南开大学 外国语学院 美国文学课件Appreciation of Araby

AppreciationofArabyQuestionstothinkabout:Setting(physical/psychological)CharactersTheme/themesPossiblestructureMajorwritingtechniquesMajorwritingtechniquesSettinggeographicalpsychologicalSettingGeographical:NorthRichmondStreetPsychological:solitary,isolated,lonely,orphaned:fatherless/motherlessCharacters•Whoareinthestory?Characters•Theghostofaprevioustenant,apriest;•thenarrator(first-personnarrator),nameless;•thenarrator’suncleandaunt;•Mangan'ssister;•MrsMercer;•ayoungladywithanEnglishaccentinchargeofoneofthestallsofthebazaar.•perhapsthebazaaritselfshouldbementionedamongthecharactersNorthRichmondStreet,whichispersonified（拟人化）:‘blind','quiet',withhouses'consciousofdecentliveswithinthem',gazingatoneanother'withbrownimperturbablefaces'.Theme/themes（1）Illusion(orientaldreams,easylove)vs.reality(shabbinessofsurroundings,instreetandbazaaralike),hencesomegroupsofwordsandphrasesareusedtomakecontrastwiththeamorousepiphany（对爱情的顿悟）duringwhichthenarrator’sheart“leaps”,hiseyesfeedonMangan’ssister’sfigure,dress,andintimationofunderclothes(petticoat)andhiswholebodyis“likeaharp”.Theme/themes（1）Thegroupsofwordsandphrasescontrastingwiththeamorousepiphany:“wild”garden;“darkmuddylane”;Mustywaste-roomlitteredwitholduselesspapers’,the“high,cold,empty,gloomyrooms’,the“ruinoushouses”;pagesofbooks“curledanddamp”and“yellow”pagesofbooks“curledanddamp”and“yellow”;“rustybicycle-pump”,“feeblelanterns”,theinanity(浅薄、愚蠢）oftheconversationinthemarket;thepervadingreferencestomoney（对金钱的不断提及）intowhichallsplendourresolves（使光辉灿烂的事物消解）;Theme/themes（2）Thethemeoffrustration,astheboydealswiththelimitsimposedonhimbyhissituation.Theprotagonist(主人公)hasaseriesofromanticideas,aboutthegirlandthewondrouseventthathewillattendonherbehalf.*Onthenightwhenheawaitshisuncle'sreturnsolatethathecangotothebazaar,readersfeeltheboy'sfrustrationmounting.Foratime,theboyfearsthathemaynotbeabletogoatall.Whenhefinallydoesarrive,,thebazaarismoreorlessover.Hisfantasiesaboutthebazaarandbuyingagreatgiftforthegirlarerevealedasridiculous.Theme/themes（2）*Onthenightwhenheawaitshisuncle'sreturnsolatethathecangotothebazaar,readersfeeltheboy'sfrustrationmounting.Foratime,theboyfearsthathemaynotbeabletogoatall.Whenhefinallydoesarrive,,thebazaarismoreorlessover.Hisfantasiesaboutthebazaarandbuyingagreatgiftforthegirlarerevealedasridiculous.Theme/themes（2）*Foronething,thebazaarisarathertawdry(俗丽而不值钱的)shadowoftheboy'sdreams.Heoverhearstheconversationofsomeofthevendors,whoareordinaryEnglishwomen,andthemundane(世俗的)natureofthetalkdriveshomethatthereisnoescape:bazaarornot,theboyisstillinDublinandtheaccentsofthevendorsremindthereaderthatDublinisacolonizedcity.Theme/themes(3)Themeoffirstunrequitedlove(单相思）,sexualandsentimentalawakeningThemeofautobiography,anunnamednarratorwithloveforbooksandadventure,youngpeople’spropensity(倾向,习性)fordreaming,verysensitive,thesettingiswheretheJoycesactuallylived.Theme/themes(4)Themeofautobiography,anunnamednarratorwithloveforbooksandadventure,youngpeople’spropensity(倾向,习性)fordreaming,verysensitive,reflectingpartoftheauthorcharacters;thesettingofthisstoryisalsousedinotherstories.TheplaceisrecognizedaswheretheJoycesactuallylived.Possiblestructurethedawningoflove:from“EverymorningIlayonthefloor”to“mybodywaslikeaharpandherwordsandgestureswerelikefingersrunninguponthewires”.firstrendezvous(meetingwiththegirl)andwait:from'OneeveningIwentintothebackdrawing-room'to'uglymonotonouschild'splaylastwaitanddisillusion:SaturdayMajorwritingtechniques(1)Literaryillusions(对其他文学作品的影射）.Eg.the“wildgarden(荒芜的花园）)behindthehousecontainsacentralapple-tree,clearlysuggestingthetreeofknowledgeintheGardenofEden.Perhapstherustybicyclepumpsymbolizestheserpent.Majorwritingtechniques（1）Theabovedetailedcorrespondences(细节的比照),invoking(引发)theChristianmythsofthefall(将有关人类堕落的基督教神话与男孩幻想破灭相联系)expandsthesignificanceoftheboy'sdisillusionment(扩展了男孩幻想破灭的意义).Majorwritingtechniques(2)Useofmetaphors.eg.thenameofthestoryitselfandthebazaar-within-the-story,Arabyisthemostcrucialobject(最关键的…象征物)ofmisdirectedconcentration(误导的中心)andsoughtsignification(挖掘深层意义)ThenarratordescribesArabyasthemagicalname.Throughoutthestory,thetitle-wordArabydisplaysitselfasaguidingmetaphor.(标题词”阿拉比”成为了导向的比喻)Theepiphany-plot