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表语从句Ⅰ.Definition（定义）表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句等来充当。Eg.（例子）①Thepersonstoodinfrontofyoujustnowismyheadmaster.刚才站在你前面的那个人是我的校长。②Ididn’tknowthatitwasyouatthattime.当时我不知道那是你。③Thedoorremainedclosed.门仍然关着。④Mary’sdailyjobiscleaningthehouse.玛丽的日常工作就是打扫这间房子。名词充当表语代词充当表语动词过去分词充当表语动词-ing形式充当表语⑤Thehouseisnotonlylargebutalsobeautiful.这所房子不仅大而且漂亮。⑥WhenIwenttoyourhouse,youwereout.当我到你家的时候，你不在家。⑦Noonewasinthedorm,whenshearrived.当她到达的时候，宿舍里没有人。⑧MyjobistoteachyouEnglish.我的工作是教你们英语。⑨Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasthathisclockdidn’twork.他迟到的原因是他的闹钟坏了。介词短语充当表语副词充当表语形容词充当表语不定式充当表语从句充当表语观察思考：指出句子成分HenrywasanAmericanbusinessman.HenrymetanAmericanbusinessman.主语表语主语谓语宾语（及物动词）连系动词1.表语从句的定义Thequestioniswhowilldoit.Thequestionisdifficult.（表）表语从句（表）2.表语从句的构成主语+系动词+引导词+简单句Thisiswhyhedidit.表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。WhatIwanttosayisthatIamtired可以接表语从句的系动词有：1:be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)2:feel,seem,look,appear,sound,taste,smell3:stand,lie,remain,keep,stay4:become,get,grow,turn,go,come,run,fall5:prove证明,turnout连接词：that/whether/asif/asthough(if不引导表语从句)连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what连接副词：when/where/why/how/becausePredictiveclause表语从句1.that1)that在从句中不担任句子成分，无实际意义，一般不能省略2)在表“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea,suggestion,request,proposal建议等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略1)Myopinionisthatit’sgettingbetterandbetter.2)Mysuggesstionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.whether在表语从句中表,但不充当句子的成分。if引导表语从句.如:1.Whatthedoctorreallydoubtsiswhethermymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdisease疾病soon.2.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.“是否”不能asif,asthough引导的表语从句asif/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look,seem,sound,be,become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g.Itsoundsasif/thoughsomebodywasknockingatthedoor.主语+连系动词（look/seem/appear……）+that/asif从句*asif/asthough引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气，如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气(主句一般现在时从句就用过去式，be的话变成were。主句是过去式，从句用过去完成时)。Itlooksasifhewereherownfather.(与事实不符)Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.As/asif、asthough形势并不像外表所看到的那样。她看上去很担忧他父母的病情。他好像疯了似的。Thesituationisnotasitseemstobe.Shelooksasifsheisworriedaboutherfather’sdisease.Itwasasthoughheweremad.becausebecause引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/Itisbecause…”结构中。Myanger愤怒isbecauseyouhaven’twrittentomeforalongtime.你为什么不来出席座谈会？是病了么？Whywereyouabsentfromtheforum?Wasitbecauseyouwereill?that,why与because引导表语从句时的区别虽然三者均可引导表语从句，但that没有词义，而why和because有自己的意思；另外，虽然why和because都可引导表语从句，但前者强调结果，后者强调原因。如：Thereasonwasthatyoudon’ttrusther.原因是你不信任她。Thefactisthattheyareangrywitheachother.事实是他们生彼此的气。Hewasill.That’swhyhewassenttothehospital.他病了，所以被送到医院来。Hewassenttothehospital.That’sbecausehewasill.他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。填空:Thereasonwhywedidn'ttrusthimis______hehasoftenlied．reason做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导,不能用why引导。句型结构为：Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat….Thereasonisthat……thatThereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning（当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because）他早上来晚的原因是他晚了一分钟而没赶上火车。注意：主语为reason时，表语从句连接词用that,但以it,this,that开头做主语的句子，则可用because。Thereasonforhisbeinglatewasthathemissedtheearlybus.Shewaslatethismorning.Thatwasbecauseshemissedtheearlybus.*Thereason____hewaslatewasthathemissedtheearlybus.why例题2：Thereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseofB注意点2：主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever连接副词where,when,how,why。Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。Thequestionishowhedidit.问题是他是如何做此事的。Thatwaswhatshedidthismorningonreachingtheattic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。Thatiswherehewasborn.那就是他出生的地方。where,when,why,how引导的表语从句连接副词where,when,why,how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。e.g.That’swhereIcan’tagreewithyou.ThisiswhySarawaslateforthemeeting.Thisishowtheyovercomethedifficulties.MystrongestmemoryiswhenIattendedanAmericanwedding.表语从句的常用句型：名词主语＋be＋that从句ThefactisthatIwasinthegardenwhentherobberyhappened.作主语的名词通常有表示事实、真理的名词fact,truth或表示看法观点的名词idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等。suggestion,proposal,advice,requirement等词后的表语从句要用虚拟语气（should）do。名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句如：1.Thefactisthatourteamhaswonthegame.2.Thetruthisthatshewasakindperson.3.Myopinionisthatweshoulddiscussitwiththem.名词主语＋be＋wh-疑问词引导的从句Thetroubleiswherewecangetthethingsweneed.wh-引导的主语从句＋be＋that从句Whatsurprisedmemostwasthatallthepupilswereunusuallyquiet.This/That＋be＋wh-疑问词引导的从句ThisishowyoumaketheItalianpizza.表语从句的常用句型：注意：表语从句中的that不能省略表语从句中只能用whether不能用if表语从句中，从句用陈述句语序2.---Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame?---Oh,that's_______.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcitedA解析：这是由what引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。2.---IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshow空中表演lastweek.---Isthat_______youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因.这句话的意思是这就是你离开的原因吗?。故答案为A。A4.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_______hewants.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that解析:这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语,Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants是一句谚语,意思是永远给予他人他确实想要的东西。故答案为A。A小结：1.表语从句的构成:引导词+简单句2.引导词:｛连词that,whether,as,asif连接代词who,what,which连接副词when,where,how,why3.3个注意点:①if不引导表语从句②主语为reason时，引导词用