第一课东天tiān对duì地dì,雨yǔ对duì风fēng。大陆dàlù对duì长空chángkōng。山花shānhuā对duì海hǎi树shù,赤chì日rì对duì苍穹cāngqióng。雷léi隐隐yǐnyǐn,雾蒙蒙wùmēngmēng。日下rìxià对duì天tiān中zhōng。风fēng高秋gāoqiū月yuè白bái,雨yǔ霁jì晚霞wǎnxiá红hóng。牛niú女nǚ二èr星河xīnghé左右zuǒyòu,参商shēnshāng两liǎng曜yào斗dòu西xī东dōng。十月shíyuè塞sāi边biān,飒飒sàsà寒hán霜shuāng惊jīng戍shù旅lǚ;三sān冬dōng江jiāng上shàng,漫漫mànmàn朔shuò雪xuě冷lěng渔翁yúwēng。河hé对duì汉hàn,绿lǜ对duì红hóng。雨yǔ伯bó对duì雷公léigōng。烟yān楼lóu对duì雪xuě洞dòng,月yuè殿diàn对duì天宫tiāngōng。云yún叆yǐ叇dài,日rì曈tóng朦méng。蜡là屐jī对duì渔yú篷péng。过天guòtiān星xīng似sì箭jiàn,吐tǔ魄pò月yuè如rú弓gōng。驿yì旅客lǚkè逢féng梅子méizi雨yǔ,池chí亭tíng人rén挹yì藕ǒu花huā风fēng。茅máo店diàn村cūn前qián,皓月hàoyuè彼没,故以参商比喻彼此隔绝,不得相见。【戍旅】以兵卒防守边疆。宋˙陆游˙十一月四日风雨大作诗:僵卧孤村不自哀,尚思为国戍轮台。【腊屐】晋阮孚喜爱木屐,时常擦洗涂腊。典出晋书˙卷四十九˙阮籍传。比喻痴迷某物。如:他集邮成癖,好比阮孚腊屐,乐在其中。【梅子雨】中国南部五月至七月﹑日本南部六月及七月初所下的雨,因正值梅子成熟的时节,故称为梅雨。亦称为霉雨﹑黄梅雨。【朔雪】北方的雪。【叆叇】云多而昏暗的样子。唐˙郑谷˙入阁诗:寿山晴叆叇,颢气暖连延。【牖】窗户。【清暑殿】:宫殿名,在洛阳宫中有清暑殿。【广寒宫】神话里称月亮中的宫殿为广寒宫。【庄周梦化蝶】庄周在梦中幻化为蝴蝶,在天地间遨游,逍遥自在,不知何为庄周。忽然醒来,发觉自己仍是庄周。典出庄子˙齐物论。后以此比喻人生变幻无常。【吕望兆飞熊】姜吕望钓渭滨。西伯将猎,卜之。兆曰:所荻非龙,非螭,非罴,乃伯王之辅。果遇太公于渭阳。坠zhuì林lín鸡jī唱chàng韵yùn;板桥bǎnqiáo路上lùshang,青qīng霜shuāng锁suǒ道dào马mǎ行踪hángzōng。山shān对duì海hǎi,华huá对duì嵩sōng。四sì岳yuè对duì三sān公gōng。宫gōng花huā对duì禁jìn柳liǔ,塞sāi雁yàn对duì江jiāng龙lóng。清qīng暑shǔ殿diàn,广寒宫guǎnghángōng。拾shí翠cuì对duì题tí红hóng。庄周zhuāngzhōu梦mèng化huà蝶dié,吕望兆lǚwàngzhào飞fēi熊xióng。北běi牖yǒu当dāng风fēng停tíng夏xià扇shàn,南nán帘lián曝pù日rì省shěng冬烘dōnghōng。鹤hè舞wǔ楼lóu头tóu,玉yù笛dí弄nòng残cán仙子xiānzǐ月yuè;凤fèng翔xiáng台上táishàng,紫zǐ箫xiāo吹chuī断duàn美人měirén风fēng。【注释】【参商】参,参星,居西方。商,商星,亦称为辰星,居东方。参星与商星位在东西两方,此出第二课冬晨chén对duì午wǔ,夏xià对duì冬dōng。下xià饷xiǎng对duì高gāo舂chōng。青春qīngchūn对duì白昼báizhòu,古gǔ柏bǎi对duì苍松cāngsōng。垂钓chuídiào客kè,荷hé锄chú翁wēng。仙鹤xiānhè对duì神shén龙lóng。凤冠fèngguān珠zhū闪烁shǎnshuò,螭chī带dài玉yù玲珑línglóng。