2015年考研英语一真题(完整版)

个人资料整理仅限参考2015年考研英语一真题完整版）来源：中国教育在线Section1UseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)vbZHiyyCmtThoughnotbiologicallyrelated,friendsareasrelatedasfourthcousins,sharingabout1%ofgenes.Thatis1astudypublishedfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaandYaleUniversityintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,has2.vbZHiyyCmtThestudyisagenome-wideanalysisconducted31932uniquesubjectswhich4pairsofunrelatedfriendsandunrelatedstrangers.Thesamepeoplewereusedinboth5.While1%mayseem6,itisnotsotoageneticist.AsJamesFowler,professorofmedicalgeneticsatUCSanDiego,says,Mostpeopledonoteven7theirfourthcousinsbutsomehowmanagetoselectasfriendsthepeoplewho8ourkin.vbZHiyyCmtThestudy9foundthatthegenesforsmellweresomethingsharedinfriendsbutnotgenesforimmunity.Whythissimilarityinolfactorygenesisdifficulttoexplain,fornow.10Perhaps,astheteamsuggests,itdrawsustosimilarenvironmentsbutthereismore11it.Therecouldbemanymechanismsworkingintandemthat12usinchoosinggeneticallysimilarfriends13thanfunctionalkinshipofbeingfriendswith14!Oneoftheremarkablefindingsofthestudywasthatthesimilargenesseemtobeevolving15thanothergenes.Studyingthiscouldhelp16whyhumanevolutionpickedpaceinthelast30,000years,withsocialenvironmentbeingamajor17factor.vbZHiyyCmtThefindingsdonotsimplycorroboratepeople's18tobefriendthoseofsimilar19backgrounds,saytheresearchers.ThoughallthesubjectsweredrawnfromapopulationofEuropeanextraction,carewastakento20thatallsubjects,friendsandstrangersweretakenfromthesamepopulation.Theteamalsocontrolledthedatatocheckancestryofsubjects.vbZHiyyCmtSectio1、What2、Concluded3、On4、Compared5、Samples6、Insignificant7、Know8、Resemble个人资料整理仅限参考9、Also10、Perhaps11、To12、Drive13、Ratherthan14、Benefits15、Faster16、understand17、Contributory18、Tendency19、Ethnic20、seeReadthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],vbZHiyyCmtTEXT1KingJuanCarlosofSpainonceinsistedkingsdon'tabdicate,theydieintheirsleep.ButembarrassingscandalsandthepopularityoftherepublicansleftintherecentEuro-electionshaveforcedhimtoeathiswordsandstanddown.So,doestheSpanishcrisissuggestthatmonarchyisseeingitslastdays?DoesthatmeanthewritingisonthewallforallEuropeanroyals,withtheirmagnificentuniformsandmajesticlifestyles?vbZHiyyCmtTheSpanishcaseprovidesargumentsbothforandagainstmonarchy.Whenpublicopinionisparticularlypolarized,asitwasfollowingtheendoftheFranceregime,monarchscanriseabovemerepolitiesandembodyaspiritofnationalunity.vbZHiyyCmtItisthisapparenttranscendenceofpolitiesthatexplainsmonarchy'scontinuingpopularityasheadsofstate.Andso,theMiddleEastexpected,Europeisthemostmonarch-infestedregionintheworld,with10kingdoms(notcountingVaticanCityandAndorra).ButunliketheirabsolutistcounterpartsintheGulfandAsia,mostroyalfamilieshavesurvivedbecausetheyallowvoterstoavoidthedifficultsearchforanon-controversialbutrespectedpublicfigure.vbZHiyyCmtEvenso,kingsandqueensundoubtedlyhaveadownside.Symbolicofnationalunityastheyclaimtobe,theirveryhistory-andsometimesthewaytheybehavetoday-embodiesoutdatedandindefensibleprivilegesandinequalities.AtatimewhenThomasPikettyandothereconomistsarewarmingofrisinginequalityandtheincreasingpowerofinheritedwealth,itisbizarrethatwealthyaristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmoderndemocraticstates.vbZHiyyCmt个人资料整理仅限参考Themostsuccessfulmonarchiesstrivetoabandonorhidetheiroldaristocraticways.Princesandprincesseshaveday-jobsandridebicycles,nothorses(orhelicopters).Evenso,thesearewealthyfamilieswhopartywiththeinternational1%,andmediaintrusivenessmakesitincreasinglydifficulttomaintaintherightimage.vbZHiyyCmtWhileEurope'smonarchieswillnodoubtbesmartenoughtosurviveforsometimetocome,itistheBritishroyalswhohavemosttofearfromtheSpanishexample.vbZHiyyCmtItisonlytheQueenwhohaspreservedthemonarchy'sreputationwithherratherordinary(ifwell-heeled)grannystyle.ThedangerwillcomewithCharles,whohasbothanexpensivetasteoflifestyleandaprettyhierarchicalviewoftheworld.Hehasfailedtounderstandthatmonarchieshavelargelysurvivedbecausetheyprovideaservice-asnon-controversialandnon-politicalheadsofstate.CharlesoughttoknowthatasEnglishhistoryshows,itiskings,notrepublicans,whoarethemonarchy'sworstenemies.vbZHiyyCmt21.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,KingJuanCarlosofSpainvbZHiyyCmt[A]easedhisrelationshipwithhisrivals.[B]usedtoenjoyhighpublicsupport.[C]wasunpopularamongEuropeanroyals.[D]endedhisreigninembarrassment.22.MonarchsarekeptasheadofstateinEuropemostlyvbZHiyyCmt[A]togivevotersmorepublicfigurestolookupto.vbZHiyyCmt[B]toachieveabalancebetweentraditionandreality.vbZHiyyCmt[C]owingtotheirundoubtedandrespectablestatus.vbZHiyyCmt[D]duetotheireverlastingpoliticalembodiment.23.Whichofthefollowingisshowntobeodd,accordingtoParagraph4?vbZHiyyCmt[A]Theroleofthenobilityinmoderndemocracies.vbZHiyyCmt[B]Aristocrats'excessiverelianceoninheritedwealth.vbZHiyyCmt[C]Thesimplelifestyleofthearistocraticfamilies.vbZHiyyCmt[D]Thenobility'sadherencetotheirprivileges.24.TheBritishroyalshavemosttofearbecauseCharlesvbZHiyyCmt[A]take