第4讲 复合句--定语从句

句法句子分类句型变化遣词造句陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句简单句并列句复合句句子成分主谓一致倒装、强调、省略第4讲Complexsentences----AttributiveClausesStep1Lead-in把我介绍给你的朋友吧！你打算用多少种方式描述我哦？Thisisa(n)_________dog.lovelycleverbrown思考：你会用一个分句去形容修饰画中的小狗吗？thathasbigeges.thatmyfriendAnngavetome.定语从句定语从句概述定语从句(AttributiveClauses）就是可以当形容词使用的从句，因为它在句中用作定语，是用来修饰或描述名词或提供该名词的相关信息的。被定语从句修饰或描述的名词叫做先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后面。Step2Explanation引导定语从句的是什么词？关系词引导词eg.1.WhereIcancatchthebuswhichgoestotheTiananmenSquare?关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as；关系副词:where,when,why2.Theinformationthatlfoundontheinternethelpedmealot.3.Haveyoumetagirlwhoiscarryingabigblackbag?4.I’mlookingforabookwhosecoverisgreen.5.ThemanwhomIcalledgavemesomeinformation.6.ThehotelwhereIlivedwascleanandcomfortable.7.Tellmethetimewhenyoumeteachother.8.You’dbettertellusthereasonwhyyouwerelate.9.Ihavethesamedressasyouweartoday.10.Asisknowntoall,TaiwanisapartofChina.例句中哪些关系词可以互换？thatwhichthat例句中哪些关系词可以省略？试释例句中的关系词在定语从句中的作用。主语宾语主语定语宾语状语状语状语宾语主语1.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别？Step3Think2.在什么情况下,关系代词that和which不能互用，只能用其中之一引导定语从句？3.当先行词为表示人的名词时,that和who都可以用来引导定语从句,两者有区分吗？4.时间或地点名词当先行词时，引导词就一定是when或where吗？5.定语从句中的介词和关系代词的位置关系？6.as引导的是限制性还是非限制性定语从句？7.定语从句与主语从句、同位语从句和强调句型的区别Step4Practice1.PleasecorrectthefollowingAttributiveClause.2.Choosemoreappropriateanswersfromthe5choicesmarkedA,B,C,DandE.3.MakesentenceswithAttributiveClausestoexpressthefollowingmeaning.1.IcoulddosomethingwhatIwanted.2.Anyoneleavestheroomlastshouldremembertolockthedoor.3.Whobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.4.Hesaidthathewoulddoallwhathecouldtohelpus.5.Whichyoucansee,heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.6.Thethiefhandedineverythingwhichhehadstolentothepolice.something(that)whatAnyonewhoWhoeverAnyonewhoWhoeverall(that)whatAsHeisalwaysreadytohelpothers,whichyoucansee.（that）3.Choosethemoreappropriateanswersfromthe5choicesmarkedA,B,C,DandE.1.WeallthinkthatJohnistheonlycandidatewillgetthejob.A.whomB.thatC.whoD.whoever2.WeweretalkingabouttheAmericantouristwemetduringourtriptotheGreatWall.A.\B.whichC.whoseD.whom3.Thevillagemygrandfathergrewupisnotfarfromourtown.A.inwhichB.inthatC.whichD.where4.TheteacherisfromBeijing,theyknowfromhisaccent.A./B.asC.whatD.which5.HaveyoureadourletterofDecember18,wecomplainedaboutthequalityofyourproduct?A.thatB.whereC.asD.inwhich1.他给了我一些非常有益的建议。2.老师问了这位学生一个他不能回答的问题。3.丢车的男子打电话报警。4.我们要帮助那些需要帮助的人。5.我要跟你昨天介绍给我的那个人吃个饭。6.一个不向别人学习的人是不能有多少成就的。7.谢谢你所给予我的一切。8.你最好能在我看得见你的地方写作业。