三sān元yuán及第jídì才cái千qiān顷qǐng,一品yīpǐn当朝dāngcháo禄lù万wàn钟zhōng。花萼huāè楼lóu间jiān,仙xiān李lǐ盘根pángēn调diào国脉guómài;沉香chénxiāng亭tíng畔pàn,娇jiāo杨yáng恃shì宠chǒng起qǐ边biān风fēng。清qīng对duì淡dàn,薄báo对duì浓nóng。暮mù鼓gǔ对duì晨chén钟zhōng。山花shānhuā对duì石shí菊jú,烟yān锁suǒ对duì云yún封fēng。金jīn菡萏hàndàn,玉yù芙蓉fúróng。绿lǜ绮qǐ对duì青qīng锋fēng。早zǎo汤tāng先xiān宿xiǔ酒jiǔ,晚wǎn食shí继jì朝cháo饔yōng。唐táng库kù金钱jīnqián【螭】中国古代传说中的动物。外形似龙而无角。建筑或工艺品上常用此形状做为装饰。【花萼楼】唐明皇建花萼楼,兄弟五人宴乐于其间。【仙李】诗句曰:仙李盘根大,喻唐之宗室繁衍也。【娇杨】指杨贵妃常侍宴沉香亭,唐明皇宽之以致乱。【三元及第】参加科举考试,乡试、会试、殿试均考中第一名,称为三元及第。【菡萏】荷花的别名。【芙蓉】植物名。【注释2】荷花的别名。【绿绮】【注释1】乐器名。相传汉朝司马相如作玉如意赋,梁王赐给他绿绮琴。【注释2】用以代称音色材质具佳的琴。唐˙李白˙听蜀僧浚弹琴诗:蜀僧抱绿绮,西下峨嵋峰,为我一挥手,如听万壑松。亦称为绿琴。【青锋】剑名也。【饔】熟食。玉篇˙食部:饔,熟食也。【化蝶】唐穆宗夜宴有黄白蝶飞集花间,宫女得之皆库中金银所化。【成龙】晋.张华问雷焕曰:斗牛之门常有晦气,何也?焕曰:此宝剑之精也。【神女庙】楚王游高唐,梦神女自谓巫山之女,朝云暮雨。王为立庙,号朝云庙。【岱宗】泰山的别名。能néng化huà蝶dié,延yán津jīn宝剑bǎojiàn会huì成chéng龙lóng。巫峡wūxiá浪làng传chuán,云雨yúnyǔ荒唐huāngtáng神女shénnǚ庙miào;岱dài宗zōng遥望yáowàng,儿孙érsūn罗列luóliè丈人zhàngrén峰fēng。繁fán对duì简jiǎn,叠dié对重duìzhòng。意yì懒lǎn对duì心xīn慵yōng。仙xiān翁wēng对duì释shì伴bàn,道dào范fàn对duì儒rú宗zōng。花huā灼灼zhuózhuó,草cǎo葺qì葺qì。浪làng蝶dié对duì狂kuáng蜂fēng。数shù竿gān君子jūnzǐ竹zhú,五wǔ树shù大夫dàifu松sōng。高gāo皇huáng灭miè项xiàng凭píng三sān杰jié,虞yú帝dì承chéng尧yáo殛jí四sì凶xiōng。内nèi苑yuàn佳人jiārén,满地mǎndì风光fēngguāng愁chóu不尽bùjìn;边关biānguān过客guòkè,连天liántiān烟草yāncǎo憾hàn无穷wúqióng。【注释】【下饷】午后之饷。【高舂】日初之舂。【丈人峰】山峰名。位在泰山上,因形状像老人,所以称为丈人峰。【三杰】萧何,韩信,张良。【四凶】相传尧舜时四个凶恶的部族首领。酒量jiǔliàng微wēi洒sǎ琼qióng杳yǎo颊jiá,香xiāng尘chén没méi印yìn玉yù莲lián双shuāng。诗shī写xiě丹dān枫fēng,韩hán文wén幽yōu怀huái流liú节jié水shuǐ;泪lèi弹dàn斑bān竹zhú,舜shùn妃fēi遗yí憾hàn积jī湡yú江jiāng。【注释】【马武】汉光武将。【龙逄】夏桀臣。【四收】典出宋朝.名将.曹彬。【三筑】典出唐朝.名臣.张仁愿。【跨凤】相传春秋时秦国的萧史善吹箫,穆公女弄玉因爱慕而结为夫妻,史教弄玉以箫吹凤鸣声,凤凰聚止其屋,一日夫妇遂乘凤凰升天而去。后用以比喻结成美好姻缘或求得佳偶。