unit 10 A Debt to Dickens

Unit10ADebttoDickensQuote(MarkTwainThemanwhodoesnotreadgoodbookshasnoadvantageoverthemanwhocannotreadthem.Warming-upquestionsWhatdoyouknowaboutDickens?Andhisbooks?whatisyourfavoritebook?Andwhy?MainideaTheauthorfirsttellsusaboutthemostindelibleexperiencesshewentthroughwhenlivinganisolatedlifeasachildintheremoteCcountryside.Next,shedescribesandrelateshowshediscoveredandreadanddigestedD’snovels.Then,ithighlightsthewaysinwhichthewriterbenefitedimmenselyfromD.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassage?TheauthorisimmenselygratefultoC.D.,forshehasbeenenlightenedagreatdealbyhim.D’snovels,dealingwithreallifeandpeopleandexploringsignificantandpermanenttopics,constitutearewardingheritageofmankind.Theyarewellworthreadingandstudying.StructuralanalysisPartI:1:partII:2-3PartIII:4-6PartIV:7PartI:1ItintroducesthesettingandtherelationshipbetweenthewriterandCharlesDickens.render:v.givesth.tosb.ordosth.,becauseitisyourdutyorbecausesb.expectsyouto我们有义务帮助需要帮助的人们。Itisanobligationofourstorenderassistancetothoseinneed.rendering:n.inestimable:adj.toogreat,precious,etc.tobeestimated你的建议对我们非常有用。Youradvicehasbeenofinestimablevaluetous.你对我们的帮助是无法估量的。Thevalueofyourassistanceisinestimable.obligation:n.sth.thatmustbedonebecauseofadutyorpromise随便逛逛，不买没关系。Youcanlookaroundtheshopwithnoobligationtobuy.obligation:n.我们参加那个聚会是迫于义务，而并无别的原因。Weattendedthepartymoreoutofasenseofobligationthananythingelse.oblige:v.obliged:adj.Obligationn.underan~(to):havingaduty(to)养不教，父之过。Fathersareunderalegalobligationtoeducatetheirchildren.Obligationn.每个人都有法律义务向税务局提供自己的收入详情。Everyonehasalegal~tofurnishthetaxofficewithdetailsoftheirearnings.MydebtistoanEnglishman,wholongagoin…asmallAmericanchild.(1p/t)IcherishthefeelingofwarmgratitudetowardsanEnglishman,whodidaninvaluableservicetoasmallA.childalongtimeagoinC.我亏欠了一个英国人的恩情，很久以前在中国，他为一个美国小女孩提供了无价的帮助。Iknownobetterwaytomeetmyobligation…Americanchild.(1p)AsfarasIcansee,thebestwaytoexpressmywarmgratitudetoC.D.istoputinblackandwhitetheinestimableserviceherenderedinC.toanA.child.partII:2-3ThewriterrecallsherisolatedchildhoodlifeinaremoteChinesecountryside,herunpleasantexperiencesandthepainfulfeelingshehadbecauseshewasaforeigner.solitary:adj.spendingalotoftimealone;doingsth.withoutanycompanion山上光秃秃的只有一棵树。Onesolitarytreegrewonthemountainside.Pandasaresolitarycreatures.Missionn.3[cn,un]theworkofteachingpeopleaboutChristianity,esp,inaforeigncountry;agroupofpeopledoingsuchwork传教aCatholicmissioninAfricaGandhi'sattitudetomissionandconversionBungalown.Perchv.[vi]perch(onsth)tobeplacedonthetoportheedgeofsth那些石头房子坐落在山顶上。Thestonebuildingsperchonahillcrest.First,youmustpicturetoyourselfthatchild,living…below.(2T)首先，你脑海中会想到一个孤独的孩子，她独自一个人在遥远的中国乡村。她的家是个传教士的小棚子，坐落在山谷一片稻田上的小山上。Themodalverbmustinthissentenceindicatesanadviceorrecommendationtoreaders.Theadj.“solitary”functionsassubjectcomplement,tellingreadersthatthechildwaslonelywhenlivinginaremoteChinesecountryside.Sinisteradj.seemingevilordangerous;makingyouthinksthbadwillhappen不必猜她的所作所为有邪恶的动机。Weneedn'tassumethattherewasasinistermotiveforwhatshedid.Muddyadj.treacherous:adj.dangerous,esp.whenseemingtobesafe湖面上的冰很危险，并不像看起来那样厚。Theiceonthelakeistreacherous,notasstrongorthickasitlooks.linger:v.stayforalongtimeandbereluctanttoleave演唱会后她不肯走，想遇到明星。Shelingeredaftertheconcert,hopingtomeetthestar.Collocation:lingerlingerabout/around/on病痛持续了好几个星期。Thepainlingeredonforweeks.事情过去了，但人们对此记忆犹新。Theeventisover,butthememorylingerson.Splashv./sprinkleSplashv.[vt.]tomakesb/sthwetbymakingwater,mud,etc.fallonthem/itsplashsthon/onto/oversb/sth她往他脸上洒了一杯酒。Shesplashedaglassofwineonhisface.Splashv.splashsb/sthwithsth伊利莎白的衣服上溅满了泥巴。Elizabeth’sclothesweresplashedwithmud.splashsb/sth浇水不要浇叶子。Trynottosplashtheleaveswhenyouwatertheplant.Shelingeredbesidevillagesofboat…shallowerwaters.(2p/t)Shestayednearvillagesoffishermenandtheirfamilies,reluctanttoleave.Shewitnessedhowtheylived.Shesawtheirbabiesfastenedwitharopeandsittingorstandingintheshallowerwatersandplayingwithwater.Shelingeredbesidevillagesofboat…shallowerwaters.(2p/t)她流连于渔民聚集的村落，观看他们的生活，许多婴儿都用绳子系着在浅滩里戏水。Watersn.amassofwaterinariver,lake,etc这个湖泊的水通过一个大瀑布流出。Thewatersofthelakeflowoutoveralargewaterfall.alien:adj.strange她在同事中是个异数。Sheisanalienamongthecolleagues.alienate:valiento:verydifferentinnatureorcharacter,esp.sodifferentastocausedislikeoropposition他们的想法跟我们完全不同。Theirideasarequitealientoourwayofthinking.Earthenadj.earthwareShewanderedsmallandalienamongthefarmfolk(2p/t)Shewalkedamongthefarmingpeople.Asasmallchildwhoseparentswerefromanalienland,shewasstrangeandforeigntothelocalfarmers.她，一个外国小孩，漫无目标地游走在村民中Threshv.Moreoftenthannot:“veryfrequently;usually”.春节期间火车总是很挤。MoreoftenthannotthetrainsarecrowdedduringtheSpringFestival.下雾的时候，公交总是迟到。Whenitisfoggy,thebusesarelatemoreoftenthannot.Howeverkindlythepeopleabouthermightbe,…tothem.(3p/t)Howeverkindlyandfriendlythepeoplearoundhermightbe,andtheywereveryoftenkindindeed,sheknewshewasalientothem.无论周围的人们对她多友善，他们通常对她的确相当的友善，她知道自己对于他们仍是外国人。And