Hegavemesomesuggestionswhich/thatwereveryhelpful.Theteacheraskedthestudentaquestionhecouldn’tanswer.Themanwhosecarwasstolencalledthepolice.Wewillhelpthosepeoplewhoneedit.I’llhaveadinnerwiththemanyouintroducedmeyesterday.Amanwhodoesn'tlearnfromotherscan'tachievemuch.Thankyouforallyou’vegiventome.You’dbetterdoyourhomeworkinaplacewhereIcanseeyou.9.像平常一样，老板一进门就把包和大衣扔到秘书的桌子上。10.他把那份文件丢了，这使得我们前一阵的工作都白做了。11.Thetreebranchwhichwaslyinginthestreetwasahazard(危险)tomotorists.12.Pizzathatissoldbypieceisapopularlunchinmanycitiesandtownsthroughouttheworld.13.Thewomanwhowassittinginfrontofmeatthemoviewaswearingabighat.14.Television,Asisoftensaid,keepsoneinformedaboutcurrentevents,allowsonetofollowthelatestdevelopmentsinscienceandpolities,andoffersanendlessseriesofprogramswhicharebothinstructiveandentertaining.Asisusual,thebossthrewhisbagandcoatonthedeskofthesecretaryashecameintotheoffice.Helostthepaper,whichmadewhatwehaddonenothing.横在街上的树枝对骑摩托车的人非常危险。切成块来卖的比萨饼在全世界各个城镇都是非常受欢迎的午餐。看电影时坐在我前面的那位女士戴着一个大阔沿帽。人们常说，电视可以让人掌握时事，紧跟科学与政治的最新发展，并且可以提供很多既有教育意义又有娱乐功能的节目。定语从句Step5Summary概述分类限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句定义引导词及用法比较定语从句与同位语从句的区分定语从句与主语从句的区分定语从句与强调句的区分难点Step6Assignment1.个性化编写本节所授语法内容2.完成课后练习（Excrcise33A/33B/33C，P380）3.准备下节内容----状语从句问题1：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1.Thecountryhehasjustvisitedistryingtoattractvisitorsfromallovertheworld.2.China,whichisfullofenthusiasm,opensthedoortotheworld.3.Asiswell-knowntoall,toomuchstressisharmfultoyourhealth,限制性定语从句对主句的内容进行限定性阐释说明，是主句不可或缺的一部分，如果去除，会影响主句的意义表达。它紧跟在被它修饰的先行词之后，并且从句和主句之间不需要逗号隔开。可以由任一个关系词引导。非限制性定语从句对主句的内容进行附加性补充说明，如果去除，不会影响主句的意义表达。它既可以修饰先行词（多为专有名词），也可以修饰整个句子，而且从句和主句之间需要逗号隔开。不可以由that引导。试译下面一组句子：(1)Theoldmanhasagrandsonwhojoinedthearmylastyear.(2)Theoldmanhasagrandson,whojoinedthearmylastyear.问题2：that和which的区别在下面5种情形下，只用that引导定语从句。先行词为不定代词（something/somebody,anything/anybody,nothing/nobody,everything/everybody,all,none,few,little,much等）时，必须用关系代词that。如：1.Thisisall(that)I’velearned.2.Iwanttotellyousomething(that)I’veheard.先行词为序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时，必须用关系代词that。如：3.Thefirstthing(that)weshoulddoistocleantheroom.4.Thisisthebestfilm(that)I’veeverseen.先行词由theonly,thevery等词修饰时，必须用关系代词that。如：5.Heistheonlymanthatknowshowtodoit.6.That’stheverybook(that)Iwant.先行词中既有表示人的词，又有表示物的词时，必须用关系代词that。如：7.Hetoldusmanyinterestingthingsandpersons(that）wehadneverheard.8.Wearetalkingabouttheroomandthepersonsthatareinourmemory.当主句是which引导的特殊疑问句时,为避免重复，应用that。9.Whichonethatisonthesecondshelfwillyoutake?在下面2种情形下，只用which引导定语从句。在非限定性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，必须用关系代词which引导定语从句。当介词前置于先行词与关系代词之间时，必须用which引导,应该定语从句，且不能省略。3.Thehotelinwhichwelivediscleanandcomfortable.1.China,whichisfullofenthusiasm,opensthedoortotheworld.2.TheteacherisfromBe