【斩蛇】相传汉高祖刘邦起事前,曾夜行泽中,遇大蛇当道,拔剑斩之。后以斩蛇指有帝王之运的征兆。商隐诗:斩蛇泽畔人烟晓,戏马台前树影疏。【步辇】轿子,或用人力拉的车子。【徒杠】只可容人步行通过的木桥。【揽辔】控御马匹缰绳。【尨】多毛的狗。【香尘】晋.石崇,步香尘于地,令诸姬行其上,以试鞋底之大小。【丹枫】唐僖宗时,于佑于御沟拾一红叶,上题诗句,佑亦题其上云:[曾闻叶上题红怨,叶上题诗寄阿谁。]置上流,为宫女韩夫人得之,后为夫第三课江奇qí对偶duìǒu,只zhī对duì双shuāng。大海dàhǎi对duì长江chángjiāng。金jīn盘pán对duì玉yù盏zhǎn,宝bǎo烛zhú对duì银yín釭gāng。朱漆zhūqī槛kǎn,碧bì纱窗shāchuāng。舞wǔ调diào对歌duìgē腔qiāng。汉hàn兴xìng推tuī马mǎ武wǔ,诛zhū夏xià着zháo龙lóng逄páng。四sì收shōu列国lièguó群qún王wáng伏fú,三sān筑zhù高gāo城chéng众zhòng敌dí降jiàng。跨kuà凤fèng登台dēngtái,潇洒xiāosǎ仙xiān姬jī秦qín弄nòng玉yù;斩zhǎn蛇shé当道dāngdào,英雄yīngxióng天子tiānzǐ汉hàn刘邦liúbāng。颜yán对duì貌mào,像xiàng对duì庞páng。步bù辇niǎn对duì徒tú杠gàng。停tíng针对zhēnduì搁gē竺zhú,意yì懒lǎn对duì心xīn降jiàng。灯dēng闪闪shǎnshǎn,月yuè幢zhuàng幢zhuàng。揽lan辔pèi对duì飞fēi艭shuāng。柳liǔ堤dī驰chí骏马jùnmǎ,花huā院yuàn吠fèi村cūn尨méng。妇。韩题诗云:[一联佳句随流水,十载幽思满素怀。今日却成鸾凤友,方知红叶是良媒。]今称红叶媒。【竹泪】娥皇﹑女英哭舜于苍梧之野,泪洒竹成斑。预yù占zhàn江jiāng左zuǒ地dì;青qīng袍páo白马báimǎ,童谣tóngyáo终zhōng应yìng寿shòu阳yáng儿ér。箴zhēn对duì赞zàn,缶fǒu对duì卮zhī。萤yíng照zhào对duì蚕丝cánsī。轻qīng裾jū对duì长袖chángxiù,瑞ruì草cǎo对duì灵芝língzhī。流liú涕tì策cè,断肠duàncháng诗shī。喉舌hóushé对duì腰肢yāozhī。云yún中zhōng熊xióng虎将hǔjiāng,天上tiānshàng凤凰fènghuáng儿ér。禹yǔ庙miào千年qiānnián垂chuí橘jú柚yòu,尧yáo阶jiē三sān尺chǐ覆fù茅máo茨cí。湘竹xiāngzhú含hán烟yān,腰yāo下xià轻qīng纱笼shālóng玳瑁dàimào;海棠hǎitáng经jīng雨yǔ,脸liǎn边biān青qīng泪lèi湿shī胭脂yānzhī。争zhēng对duì让ràng,望wàng对duì思sī。野葛yěgě对duì山shān栀zhī。仙xiān风fēng对duì道dào骨gǔ,天tiān造zào对duì人为rénwéi。鱄zhuān诸zhū剑jiàn,博bó浪làng椎zhuī。经纬jīngwěi对duì干支gānzhī。位wèi尊zūn民mín物主wùzhǔ,德dé重zhòng帝dì王师wángshī。望wàng切qiē不妨bùfáng人rén去qù远yuǎn,心xīn忙máng无奈wúnài马mǎ行háng迟chí。金jīn屋wū闭bì来lái,赋fù乞qǐ茂mào林lín题tí柱zhù笔bǐ;玉yù楼lóu成chéng后hòu,记jì须xū昌chāng谷yù负fù囊náng词cí。【注释】【五色笔】南朝梁江淹,素以诗文显。一日梦郭璞索笔,探怀取五色笔授之,后作诗绝无佳句,时人称其才尽。后以五色笔比喻文才。李白梦笔生花。【十香词】萧后所作。【水榭】临水的楼台