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毕业设计（论文）（2014届）题目:基于物联网的智能家居与安防系统的设计—底层无线传感器节点设计I摘要人类进入21世纪以来，人们对生活环境智能、舒适、安全要求越来越高，激励了计算机技术与通信技术的发展，智能家居便应运而生。然而随着智能家居的发展，所需环境监测数据变越来越多，这就要求产品安装便捷，实用并且价格合适。随着微电子机械系统、计算机、通信、自动控制和人工智能等学科的飞速发展，孕育了一种新型测控网络——无线传感器网络。它具有维护成本低、组网灵活、部署方便的特点，仿佛是为了智能家居与安防系统而生的。本文主要设计的是基于物联网的智能家居与安防系统，能实现家居设备的智能远程控制。经过与其他部分联合调试和进一步优化后，能够满足普通家庭用户的需求，该系统设计合理可行，基本达到了预期的设计目标。关键词：智能家居、无线传感器网络、传感器AbstractAsmankindentersthe21stcentury,peoplelivingambientintelligence,comfort,safetyrequirementsarehigh,spurredthedevelopmentofcomputertechnologyandcommunicationtechnology,smarthomehavecomeintobeing.However,withthedevelopmentofthesmarthome,therequiredenvironmentalmonitoringdatabecomesmoreandmore,whichrequirestheproducteasytoinstall,practicalandthepriceisright.Withtherapiddevelopmentofmicroelectronicmechanicalsystems,computers,communications,automationandartificialintelligencedisciplines,gavebirthtoanewmonitoringnetwork-wirelesssensornetworks.Ithasalowmaintenancecost,flexiblenetworking,easydeploymentcharacteristics,asiftosmarthomesecuritysystemwithstudents.ThisarticleisdesignedwithsmarthomesecuritysystembasedonInternetofThings,toachieveintelligentremotecontrolhomedevices.Aftertherestofthejointcommissioningandfurtheroptimizedtomeettheneedsoftheaveragehomeuser,thesystemdesignisreasonablypracticable,thebasicdesigntoachievethedesiredgoal.Keywords:Smarthome,wirelesssensornetworks,sensorII目录摘要.............................................................................................................................I第一章绪论................................................................................................................11.1研究背景...............................................................................................11.2智能家居与安防国内外发展现状.......................................................11.3无线传感器网络的起源与发展...........................................................21.4无线传感网络和智能家居与安防结合的必要性...............................3第二章无线传感器技术概述....................................................................................52.1各种短距离无线通信技术...................................................................52.2ZigBee网络的拓扑结构......................................................................62.3ZigBee技术的数据传输机制..............................................................72.4ZigBee协议架构与各层规范..............................................................72.4.1IEEE802.15.4物理层(PHY).....................................................82.4.2IEEE802.15.4媒介接入控制层(MAC)....................................92.4.3ZigBee网络层(NWK).............................................................112.4.4ZigBee应用层(APL)...............................................................12第三章智能家居与安防系统总体方案设计..........................................................133.1系统工作原理.....................................................................................133.2系统总体方案设计需求.....................................................................143.3系统总体方案设计特点.....................................................................153.4系统总体方案设计原则.....................................................................15第四章底层传感器节点设计..................................................................................174.1底层传感器节点硬件设计.................................................................174.1.1无线通信模块设计..................................................................174.1.2传感器模块设计......................................................................184.1.3电源模块设计..........................................................................204.2底层传感器节点软件设计.................................................................214.2.1底层传感器节点开发软件简介..............................................214.2.2底层传感器节点软件设计......................................................24第五章底层传感器节点调试..................................................................................365.1传感器节点组网调试.........................................................................365.2传感器节点程序调试.........................................................................375.3RFID读卡程序调试...........................................................................40第六章系统制作......................................................................................................45第七章总结与展望..................................................................................................46结束语..........................................................................................................................48参考文献......................................................................................................................49致谢..............................................................................................................................50附录（参考代码）......................................................................................................511第一章绪论1.1研究背景随着人们对生活的更加舒适、安全、便利、环保得要求提高，智能家居系统成为物联网应用的一个具体领域的必然发展趋势。无线传感器网络需要各种信息技术和手段，结合数字化社区和互联网，才能发挥处智能家居生活的最佳功能。在物联网的概念还未提出之前，智能家居在国内已经有了近十年的历史，但是智能家居行业的发展十分曲折，规模仍然有限。现在由于政府对物联网的极力推崇和媒体商家的大力宣