字母在单词中的读音规则英语单词的发音涉及:元音,半元音,辅音,字母组合。元音字母:aeiou半元音字母:y辅音字母:bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxz在学习字母发音规律之前,我们可以通过下面这首儿歌大体了解一下单词的构成和认读方法:构成单词者,字母或组合,字母分三类,元音半元辅,辅音有阴阳,音变音不变,五辅音变化,记住月如钩,剩余十五辅,发音从不变,分解单词时,先组后字母。一、辅音字母的发音辅音字母中的“c,g,q,s,x”发音是有变化的。1.字母c的发音:/s/、/k/①发/s/,当字母c在字母“e,i,y”前面时。如facecityLucy②发/k/,其他情况下发/k/,如cakefactcute。2.字母g的发音:/dʒ/、/g/①发/dʒ/,当字母g在字母“e,i,y”前面时,一般发/dʒ/如:pagemagicgyp。②发/g/,其他情况下发/g/,如:goatdog。3.字母q的发音:/kw/字母q不单独出现,和字母u一起连用,qu发/kw/如:quiltqueen。4.字母s的发音:/s/、/z/①发/s/,字母s在元音字母前或后时发/s/,如:sadsafesixglasskissmiss;在清辅音后发/s/,如:booksshops;②在浊辅音后发/z/,如:readsrooms。5.字母x的发音/ks/字母x在字母中一般都发/ks/,如:foxboxmixfix。其他15个辅音字母的发音是不变的。发音不变化的辅音字母的发音规律是:这些字母在不同单词中出现时,所对应的发音不变,所以只要看到这些字母在单词中出现,就能立刻知道其发音。每个字母的发音分别是:b/b/,d/d/,f/f/,h/h/,j/dʒ/,k/k/,l/l/,m/m/,n/n/,p/p/,r/r/,t/t/,v/v/,w/w/,z/z/。二、半元音字母的发音:字母y是半元音,在单词开头时发/j/,如yellowyesyet,在单词中或结尾时发/aɪ/,如bytypecrytrymyfly。三、元音字母的发音:1.元音字母A/æ//eɪ//ɑ://ɔ://ə//ɒ/①发/æ/,字母a被辅音字母挤住时。如单词:atcatbathatfatratbadhadsadapple②发/eɪ/,以e结尾的单词中。如单词:cakelaketakewakelategatenamesame③发/ɑ:/,在字母s前发/ɑ:/。如单词:classglasspasspastask④发/ɔ:/,在字母l前发/ɔ:/。如单词:alsoalwaysalmost⑤发/ə/,字母a在非重读音节中发/ə/。如单词:agoanotherarrive⑥发/ɒ/,如单词:whatwatch2.元音字母E在单词最后不发音,其他情况一般发/e//ɪ//i:/①发/e/,字母e被辅音字母挤住时。如:tenpenhensentbetgetletnetdress②字母e在单词后不发音。③发/ɪ/,字母e在非重读音节中发/ɪ/。如:decidedelicious④发/i:/,当ee时发/i:/。如:beebeefseeseemseed3.元音字母I在单词中的发音:/ɪ/、/aɪ/①发/ɪ/,当字母I被辅音字母挤住时发/ɪ/,如:pigbighimlipsitsixfixdidfishswim②发/aɪ/,在以字母e结尾的单词中,字母I发它本身的音。如:bikelikeridenicekite4.元音字母o在单词中的发音:/ɒ/、/əʊ/①发/ɒ/,字母o被辅音字母挤住时发/ɒ/,如:hotfoxboxfrogdogshopclockstopfromdolloff②发/əʊ/,以e结尾的单词中。如:stonephonebonebroke5.元音字母u在单词中的发音:/ʌ/、/ju:/①发/ʌ/,被辅音字母挤住时发/ʌ/,如:cupmugsunjugupus②发/ju:/,以e结尾的单词中。如:cute四、常见组合字母的发音规律。1.元音字母组合的读音规律ar/ɑ:/armcarparkfarhardcarder/ə/brothermotherfathersisterteacher/ɜ:/heror/ɜ:/workwordhomework/ɔ:/forshortnorthmorningir/ɜ:/girlbirdshirtcirclefirstur/ɜ:/hurtpurplenurseturnere/ɪə/here/eə/wherethereee/i:/seebeetreemeetgreenai/eɪ/waitrainpaintay/eɪ/dayplaymaysayokaytoday/ɪ/SundayMondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayoy/ɔɪ/soyboytoyoa/əʊ/boatcoatroadoo/U:/zoocoolfoodschoolnoodlesmoonafternoon/ʊ/booklookgoodfootbedroomea/i:/seameatteaeateastread/e/headbreadsweaterheavy/eɪ/great/ɪə/theaterow/aʊ/cowhownowflowerdown/əʊ/knowyellowshowsnowrowwindowou/aʊ/mouthaboutsouthhousecloudy/ʌ/touchui/U:/fruitjuice/ju:/suitair/eə/fairairhairchairear/ɪə/eathearnearyear/eə/wearbearpear/ɜ:/learnearthoor/ɔ:/doorfloorour/ɔ:/fouryourfourteen/aʊ/ourhoursoural/ɔ:/tallsmallball2.辅音字母组合的读音规律①ch/tʃ/chairchantchickenchildrenrichlunch②sh/ʃ/fishshipshyshoesheshortsheep③tr/tr/treetraintrytrip④dr/dr/drinkdragondressdreamdrive⑤th/θ/teeththinthanknorthsouth/ð/thisthattheymotherbrotherwithcloth⑥wh/w/whatwhitewherewhenwhy/h/whosewho⑦ng/ŋ/singringeveningmorningswimming⑧ck/k/knockclockblack⑨ss/s/classglassmissgrassbosspass⑩ph/f/phonephrasephoto⑾tch/tʃ/watchcatchmatch