高中英语重点词汇、词组辨析1.aboveall,afterall,atall,inallaboveall表示“最重要,首先”,常置于句首或句中,作插入语,起强调作用。Aboveall,wehavewonthegame.afterall表示“毕竟,终究,终归,到底”,在句中位置较灵活。Jessicahasturnedouttobeanicegirlafterall.atall表示“根本”。Idon’tlikeMexicanfoodatall.inall表示“总共”,既可放在句首,也可放在句末。Wehavelearned2500Englishwordsinall.2.accept,receiveaccept表示“接受”的意思,是有意识的。I’vereceivedagiftfromhim,butI’mnotgoingtoacceptit.receive表示“收到”的意思,是无意识的。Didyoureceiveanyletterstoday?3.add,addto,add...to,adduptoadd表示“增加,添加,计算……总和,补充说”。Ifthewateristoocold,addsomemorehotwater.addto表示“增添,增加,增进”。Theheavysnowaddedtoourdifficulties.add...to表示“把……加到……”。Addtentoforty,andyouwillgetfifty.addupto表示“合计达到”,该短语不用于被动语态。Allhisschooleducationaddeduptonomorethanoneyear.4.admitsb./sth.to...,admitof,admittoadmitsb./sth.to表示“……允许某人或某物进入某处”。Thisvisawilladmityoutothatcountry.admitof表示“容许有,有……可能,容有……余地”。Thefactsadmitofnootherexplanationadmitto表示“承认”。Sheadmittedtostealingthekeys.5.agreeon,agreeto,agreewith,agreethatagreeon表示“就……取得一致意见”。Wecouldn’tagreeonwhattobuy.agreeto有两层含义和用法:(1)to作为动词不定式符号,其后面跟动词原形,表示“同意做某事”。TheyagreedtomeetonSunday.(2)to作为介词,之后跟表示计划、条件、建议等一类的名词或代词。Themanagerhasagreedtoourplan.agreewith表示“同意某人意见”,其后可跟表示人的名词或代词。Wedidn’tagreewithwhatshesaidatthemeeting.agreethat表示“认为……”,其后跟宾语从句。Weagreedthattheywoulddeliverthesofainthemorning.6.alone,lonelyalone=byoneself,withoutothers表示“独自一人”,可作表语和宾补。Hewenttotheseparateislandallalone.lonely表示“孤独,寂寞”,主观上渴望有伴。若指地方,则表示“人迹罕至的,荒凉的,偏僻的”,可作定语或表语。Theoldmanwasaloneinthehouseonthetopofthehill,buthedidn’tfeellonely.7.anumberof,thenumberofanumberof表示“许多”,谓语动词用复数。Anumberofvisitorspayavisittothemuseumeveryday.thenumberof表示“……的数目”,谓语动词用单数。Thenumberofpandasisincreasing.8.arrive,get,reacharrive表示“达到,抵达”,不及物动词,后接in(大地点),at(小地点)。WhenwillyouarriveinLondon,Mr.Wallace?get表示“到达,抵达”,不及物动词,后接to。Whenwegottotheairport,theflighthadtakenoff.reach表示“到达,抵达”,及物动词。Hisletterreachedmethismorning.9.attheageof,bytheageofattheageof表示“在……岁时”。Shepublishedabookattheageoften.bytheageof表示“到……岁的时候,在……岁以前”。Bytheageofsixteen,hehadwontengoldmetals.10.atthebeginning,inthebeginningatthebeginning表示“在……,在初……开始的时候”,常与of连用。Allofusshouldbecarefulwithourworkatthebeginningofterm.inthebeginning表示“起初,首先”,相当于atfirst。Inthebeginning,someofustooknointerestinthisgame.11.ashamed,shamefulashamed表示“感到羞耻,觉得惭愧,不好意思”,指主观认为是可耻的。Hewasashamedoflosinghiswife’snecklacetheotherday.shameful表示“不可饶恕,可耻”,指事物本身的客观性质是可耻的。Tostealmoneyfromablindpersonisashamefulact.12.beanxiousto,beanxiousfor,beanxiousaboutbeanxiousto表示“急于,渴望”,其中to是不定式符号,后面接动词原形。