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定语从句定语从句复习在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。别修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有：which,that,who,whom,whose。引导英语从句的关系副词有：where,when,why。Themanwholivesnexttoussellsnewspapers.先行词放置于名词之_____，修饰名词的从句关系词翻译作：“-------的”连接作用1.2.在从句中充当成分后关系词1.关系代词2.关系副词1.指人2.指物3.指某一情况thatwhowhomwhosethatwhichwhosewhichas不能放于句首放于句中或句首“正如”whenwherewhy(主语/宾语)(状语)注：1.介词提前时一般只用which和whom。2.whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich/ofwhom先行词是物先行词是人定语地点状语时间状语主宾主宾关系代词whichthatwhowhomwhose关系副词wherewhen考点一:宜用that引导的定语从句1)ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasATaleofTwoCitiesbyCharlesDickens.2)Everythingthatwesawinthefactorygreatlyinterestedus.3)Weweretalkingaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwerememberedinourschool.4)Itistheveryskirtthatsuitsmewell.序数词或最高级形容词修饰先行词时，要用that。all,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词作先行词时用that。先行词有两个，既有人也有物，要用that。先行词前有theonly,thevery,theright等修饰时，要用that。考点二:宜用which引导的定语从句1)Thehouseinwhichtheylivedlastyearhasbeenrebuilt.2)Heboughtarailwayticketforthewoman,whichhelpedheralot.当定语从句的介词提前时，要用which。引导非限制性定语从句时，要用which。考点二:宜用which引导的定语从句3.LetmeshowyouthebookthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous.如果有两个定语从句，其中一句的关系词是that，另一句用which.考点三:宜用who引导的定语从句。HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.Thosewhowereeitherfoolsorunfitfortheirofficescouldnotseethecloth.当先行词是人称代词或是those,anyone等时，常用who。1、_____isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.（04江苏）A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As2、Johnsaidhe’dbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,_______wastrue.（01北京春季）A．heB．thisC．whichD．who1)非限制性定语从句一般采用which或as来引导。使用这两个词时要注意二点：（1）as引导的从句可以放在主句之前或句中，而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。（2）从意义上讲，which指前面主句的内容；而as指代的是作为一般人都知道的常识性的东西，因此常译成“就象……那样、正如所……的”。考点四：关系代词:asDC注意thesame…as/such…as的使用问题当先行词被thesame所修饰时，关系词既可以用as，也可以用that。在表示具体事物时，有时两者有一定的区别。一般说来，表示同一种类多用as，表示同一事物多用that。如：1.Thisisthesameinstrument______Iusedyesterday.这就是我昨天用过的那台仪器。2.Thisisthesameinstrument______Iusedyesterday.这台仪器跟我昨天用过的那台一样。3.Ihavethesameopinion_________youhave.thatasas/that在抽象概念上，同种类和同一事物是没有绝对区别的，所以两个词可换用：Suchas与suchthat1.1).Itissuchaninterestingbook_____weallwanttoreadtwice.2).Itissuchaninterestingbook____weallwanttoreadittwice.Aas,asB.that,thatC.as,thatD.that,as2.Ihaveneverheardsuchstories____hetells.A.AsB.thatC.whichD.whatCA考点五：分析有无先行词,巧解定语从句试题先行词是被定语从句所修饰的中心名词,没有它的存在,定语从句就不能成立。例1:Isthisfactory________youvisitedyesterday?A.WhichB.thatC.whereD.theoneD例2:Thestudentsinourclassstudyharderthan________areintheirclass.A.whoB.thosewhoC.thatD.which分析语境含义及句子结构可知,该空缺少先行词和在定语从句中作主语的关系代词,所以应填thosewho。B考点6：whose指物时可与ofwhich等互换，但应注意与冠词的位置关系。如：Thisisthebookthecoverofwhichwhosecoverisblue.其封面1)Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from_______effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what2)GeorgeOrwell,______wasEricArthur,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.A.therealnameB.whathisrealnameC.hisrealnameD.whoserealnameBD考点7：关系代词和关系副词的比较1、Istillrememberthefarm_____wevisitedthreemonthsago?A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what2、Istillrememberthefarm_____welivedthreemonthsago?CA当先行词是表时间的time,day等和表地点的place,house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构。如果缺少主语或宾语，关系词应该用which或that,缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where。题1中的farm作visited的宾语，故选C；题2中的farm作lived的地点状语，故选A。1.where的用法：表……的地方，修饰场所、方位名词。Thisisthehouse.Iwasborninthehouse.=Thisisthehouse________Iwasborn.先行词关系副词=Thisisthehouse______Iwasbornin.=Thisisthehouse_________Iwasborn.注：关系副词可等于”介词+关系副词“wherewhichinwhich2.when的用法：表……的时候，修饰日子年代等名词。Wewillneverforgettheday_______jointheparty.3.why的用法：表……的原因，……的理由。Thereason________Icalledistoinviteyoutoaparty.注：区分与关系代词的区别，只要在定语从句中担任状语的，就是关系副词。whenwhy1、Theplace____thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe___thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.(05江苏卷)A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich2、Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,____hewentontoCambridge.（05山东卷）A.fromwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichD.fromthisCC题1中theplace在定语从句中作tobebuilt的地点状语，此处的atwhich相当于where;后面是表语从句，表示建在某地。题2表示读完当地的语法学校后去剑桥深造，故选C。介词加关系代词引导定语从句是近几年高考中的热点，复习中需注意以下几个问题：１．关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用whom指人，which指物；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：Doyouknowtheboy_________shewastalking?Doyouknowtheboy_________shewastalkingto?Thepencil______________hewaswritingwithsuddenlybroke.考点8：介词加关系代词引导定语从句towhom(that)(which/that)Difficultpoints:1.Lastweekourmathsteachersetsodifficultanexaminationproblem______noneofusworkeditout.Lastweekourmathsteachersetsodifficultanexaminationproblem____noneofusworkedout.thatasso/such…that+完整的句子:“如此…以致…”so/such…as+定语从句thesame…as+定语从句Difficultpoints:2.HewasmadetoworkonSundays,______madehimunhappy._____isknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinourclass.whichAs代替整个主句，可用which（不能用于句首）;as也可以代替整个主句，可以放句首或句中。注意：as有“正如”，“就象”之意，而which则没有此意。as常用于以下句式中：asissaidabove,asalreadymentionedabove,asisknowntoall(=asweallknow),asisoftenthecase,asisreportedinthenewspaper,etc.由as引导的定语从句as可作为关系代词和关系副词来引导定语从句。1.such…as…“像……一样的”，“像……之类”thesame…as…“和……同样的在着两个句型中，as是关系代词，其中such&same做定语，修饰主句的名词、代词，这个名词是这个定语从句的先行词，as在从句中担任主、宾、表。例如：Thisisthesamethingasweareinneedof.Suchpeopleasyousayareshortnow.2.…suchas…such为代词，意思为”这样的人/物“，as修饰先行词such。例如：ThisbookisnotsuchasIhope.3.thesame…as…/thesame…that…“用一个”asthat都引导定语从句。意思几乎相同。但从句中省去谓语是必须用as.例如