实用商务英语Unit11

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PracticalEnglishWritingForBusinessCourseUnit11:SectionAContracts&Agreements指导:董晓波制作:石珍珍GeneralIntroductionSampleReadingUsefulExpressionsWritingPracticeWhatAreForeignEconomicContractandAgreements.HowIsContractorAgreementLaidout.RulesforwritingContractsandAgreements.1.GeneralRequirements.2.RequirementstotheLanguageofContractsandAgreements.backTradeTermsContractsandAgreements.UsefulSentences1.UsefulSentencesonBuyingImportCommodities2.UsefulSentencesonAgencies3.UsefulSentenceonProcessingandAssemblingTrade(三来一补贸易)4.UsefulSentencesonCompensationtrade(补偿贸易)5.UsefulSentencesonleasingTrade(租赁贸易)backbackWhatAreForeignEconomicContractsandAgreements?涉外经济合同是我国的企业或其他经济组织同外国的企业和其他经济组织或个人之间,在国际经济贸易关系方面为规定相互间权利和义务而订立的书面文件。涉外经济合同依法签订,受国家法律管辖和保护,对签约各方均有法律约束力。涉外经济合同,按其繁简程度的不同,可以采用正式合同(CONTRACT)、协议书(AGREEMENT)、确认书(CONFIRMATION)、备忘录(MEMORANDUM)、订单(ORDER)等书面形式。本章主要讨论比较复杂的正式合同及协议书的写作。HowIsacontractorAgreementLaidOut?CONTRACTContractNo._____Date:_____Signedat:_____PartyA:__________PartyB:___________Address:__________Address:___________Cable:____________Cable:_____________Telex:____________Telex:_____________Fax:_____________Fax:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PartyA:_____PartyB:_____GeneralRequirements签订涉外经济合同,应注意以下各点。1.合法性。2.全面性。3.明确性。4.主动性。back1.Diction多使用正式或法律用语。例如:1)AttherequestofPartyB,PartyAagreestosendtechnicianstoassistPartyBtoinstalltheequipment.(应乙方要求,甲方同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方安装设备。)2)TheEmployershallrendercorrecttechnicalguidancetothepersonnel.(雇主应对有关人员给予正确的技术指导。)3)ThisContractshallbegovernedbyandconstruedinaccordancewiththelawsofChina.(本合同的签订与解释均根据中国法律。)4)Incaseonepartydesirestosellorassignallorpartofitsinvestmentsubscribed,theotherpartyshallhavethepreemptiveright.(如一方想出售或转让其投资的全部或一部分,另一方应有购买优先权)5)Theauthoritiesapproved(the)saidapplicationof3rdNovember,2004.(thesaid或said此处是公文体,意为“该”、“上述的”。)多把here''、there、where加后缀使用,例如:1)hereafter:afterthistime;inthefuture此后,今后2)hereby:bymeansof;byreasonofthis据此3)herein:inthis在此4)hereinafter:laterinthiscontract,etc.在下文中5)hereinbefore:intheprecedingpartofthiscontract,在上文中6)hereof:ofthis于此7)hereto:tothis到此8)heretofore:untilnow直到此时9)hereunder:underthis在下10)hereupon:atthispoint:inconsequenceofthis因此11)herewith:withthis同此,因此12)thereafter:afterwards其后13)thereby:bythatmeans;inthatconnection因此,从而14)therefrom:fromthat从此15)therein:inthat:inthatparticular在那里16)thereinafter:laterinthesamecontract,etc.以下17)hereinbefore:inaprecedingpartofthesamecontract,etc.在上文18)thereon:onthat在其上19)thereof:ofthat:fromthatsource其中20)thereto:tothat另外,到那里21)thereunder:underthat依据22)thereupon:then;astheresultofthat因此23)therewith:withthatorit与此24)'whereas:consideringthat:but尽管25)whereby:bywhat;bywhich为何26)wherein:inwhat:inwhich在何处27)whereof',ofwhat;ofwhich关于28)whereon:onwhat:onwhich在…上多用成双成对的同义词以限定或确定或强调其意义,例如:1)Thepartiesmay,throughconsultation,makeamendmentstoanyrevisionsofthisContractasandwhentheneedarises.(双方可在必要时通过协商修改本合同)2)ThisAgreementismadeandenteredintobyandbetweenABCCo.andDEFCo.(ABC公司和DEF公司双方签订本协议)3)EachpartytothisAgreementshallfulfillorperformanyoftheobligationsunderthisAgreement.(本协议双方应履行协议规定的义务)4)ThisAgreementandanyrightsorobligationshereunderarenottransferableorassignablebyonepartytothisAgreementwithouttheconsentoftheotherpartyhereto.(本协议以及本协议规定的权利和义务,未经另一方同意不得擅自转让)5)TheamendmentstooralterationsofthisContractbecomeeffectiveonlyaftertheyaresignedbybothpartiesandapprovedbytheoriginalapprovingauthorities.(本合同的修改只有在双方签字并在原审批主管机关批准后才能生效)多用“shall”代替“will”或“should”以加强语气和强制力,1)ThepersonsemployedbyPartyAshallberesponsibletotheManagerofPartyA.(甲方雇用的所有人员都必须向甲方的经理负责。)2)PartyAShall,atmostfavorableprices,supplyPartyBWithsparepartsofthe1easedequipment.(甲方应以最优惠价格向乙方供应所租设备的备件.)3)ThisContractshallbecomeeffectiveuponandfromthedateonwhichitissigned.(本合同应于签字之日开始生效.)注意:在合同中,“shall”并非单纯的将来式,而是常常用来表示法律上可以强制执行的义务;它译成中文为“应”、“应该”、“必须”,以表示其具有的约束力.“will”在合同中虽也用作表示承担义务的声明,但语气比“shall”弱,强制力也比“shall”差;它译成中文应为“将”、“愿”、“要”。“should”在合同中通常只用来表示语气较强的假设“万一”,极少用来表示“应该”.这都是英语合同用词与基础英语用词的不同之处。2.Expression用语要力求准确、明白、严密,举例说明如下:1)PaymentshallbemadebyPartyBinaweek。这句话模棱两可,因为它既可理解为在一个星期之内,又可理解为在一个星期之后。因此,如果想说前者就应用withinaweek;如果想说后者就应用afteraweek.2)PartyAshallsendtechnicianstotrainPartyB’spersonnel.这句话含糊不清、不够具体,因为费用由谁负担和技术员何时派出均不明确。因此,必须明确而具体地规定:PartyAshallsendtechniciansatPartyB’sexpensetotrainPartyB’spersonnelwithin30daysaftersigningtheContract.(甲方应于签约后三十天内派遣技术人员培训乙方人员,有关费用,由乙方承担.)3)ThegoodsaretobeshippedbyasteamerataportorportsontheWestCoastasperbillOrbillsofladingdatedortobedatednotlaterthanApril30,2000.这句话的用语不够清楚,以致是否可以分批装运不明确。因为它既说由一艘船装运,又说可由一个港口或二个以上的港口以一个提单或二个以上的提单装运.因此不如明确地说:ThegoodsaretobeshippedbyasteamerataportontheWestCoastasperbillofladingtobedatednotlaterthanApril30,2000.即明确地说“不准分批”。4)Shipmentistobeeffectedbimonthlyat600metrictonseach.这句话用语模棱两可,以致装船的时间和数量无法确定。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