Weareanxioustoknowtheresultoftheexamination.beanxiousfor表示“渴望”,后面接名词或代词时,强调渴望得到某物或渴望了解某事。Theyoungladywasanxiousforadiamondnecklace.beanxiousabout表示“对……感到不安,为……担心,为……忧虑”。Shewasanxiousaboutherlostson.13.believe,believeinbelieve表示“相信(事物的真实性,人的诚实)”。Idon’tbelieveyou.believein表示“信奉,信仰,信任”。Webelieveinhim.14.bemadeof,bemadefrom,bemadein,bemadeby,bemadeupofbemadeof表示“由……制成”,指从原料到制成品,强调形状变化,并无本质变化(属物理变化)。Thistableismadeofwood.bemadefrom表示“由……制成”,指从原料到制成品,强调质的变化,并已无法复原(属化学变化)。Paperismadefromwood.bemadein表示“某物何时制造的”或“何地产的”。ThisbikewasmadeinShanghai.bemadeby表示“由……制做”,后面接指人的名词或代词,强调动作的执行者。Thekitewasmadebymybrother.bemadeupof表示“由……构成(组成)”。Thefootballteamismadeupof12members.15.bepleasedwith,bepleasedat/about,bepleasedtobepleasedwith表示“对……满意,喜欢……”,后面通常接指人的名词或代词。Thepresidentwaspleasedwithallofhismeninhiscompany.bepleasedat/about表示“对看到或听到的事感到高兴”,后面接指事的名词或v-ing。Iampleasedatseeingsomanystudentspresent.bepleasedto表示“很高兴或很乐意做某事”,其中to是不定式符号,后面接动词原形。MybossmustbepleasedtoseeyouagaininMoscow.16.betiredof,betiredwithbetiredof表示“对某事感到厌烦,厌倦”。I’mtiredofstandinginthewind,doingnothing.betiredwith表示“因为……而累了”。Sheistiredwithrunningalongtime.17.besides,except,exceptforbesides表示“除了……(包括在内)”。Besideschocolateandfruitjuice,weneedbreadandeggs.except表示“除了……(不包括在内)”。Everyoneofus,excepthim,wenttothetheatreforTheTwelfthNight.exceptfor表示“整体……除了某一点以外”。Theessayisgoodexceptforafewmistakes.18.besuretodo,besureofdoingbesuretodo表示“一定的;必定的”,主语可为sb.或sth.。Wearesuretobenefitfromthenewproduction.besureofdoing表示“确信的;肯定的”,主语只能为sb.。Heissureofofferingyouhishelp.19.big,huge,large,vastbig表示“尺度、重量、容积等大”。Ourroomisbiggerthantheirs.huge表示“体积大(还可指超越一定标准的大)”。Thatlittleboywasgivenahugepieceofcake.large表示“面积大,范围大,数目大”。Policediscoveredalargequantityofdrugsinthevan.vast表示“范围、地域大、巨大的”。(也可指数目巨大的)TherearevastforestareasalongtheAmazonRiver.20.beat,hit,strikebeat表示“连续性地击打”。(指无规律的击打)Therainbeatagainstthewindows.hit表示“打中,对准打”。Hehitmewithhishand.strike表示“重击、打一下或若干下”。(指有规律的撞击)Theclockstruck12whenwearrivedthechurch..21.blowdown,blowoff,blowoutblowdown表示“吹倒,刮倒”。Thestrongwindsyesterdayblewdownthousandsoftrees.blowoff表示“吹掉,炸掉,发泄”。Agustofwindblewoffallthepapersonthetable.blowout表示“吹熄,使熄灭”。Emmablewoutthecandle.22.breakawayfrom,breakdown,breakinto,breakout,breakawayfrom表示“脱离,摆脱”。Somemembersbrokeawaytoformanewpoliticalparty.breakdown表示“(机器等)出毛病、出故障”。Mycarbrokedownonthewaytoworkyesterday.breakinto表示“破门而入”。TheofficehasbeenbrokenintotwicesinceChristmas.breakout表示“(火灾、战争、疾病、打斗)突然爆发”。Afightbrokeoutamongthecrowd.23.bringin,bringon,bringoutbringin表示“引来,引进,吸收”。Thenewfilmhasbroughtin