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基本句型一主系表特点：句子的谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。1.ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.2.Thedinnersmellsdelicious.3.Thebookisinteresting.4.Theweatherbecomeswarmer.连系动词：说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份。1.Be(amisarewaswere)2.变化：getturngofallbecomegrowcomerun3.感官动词：looksoundtastesmellfeel4.状态：keepstayremain(依然是，保持）5.表像：seemappear（看起来像，似乎）6.终止：prove，turnoutbe1.是I│am│astudent.我是学生。She│is│aworker.她是工人。They│are│teachers.她们是老师。2.状态I│am│tired.我累了。She│is│hungry.她饿了。They│are│thirsty.她们渴了。3.动作she│is│atwork.她在工作。4.地点she│is│atschool.她在学校。I│am│athome.我在家。Planes│are│inthesky.飞机在天空上。She│is│onthestreet.•This│is│anEnglish-Chinesedictionary.•We│are│goodfriends,aren’twe?•You│are│students.•Theflower│is│dead•Inwinter,│thedays│are│short│and│thenights│are│long.•OurEnglishteacher│is│thirtyyearsold.•We│are│intheclassroom.•He│is│outofwork.•Thelight│is│on.On为副词•Herjob│is│tolookafterthechildren│inthenursery.•Tosee│is│tobelieve.•Thewholecompany│was│surprisedatthenews.•Thetrouble│is│thattheyareshortofmoney.变化系动词getturngofallbecomegrowcomerun翻译为：变得，变成，变为–It│isgetting│warmerandwarmer.–Theleaves│haveturned│yellow.–Hisface│goes│red.–He│hadfallen│asleep│onthesofa.–It│isbecoming│colderandcolder.–It│grew│dark.–Everything│willcome│right│intheend.–Theriver│ran│dry│duringthedrought.–Attheageoffifteen,hebecameafamouspianist.–Hebecameascientist.–Thepotatoeswentbadinthefields.–Ourwell│hasgone│dry.–He│isgrowing│tallandstrong.–Hisfaceturnedred.•注意become和turn后接表职业的名词时冠词的有无：Twoyearslater,hebecameateacher.Twoyearslater,heturnedteacher.•run,go表变化时一般指事情向消极、不好的方面转化。Thefoodhasgonebad.Wehaverunshortofmilk.感官系动词look,sound,taste,smell,feel•一般它们在句子中译成：。。。起来；。。。上去。•Thecaketastesdelicious.蛋糕尝起来可口。•Thereportsoundsinteresting.这个报道听起来很有趣。•Thedinner│smells│good.晚餐闻起来很香。•Everything│looks│different.一切看起来不同。•Wefeelhappy.我们感到开心。•Thefoodtastedgood.食物尝起来很香。•Hervoicesoundsbeautiful.她的声音听起来很美。•Wefeelusedtolivinginbigcities.我们习惯在大城市生活。•Shelookedsadafterhearingthenews.听到消息之后，她看起来很伤心•Thesouptastesgood.汤尝起来很鲜。•Tooursurprise,Thesouptastesgood.•Thesouptastesgood,whichisbeyondourexpectation.•Franklyspeaking,thesouptastesgood.•Tobehonest,thesouptastessogoodastosurpriseeveryone.状态的系动词keep;stay;remain•Childrenseldomkeepquiet.孩子们很少保持安静。•Deepwaterstaysstill.•Jimremainedaworker.Jim仍然是一名工人。•Sheremainsloyaltoherfatherdespitehiscrueltytowardsher.•Muchremainstobedone.•Whatalovelydaytoday!IlovefineweatherandIhopeitwillstayfineforsomemoredays.表像系动词seem;appear汉语意义：看起来像、似乎、好像。如果要表达时态的变化，需要后接不定式来完成。1.Itseemslikeagoodidea.2.Theirbossseemssatisfiedwiththework.3.Heseemedtohavecaughtcold.4.WhenFathercamein,Tomseemedtobeeatingsomething.终止系动词prove;turnout•表达“证实、证明、结果为。。。”之意。•Heproved(tobe)right.•Theexperimentturnedoutsuccessful.系动词与实义动词的区别•Shelookssad.•Shelooksatmesadly.看动词后面是否为形容词。系动词用法应注意的几个问题1．一般地说，系动词无进行时态，无被动语态如：Yourhandfeelscold.Thesouptastesgood.Thedinnersmellsgood.2．系动词的时态与形容词的比较级连用的问题。某些含有变化意义的动态系动词如get,become,grow,turn等的进行时态可与形容词的比较级连用，表示渐进过程，其意思是“越来越……”。例如：Heisgrowingtallerandtaller.Ourlifeisgettingbetterandbetter.Thingsaregettingworse.