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英语四级在线学习：英语四级在线学习：:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.HowtoVisualizeYourSuccessHaveyoueverheardofvisualization(可视化)?Ofcourseyouhave.Everybody’sheardofvisualizationandeverybodypartakesinitwhethertheyrealizeitornot.Howitworksthoughisanaltogetherdifferentmatter.Iwanttotakeacloserlooktodayatthemechanicsofwhyvisualizingworkswithoutnecessarilydelvingintoconceptsandtheoriesthatcannotbeproven.Thebrainhasgreatdifficultyindistinguishingbetweenwhat’strueandwhat’simagined.Thereisanoff-cited(经常被引用的)exampleofanexperimentconductedbyAustrahanPsychologist,AlanRichardson.Hetooksomebasketballplayersandsplittheminto3equalgroups.Onegroupwastoldtopracticetheirfreethrowtechniquetwentyminutesperday.Thenextgroupwastoldtospendtwentyminutesperdayvisualizing,butnotattemptingfreethrows,andthefinalgroupwasn’tallowedtoeitherpracticeorvisualize.Attheendofthetestperiodthegroupthathaddonenothingremainedastheywere,butboththeothergroupsshowedsimilardegreesofimprovement,Thepeoplewhoonlyvisualizedplayingbasketballwereabletoperformalmostaswellastheoneswhohadactuallypracticed.Howcanthatbeso?Firstly,thepeoplepracticingwouldmisssomeshots.Eachtimetheymissedtheyhadineffect,practicedhowtomiss.Thepeoplethatwerevisualizingwouldbehittingeverybasketsotheywerebuildingupthefeelingsandmemoryofhowtobesuccessful.ForgingaPaththroughaMeadowImaginewalkinghomefromanewjob.Yousuddenlyrealizethatthereisameadowoflonggrassthatwillcut20minutesoffyourwalk.IfyouliveinNewYorkyou’regoingtoneedagreatimaginationforthisone.Thefirstfewtimesyoucanbarelyseewhichwayyouhadwalkedthepreviousday.However,after10or20timesyoucanclearlyseeapathwaystartingtoform,andafter100timesallthegrassiswornawayandthere’safarmerwithashotgunandlargedogwaitingforyouattheend.Let’spresumeourgun-totingfriendisabigsoftieandheallowsyoutousethatrouteaslongasyouwant.Whataretheoddsthatnexttimeyoutryaslightlydifferentdirection?Slimtononewouldbemyguess.Afterall,youknowthiswayworksandyouhavealovelyeasypath.Ontheotherhand,ifFarmerGilesstartstakingpotshotsatyouandsportinglyletsthedogtryandshootyoutoo,beforereleasingittosinkitsgnashersintoyourrearend,thenyou’llprobablyfindanewwayhomeonceyou’rereleasedfromhospital.Thenexttimeyou’rewalkinghomeyouoptagainstreacquaintingyourselfwithFidoandspotanothermeadowfurtheralongtheroad.Thesameprocessthenbeginstotakeplaceonlythistimetheoriginalpathyoumadehasstartedtogrowback.HowWeCreateaPathinOurMindThatiswhathappenswhenweformthoughtsinourmind.Thefirsttimewehaveanewthoughtitisaweakling(虚弱者)ofathoughtthathassandkickedinitsfacebystrongerthoughtsandbeliefs.Eachtimeyoure-thinkitthoughitgrowsin英语四级在线学习：英语四级在线学习：(循环)ofthinking.Thepathwayhasbeenestablishedandit’sjusteasiertocontinuefollowingitthantryingtothinkaboutsomethingnewandformanewconnectioninthebrain.MakingVisualizationWorkforYouVisualizationisanincrediblysuccessfulandsimplewayofspeedinguptheprocessbyfoolingtheunconsciousintobelievingthatyouhavealreadydonesomethingbeforeyouhave.That’swhatthebasketballvisualizersweredoing,foolingtheirownunconsciousintothinkingtheyknowhowtohitbasketafterbasket.OfcoursethisinandofitselfwillnotturnyouintoanNBAstar,youdoactuallyhavetopracticeaswell,butitwillhelpyousucceedmorequickly.Allyouneedtodotobesuccessfulatthisistovisualizeyourselfdoingsomething,asyouwouldliketodoit.Profoundstuff,huh?Seriouslythough,thatisallthereistoit.Howlongyoudoiteachdaywillaffectthespeedofchangeandit’sreallynotadvisablevisualizingyoursuccessfor20minutesperdayandthenspending10hoursworryingaboutfailingandreplayingnegativestuffinyourhead.Itkindofdefeatstheobject.Youcanalsoincorporatethefakeittillyoumakeitmethodinwithyourvisualizationtohelpspeeduptheprocess.Thisissimplyamatterofpretendingyouarealreadyproficientatsomethingbeforeyoureallyare.Again,it’ssimplyawayoftrickingyourunconsciousandgettingittodowhatyouwantittodo.Somepeoplehavedifficultywiththisprocessandtellmeit’sbeingunrealistic.Wellyeh,maybethey’reright,butwhocares?Ifyouwanttobeshackledbythechainsofrealismthengoahead,knockyourselfout,butletmetellyouthis.Therearefewhighlysuccessfulpeopleouttherethathaven’tusedthismethodorvisualizationatonetimeoranother.Infact,successfulpeopledon’tcaretoomuchforreality;itjustgetsinthewayandslowsthemdown.Whataboutyou?注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答；8-10题在答题卡1上。l.Accordingtothepassage,visualizationworks______[A]throughdelvingintoconceptsandtheories[B]withoutsearchingdeeplyintoconceptsandtheories[C]inawaythatcouldbeproven[D]whenplayingbasketball2.Whatweretheresultsoftheexperi