论中药的知识产权保护

中国人民大学硕士学位论文论中药的知识产权保护姓名：黄筱筱申请学位级别：硕士专业：法律指导教师：邵明2007051812TRIPSCBDUPOVPBRFAOFR39148634AbstractChinesetraditionalmedicineisoneimportantpartofourhomeland’smedicine.Itcontributesalottonationalhealthduringthousandsofyears.TheintellectualpropertyrightsprotectionofChinesetraditionalmedicinehasbecomethefocussincetheChinesetraditionalmedicinehasbecomemoreandmoreimportantandthebiologicalpiratehasbecomemoreandmorepopularinlatestyears.Chinesetraditionalmedicineisafieldwheretheculturaldiversityandbiologicaldiversityarecombined.TheintellectualpropertyrightsprotectionofChinesetraditionalmedicineisbothanopportunityandachallenge.Ifwedon’ttakeactiontoprotectChinesetraditionalmedicine,thelossofculturalandbiologicalresourceswillbeirreversible.ThepaperintroducesrelevantbackgroundknowledgeaboutChinesetraditionalmedicineandtheintellectualpropertyrightsprotectionofChinesetraditionalmedicine,andsuggestswecansolvetheproblemsby“tohavesomethingincommonbutalsohaveotherthingsdifferent”.Thatis,admitsthecurrentintellectualpropertyrightsystemisreasonablebasically,ontheotherhand,findsthelimitofcurrentintellectualpropertyrightsprotectionofChinesetraditionalmedicinefromthepointoftechnicalandculturaldiversitysothatwecanestablishthesystemtothepoint.Wearesurethatitisfeasibletofindoutthenewmethodsofintellectualpropertyrightsprotectionunderthecurrentintellectualpropertyrightssystem.Thispaperconsistsofthreepartsasfollowing:Part:IntroducestheconceptanddevelopmenthistoryofChinesetraditionalmedicine,andpointsoutthatChinesetraditionalmedicinehasalonghistoryandabundantcontents.Itsdevelopmenthasrunintoatotallynewstage.AndanalysesthepracticalsignificanceandlegalvalueoftheintellectualpropertyrightsprotectionofChinesetraditionalmedicineinsixpoints.Inbroadsense,ChinesetraditionalmedicinereferstoallthemedicineusedbyChinesedoctors.Innarrowsense,itonlyreferstoChinesemedicinalmaterialsincludingrawmedicineandprocessedmedicine.Thepracticeanddevelopmentof5Chinesetraditionalmedicinehavebeenalonghistory.SincePRC(People’sRepublicofChina)wasestablishedin1949,theChinesetraditionalmedicinerebornandhasdevelopedrapidlyunprecedented.Thedevelopmentofournation’sChinesetraditionalmedicinesciencehasrunintoawholenewstage,andhasaverybrightfuture.Intellectualpropertyrightsaretheoveralllegalrightsowedbycreatorsofintellectualproductionortheownersofindustrialandtrademarks.Actually,theyareakindofmonopolyrightsprotectedbythestatepower.AfterenteringWTO,whenfacingtheseverethreatentotraditionalcultureanddiversityofbiologyfromglobalization,itisurgentforChinatoprotectChinesetraditionalmedicinebymeansofintellectualpropertyrights.TheintellectualpropertyrightsprotectionofChinesetraditionalmedicinehasimportantpracticalsignificanceincludingacceleratingtheuseofChinesetraditionalmedicinepreventing“biologicalpirate”promotingimpartialityandsoon.ForourChina,fromtheaspectofnationalstrategyandbenefits,itisalsoverymeaningful.Part:Overviewstheintellectualpropertyrightsprotectionsystembothininternationallegalsystemsandinnationallegalsystems.PointsoutthatthepatentprotectionofChinesetraditionalmedicineisthemostimportantmethod,anditalsohassomeweaknesses.Theinternationalagreementsabouttheprotectionofintellectualpropertyrightsofbiologicaldiversitytraditionalknowledgeandexistingtechnologyinclude:AgreementonTradeRelatedAspectsofIntellectualPropertyRights(TRIPSTheUnitedNationDraftDeclarationontheRightsofIndigenousPeoplesConventiononBiologicalDiversityCBDPBR(ProtectionofBreedingRightsofUPOV(InternationalUnionfortheProtectionofNewVarietiesofPlants)FR(Farmers’rights)ofFAO(FoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations)theASEANFrameworkAgreementonAccesstoBiologicalandGeneticResources(Drafttext)andtheDecision391and486CommonRegimeonAccesstoGeneticResources.Basically,theinternationalagreementsabovehavenoconflict.Underthehigh6levelofstandardoftheprotectionofintellectualpropertyrights,forthedevelopingcountrieshavingplentyoftraditionalresourcesincludingChina,duringthelonggameprocesswiththedevelopedcountries,thecorequestiontocombinewiththeinternationallawsystemoftheprotectionofintellectualpropertyrightsofbiologytraditionalknowledgeandexistingtechnologyishowtoconnecttherelevantinternationalagreementsandestablishasystemaccordingwiththebasicandloweststandardofintellectualpropertyrightsandsocialmoralitytobalancetherightsforbothtraditionalpeoplesandinternationalsociety.Theformsoftheourcountry’sexistingprotectionofintellectualpropertyrightsofChinesetraditionalmedicinecanbedividedintopatentprotectiontrademarkrightprotectioncopyrightprotectioncommercialsecretprotectionandsoon.Theprotectionofvarietyisaformtoprotectthetechnologicalsecretsbytheindustryadministrativelaw,andtheprotectionofvarietyofChinesetraditionalmedicineisaformofcommercialsecretprotectioninessence.ThepatentprotectionisbelievedthemostimportantformoftheprotectionofChinesetraditionalmedicineforourcountry.Recently,thesituationofthepatentprotectionofChinesetraditionalmedicineisnotoptimisticandthedeficiencyemerges.Part:Suggeststhatcombinedwithsomeproblemswemetintheinte