinaliens?Watchtheviedo.$Question:Doyoubelieveinaliens?$FROMTHEEARTH:GREETINGS$Whichlifeformsaremostlikelytodevelopondistantplanet?Itwouldbebacteriaandplantlife.Whyisitmajorachievementtobeabletofindnewplanetsinspace?Becausetheyare(relativelyspeaking)verysmallanddonotemitlight.$Whycan'tallplanetssupportlife?Notallplanetscansupportlifebecauseconditionshavetobejustright:thesizeandbrightnessofitsstar(or'sun')havetobejustright,too.Whatwillbeoneofthegreatastronomicalprojectsofthetwenty-firstcentury?Itwillbethedevelopmentofatelescopecapableofdetectingthepresenceoflifeondistantplanets.$astronomyrelativeinfinitelysolarVenusMarsorbitastronomicalgenerateparticleJupiterblotanalysebacteriaoxygenrealmendeavourNewwordsandexpressions$TheSolarSystemorbit$•solaradj.太阳的；太阳能的•~system•太阳系•~radiation•太阳辐射•~cell•太阳能电池•lunaradj.月球的；月亮的•a~eclipse月食$•atotalsolareclipse•atotallunar~•apartialsolar~•apartiallunar~•全食，偏食$•orbitn.(天体等运行的）轨道•beputinto~aroundtheearth•被送上了环绕地球的轨道•（人、组织等的）影响范围、势力范围•come/fall/bewithinsb's~•进入/落入/属于某人的势力范围•v.~(around)sth沿轨道运行；围绕...运动•e.g-Theearthtakesayeartoorbitthesun.$•astronomyn.天文学•astronomicaladj.天文学的;(数量、价格等）极其巨大的•e.g-Thefiguresare~.这些都是天文数字。•astronomern.天文学家•Wordsrelatetoastronomy:$•astrology占星学•astronaut宇航员•astrophysics天体物理学•BigDipper北斗七星•cluster星团•constellation星群，星座•cosmos宇宙•cosmology宇宙学•galaxy星系•milkyway银河系•meteor流星•nebula星云•polestar北极星•revolution公转•rotation自转•astro-:star$Closeyourbookandlistenagain.$•RecentdevelopmentsinastronomyhavemadeitpossibletodetectplanetsinourownMilkyWayandinothergalaxies.•detectv.发现，查明•detectableadj.察觉得到的•detectiven.侦探•make使变得，使成为•“make+宾语+宾语补足语”$•小结：•一、“make＋宾语＋n.”意为“使、让某人/某物(成为)……”。如：•e.g-Wemadehimcaptainofourfootballteam.我们推选他作我们足球队队长。•二、“make＋宾语＋adj.”意为“使某人/某事(变得)……”。如：•e.g-Thenewsthatourteamhadwonmadeusveryhappy.我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。$•三、“make＋宾语＋dosth.（不带to的不定式）”意为“使某人做某事”。如:•e.g-Ourteachermakesusfeelmoreconfident.老师使得我们感到更自信了。•四、“make＋宾语＋Ｖ-ed（过去分词作宾补）”这个结构指宾语接受后面的那个动作，表示被动的意思，意为“使某人/某事被……”。如：•e.g-Thestrangenoisemadeusfrightened.奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。•e.g-Thegoodnewsmadeusexcited.这个好消息使我们兴奋。$•Thisisamajorachievementbecause,inrelativeterms,planetsareverysmallanddonotemitlight.•inrelativeterms相对来说•relativeadj.相比较而言的•e.g-幸福是一个相对的概念。•-Happinessisa~concept.•relativityn.相对性•thethroryof~相对论$•Findingplanetsisprovinghardenough,butfindinglifeonthemwillproveinfinitelymoredifficult.•译1：•光是想出这个主意已经很困难了，实行起来更是难上加难。•Justcomingupwiththisideaisprovinghardenough,butputtingitintopracticewillproveinfinitelymoredifficult.$•译2：•找到一份工作已属不易，找一份高薪的工作就更是难上加难了。•Findingajobisprovinghardenough,butfindingonewithahighsalarywillproveinfinitelymoredifficult.$•infinitelyadv.无限地，无穷地;非常•e.g-你的英语比我的德语好太多了。•-YourEnglishis~betterthanmyGerman.•e.g-人类的适应力是无限的。•-Humanbeingsare~adapatable.•infiniteadj.•infinityn.$ToseeaworldinagrainofsandAndaheaveninawildflower,HoldinfinityinthepalmofyourhandAndeternityinanhour.WilliamBlake《Toseeaworldinagrainofsand》一沙见世界,一花窥天堂。手心握无限,须臾纳永恒。在一颗沙粒中见一个世界，在一朵鲜花中见一片天空，在你的掌心里把握无限，在一个钟点里把握无穷。从一粒沙看世界，从一朵花看天堂，把永恒纳进一个时辰，把无限握在自己手心。一花一世界，一沙一天国，君掌盛无边，刹那含永劫。$•Thefirstquestiontoansweriswhetheraplanetcanactuallysupportlife.•toanswer不定式做后置定语whetheraplanetcanactuallysupportlife是表语从句$•Inourownsolarsystem,forexample,VenusisfartoohotandMarsisfartoocoldtosupportlife.•far可以与too及原级形容词连用，表“太／过于”•e.g-Itisfartoodangeroustogooutinastorm．-暴风中外出太过危险。•e.g-Heisfartoobusytodealwiththetrifles．-他太忙碌，无暇处理这些琐碎的事情。$•OnlytheEarthprovidesidealconditions,andevenhereithastakenmorethanfourbillionyearsforplantandanimallifetoevolve.•Whetheraplanetcansupportlifedependsonthesizeandbrightnessofitsstar,thatisits'sun'.•dependon依赖,依靠;取决于,随…而定•e.g-结果将依我们表现的好坏而定。-Theoutcomewilldependonhowwellweperform.$•Imagineastaruptotwentytimeslarger,brighterandhotterthanourownsun.Aplanetwouldhavetobeaverylongwayfromittobecapableofsupportinglife.•Alternatively,ifthestarweresmall,thelife-supportingplanetwouldhavetohaveacloseorbitrounditandalsoprovidetheperfectconditionsforlifeformstodevelop.•providesb.withsth.•providesth.forsb.$•Buthowwouldwefindsuchaplanet?Atpresent,thereisnotelescopeinexistencethatiscapableofdetectingthepresenceoflife.•atpresent现在,目前•inexistence存在•comeintoexistence开始存在•believeintheexistenceof...相信..的存在$•他过去不相信上帝的存在，但是现在他相信了。•Hedidn'tbelieveintheexistenceofGod,butnowhedoes.•这是现存最古老的希伯来语（Hebrew）手稿。•ThisistheoldestHebrewmanuscriptinexistence.•巴基斯坦（Pakistan）在战后开始作为一个独立的国家存在。•Pakistancameintoexistenceasanindependentcountryafterthewar.$•Itisimpossibletolookforlifeonanotherplanetusingearth-basedtelescopes.•-based以...为重要部分（或特征）；以...为主•e.g-lead-basedpaints•-铅基涂料•e.g-以阶级为特征的社会•-aclass-basedsociety$•Ourownwarmatmosphereandtheheatgeneratedbythetelescopewouldmakeitimpossibletodetectobjectsassmallasplanets.•generateheat/electricity/power/income/profit•~newideas•~interest•e.g-严重的失业会引发一系列社会问题。•-Seriousunemploymentwillgenerateaseriesofsocialproblems.$•Evenatelescopeinorbitroundtheea