多孔水凝胶研究进展

:20066,:20069*(No.50372008)**e-mail:[e-mail]多孔水凝胶研究进展*卢国冬燕青芝宿新泰刘中清葛昌纯**(北京科技大学特种陶瓷粉末冶金研究室北京100083)水凝胶是亲水性而又不溶于水的高分子聚合物材料,因其独特的吸水保水和仿生特性而受到材料科学和生物医学工作者的关注将多孔结构引入水凝胶可以极大地提高其溶胀率溶胀速率和刺激敏感性本文结合作者实验室开展的波聚合法制备多孔水凝胶的研究工作,较全面地介绍了国内外多孔水凝胶材料的研究现状及其在生物医药领域的应用,并对其发展前景进行了展望水凝胶多孔结构成孔机理溶胀性:O648117;TQ31412:A:1005-281X(2007)04-0485-09ProgressofPorousHydrogelsLuGuodongYanQingzhiSuXintaiLiuZhongqingGeChangchun**(LaboratoryofSpecialCeramicsandPowderMetallurgy,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijing,Beijing100083,China)AbstractHydrogelsconsistofathree-dimensionalnetworkofslightlycross-linkedpolymersthatcanabsorbwaterandswellreadilywithoutdissolving.Theyhavebeenofgreatinteresttobiomaterialfields,attributingtotheirparticularhydrophilic,bioniccharactersandpotentialtobebiocompatible.Theintroductionofporousstructurewilldramaticallyimprovetheirswellingability,waterabsorptionrateandstimulationsensitivity.Thisarticlereviewstheresearchprogressandbiomedicalapplicationsoftheseporoushydrogelsdomesticandabroad.Authors.workinpreparationofporoushydrogelsbyfrontalpolymerizationisreferred.Thepossibletopicsofporoushydrogelsinthefutureinvestigationarediscussed.Keywordshydrogels;porousstructures;mechanismofporosityformation;swellingproperties1(hydrogels),,,[1)8]:();,,,,[9],:t=L2PD(1),t;L,,L,,L;D19420074化学进展PROGRESSINCHEMISTRYVol.19No.4Apr.,2007,,,[10],,P,,,,[11](),,,,PP:;,)))2,211,,,,,,,Kato[12)14](HPC)N-(PNIPAAm),,,,,,,,,,[15][12,13],,,[16]Oxley[17],P,,,(UV),P,(PVA)[18],P,;P,,212,,,21211,:,,;,,,,,,,,,PPradas[19],Aroca[20](PHEA),#486#化学进展19,;,7[19],(2),,,,[21]21212(),--,;,;[22,23],(LCST),PNIPAAmHPCLCST,,;LCST,,,,,,,,,Kabra[24],,LCST,,,;,LCST;LCSTKishi[25],(PVME),,,Hirsch[26]HPC,,213,,,,2)50nm,21311,,;,,,Imhof[27](,)(PAAM),1LmPartap[28],,,(75%)90%),,[29,30],CO2Butler[31,32](74105%vPv)CO2PPAAMPHEA,CO2P,;,CO2,CO2P,,Partap[28],#487#4CO2,,Ca2+,(RET),,,,21312,,,,,;,,Antonietti[33,34],PAAMPNIPAAm(PHEMA),;Zhao[35]pH,P,pH1,[36],,,214,,,,(PEG)NaClCaCO3,Zhang[37]PEGPNIPAAmPEG,,PEG,,,20LmPNIPAAm,PEG,CaCO3,Serizawa[38]NIPAAm,HF,PNIPAAm,,,:,;;[39]215,,,Chen[40]NaHCO3P,300Lm,(10)100nm)(100nm)10Lm),,,Chen[41],(Ac-D-iSol)Ac-D-iSol,,,Kabiri[42,43]NaHCO3,,2003[44)47],,#488#化学进展19,,,,1[45],1[45]Fig.1Schematicrepresentationofafrontalpolymerization[45]2a:,b:[48]Fig.2SEMofporouspoly(acrylamide)hydrogelspreparedbyfrontalpolymerization[48]NaHCO3,;,,,;,,,NaHCO3,CO2,,,,NaHCO3,NaHCO3,,2[48]1Lm015Lm;,011Lm70%)90%10mm3mm140min80min,634gPg481gPg,,,,,216(interpenetratingpolymernetworks,IPNIPNs)IPN,,;IPN,,IPN[49]:,,,;,,;,Zhang