中西方酒文化的差异(中英文兼有)

TheDifferencebetweenChineseandWesternWineCulture01020405Outlinethedifferenceoforigin（起源）thedifferenceofingredient（原料）06thedifferenceofkinds（种类）0307thedifferenceofetiquettethedifferenceofpurposestheinfluencingfactorsthedifferenceofwineset(酒具)1.thedifferenceoforigin（起源）OriginofChinesewine:OneoftheoriginisaboutYiDi（仪狄）.Accordingtoancientannals,YiDiwasorderdebyYutheGreattoproducemellowwinefromfermentedglutinousrice.TheconcoctiontastedgoodandYiDiwasconfidenthewouldreceiveareward.Besides,therearemanydifferentlegendsabouttheoriginofthewineinChina.Forexample,DuKangmakeswine.SomeonethinkthatDuKang(杜康)madegreatcontributionstothegaoliangwinebrewingmethodsandhewashonoredasthewineoriginatorandJiuShengbyChinese.Dionysus(狄俄尼索斯),Greekgodofwineandfertility,identifiedwiththeRomangodBacchus.ThesonofZeusandSemele,Dionysuswasrearedbynymphsandtaughtmenthesecretsofcultivatinggrapesandmakingwine.2.thedifferenceofingredient（原料）Chinaisoneofthethreeancientcountriesintheworldandhasthousandsofyearsofhistorytobrewwine.Chinesewinesaretraditionallymadefromgrains,water,liquorstarter(酒曲).Westernwinecanbemadefromgrapes,fruits,berriesetc.3.thedifferenceofkinds（种类）Chinesewinecanbedevidedintothreebasiccategoriesaccoringtothetechniqueinvovledinbrewingprocess.Thethreetypesaredistilledspirits,fermentedwine,andliqueur.Besides,onthebasisofcommercialpractices,theChinesewinecanbeclassifedintowhitewine,yellowricewine,fruit,grapewineandbeer.Chinesewineculturehasalonghistory.Undoubtedlythericewine(黄酒)istheoldest.ButthemostrepresentativeofChinesewineisthewhitewine(白酒).Becausethewhitewineisthehighestproduceddistilledwine(蒸馏酒).黄酒白酒黄酒severalfamousbrandsofChinesewineMaotaiFive-GrainliquorLuzhouLiquorGujingTributeWineWesternWine:TheGreek,cradleofWesterncivilization,whichsoilisrelativelypoor,andisnotsuitableforcereals（谷物）tobegrown.Butthegrapecanbegrowngood,sotheyusegrapetomakewine.Wecanseetheyusewinetocallgrapewine.severalfamousbrandsofWesternwineBrandy(白兰地)Usquebaugh(威士忌)Champagne(香槟)4.thedifferenceofwineset(酒具)AncientChinesewinesetknownforitsbronze,lacquerandporcelain.Alsotherearemanykindoffancywinesetsuchas:夜光杯、倒流壶、鸳鸯转香壶、九龙公道壶、.ButnowmostfamiliesuseWesternwineset.Westernwinesetaremostlymadeofglasssoitiseasyforpeopletodistinguishthegradelevelofwine.Westernersfocusonusingdifferentwinesettodrinkdifferentwine.5.thedifferenceofetiquetteChineseDrinkingEtiquette:TheChinesepeoplecaremoreaboutthepeoplewedrinkwith.ThatisChinesedrinkingetiquettereflectstherespectofthedrinkers.Forexample:Thehostandguestshavetheirownseatandorderoftoast(敬酒顺序).Whentoast,thehostcomefirst,andfirstly,theyshouldtoastthemosthonoredguest.Ofcoursethewinesetmustbefull.Theyoungershouldtoasttheelderanddrinkallofthewinewecallit.先干为敬WesternDrinkingEtiquette:Thedrinkingetiquetteofwestshowtherespectofwine.Todistinguishwineweneedtowatchitscolor,smellitsfragrance,tasteitstaste.(观其色、闻其香、品其味)Theydrinkforenjoying,sosometimestheydrinkthemselves.6.thedifferenceofPurposesChineseDrinkingPurposes:Sincewechinesehavealonghistoryofdrinking,wehavemanypurposesfordrinking.WeddingWorship(祭祀)CeremonyBusiness……IntheeyesoftheChinesepeople，wineisatoolforcommunicationWesternDrinkingPurposes:Drinkinginordertoappreciatewine.Theinfluencingfactors:1.theinfluenceofreligiousbelief2.theinfluenceofvalue佛教(Buddhism)在中国的影响较为广泛,佛教的五条戒律中就有'不饮酒'这一条,很多中国人信奉佛教的教戒，尽可地不饮酒或控制饮酒；再加上中国的酒大多是用粮食酿造的,所以人们对于饮酒持的是一种比较谨慎的态度：认为喝酒只要达到一种微醺之境即可。1.theinfluenceofreligiousbelief西方人的主流宗教是基督教(Christianism)，葡萄酒在(圣经)里多次被提到。耶稣在知道了自己的命运后在最后的晚餐上说：“面包是我的肉，葡萄酒是我的血”。其目的在于要人们记住他是为人类罪而死的。因此，基督教徒视葡萄酒为圣血---耶稣的血液，他们在做弥撒的时侯喝圣血“吃圣体”，视酒为耶稣救世精神的化身，认为人喝了酒就能与上帝的心灵相通，从而得到仁慈上帝的佑护。中国的酒文化典型地体现了集体主义（collectivisim）的价值观念。中国人之间的关系倾向于依靠合作，也就是一种集体主义的紧密社会结构。中国人喝酒讲究气氛，三五成群，呼朋引伴。在喝酒时，中国人常常敬酒、劝酒，遇上喜庆节日的时侯还会有一些活动，比如划拳“行酒令”做游戏等来活跃饮酒气氛。劝酒不仅表现了中国人的热情好客，更与他们的集体主义思维有很大的关系。2.theinfluenceofvalue西方的酒文化则是个人主义(individualism)的体现，一切都以自己为出发点。尽管他们也会有群聚而饮，但他们更注重的是个人对酒的浅尝独酌。西方人强调个人民主自由，从不干涉强迫别人，所以他们在喝酒的时候全凭个人自由自主，不想喝就不喝，想喝多少就喝多少，无需客套。ConclusionChineseandWesternwineculturehaverespectivecharacteristics.OnlybyfollowingthedifferencesofChineseandWesternwineculture,wecanfurtherundstandthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternvalue.Inthecommunicationwiththewesternpeople,wineisusedtoitsfullestpotentialtogetthedesiredresults.ThankYou