[50]IPN-PNIPAAm;DeMoura[51,52]Ca2+PNIPAAm-PNIPAAmPNIPAAm;,(BSA)IPN-PNIPAAm;IPNP,,217,#489#4Kang[53](E-)--(E-)(PCL-b-PEO-b-PCL)PCL015molPLNaOH100eP(40P60),,PEO,,Sannino[54](PIT)(GLT)PIT,,,GLT(),,;,PITGLT,GLT,,31960WichterleLim[55],[2];,,,,[6,56]:/0,pH;/0,/0pHP,,1[57],,,1[57]Table1Examplesofpossibleenvironmentalstimuliandresponseswithintelligenthydrogels[57]stimulusresponsepHchemicalPbiochemicaltemperature(stimulatesorinhibitsreactionsorrecognitionprocesses)specificsubstancephaseseparation(precipitation)solventorsaltsshape(shrinksorswells)electricalfieldsurface(becomesnon-wetting)photopermeability(increasesordecreasessharply)mechanicalstressmechanical(hardensorsoftens)optical(clearsuporopacifies,becomescolored)electrical(generatessignal,electrochemicalreactionoccurs)pH,,31131111,,,,(PGA,PLAPLGA)[58,59],,[1],,[1],,[2],[60]#490#化学进展19[61],,10mm,[62]N-,,,,[19,61],PPHEMA,[19,63],Ò,N,N-,,,20%,17MPa,[63],70)300Lm,[64],90,,,(RGD),,Loebsack[65]RGD78%-RGD6,,,;,,-RGD,199056()19945619971020004,,2279,1197%,,[5],31112[8](HA)(PVA),PVA,HAPVA,,,,31113(),,,,,,/0/0,:;,[66]32-(HEMA)(PEG6000)N,Nc-,,P(AM-co-HEMA),,,H2O2,8114%,#491#4312,,,,(),;,,,,(),))),,[67,68],pH,,;,,()PNIPAAm,LCST,,PNIPAAm,Cheng[69]PNIPAAm,PNIPAAm(BSA)LCST(25e),BSA70h,40%,;LCST(37e),1h(BSA50%),,70h15%,,,Risbud[70]-PVP(polyvinylpyrrolidone)pH,:,pH,;,(pH=110),3h7312%(31168%),,,,,4,,,;,,,,,,,:,,,(),(P);,;,[1]LeeKY,DavidJM.Chem.Rev.,2001,101:1869)1879[2]HoffmanAS.Adv.DrugDeliver.Rev.,2002,43:3)12[3]RosiakJM,UlanskiP,RzeznickiA.Nucl.Instrum.Meth.B,1995,105:335)339[4]LangerR.Nature,1998,392:5)10[5](MoJM),(JinBY),(LiuDS).(ChineseJournalofAestheticMedicine),2001,10:62)68[6](XuL),(ZengQX),(ZhangLY).(Food&Machinery),2005,22:76)78[7](YaoKD),(YinYJ).(BiomaterialsRelevanttoTissueEngineering).(Beijing):(ChemicalIndustryPress),2003.49)69#492#化学进展19[8](XuFL),(LiYB),(YaoXM).(ActaMateriaeCompositaeSinica),2005,22:27)31[9]TanakaT,FillmoreDJ.J.Chem.Phys.,1979,70:1214)1218[10]HosseinO,JoseG,ParkK.J.Control.Release,2005,102:3)12[11]ElliottJE.PhDThesisoftheUniversityofColorado(USA),2001[12]KatoN,TakahashiF.Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.,1997,70:1289)1295[13]KatoN,SakaiY,ShibataS.Macromolecules,2003,36:961)963[14]KatoN,GehrkeSH.ColloidSurfaceB,2004,38:191)196[15]KangHW,TabataY,IkadaY.Biomaterials,1999,20:1339)1344[16]KoreyDJ,SchwartzJB.J.Parenter.Sci.Technol.,1989,43:80)87[17]OxleyHR,CorkhillPH,FittonJH,etal.Biomaterials,1993,14:1064)1072[18]RicciardiR,AuriemmaF,RosaCD,etal.Macromolecules,2004,37:1921)1927[19]PradasMM,RibellesaJLG,A