非谓语

非谓语在句中不做谓语的动词tododoingdone谓语动词（主语）非谓语动词（逻辑主语）个性有时态、语态不作谓语共性时间先后、主被动todotobedonetobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendoneWhenmothercamein,Ipretendedtobedoingmyhomework.同时主动todotobedoingIamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitinglong.之前主动todotohavedoneTheticketwassaidtohavebeensoldout.之前被动todotohavebeendonedoingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendoneHearingthemusic,thebabyfellasleep.Havingheardthemusic,theboywasabletosingit.之前主动doinghavingdoneHavingbeenbroughtupinthecountryformanyyears,sheknowshowtogrowvegetables.之前被动doinghavingbeendoneThequestionbeingdiscussedisdifficult.同时被动doingbeingdonedoneGivenenoughtime,wearesuretodoitwell.AllthepeopleinvitedtothemeetingareVIP.被动donetodon.adj.adv.N+V+(N)adj.主谓/系（表/宾）adj.定——状——定adv.todo主、宾、表、定、状、补动名词n.adj.N+V+(N)adj.主谓/系（表/宾）adj.定——状——定adv.动名词主、宾、定、表分词adj.adv.N+V+(N)adj.主谓/系（表/宾）adj.定——状——定adv.分词定、状、表形式成分主语宾语宾补表语定语状语不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√分词√√√√非谓语作状语不定式作状语目的状语“为了”Point1分词动作与句子主语——之后WangHanwasinvitedbytheschooltogivealecturetostudents.Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassengers.结果状语令人意外的结果Point21.onlytodo2.adj.+enoughtodo3.too…todo1.表示意想不到的结果2.足够做…3.太…而不能…Georgereturnedafterthewar,onlytobetoldthathiswifehadlefthim.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.Theroomistoosmalltoholdmanypeople.2分词作状语现在分词过去分词分词动作与逻辑主语——主动分词动作与谓语——（几乎）同时Point1doingTheyworkeddayandnight,sendingsuppliestothefloodareas.Notknowingwhichuniversitytoattend,thegirlaskedherteacherforadvice.分词动作与逻辑主语—被动Point2doneTheteachersstoodthere,surroundedbythestudents.Comparedwithotherjobs,teachingisharderandthepayislower.Point3havingdone分词动作与逻辑主语——主动分词动作与谓语——之前HavinglivedinNewYorkforyears,Iknoweachpartofitverywell.havingbeendonePoint4分词动作与逻辑主语——被动分词动作与谓语——之前Havingbeenignoredforalongtime,theboyfeltboredandwentout.非谓语，主+谓+…主+谓+…，非谓语主，非谓语，+谓+…作状语逻辑主语分词的逻主与句子的主语一致如果不一致？逻辑主动或被动WhenIliedinthebed,myphonehitonmyface.Lyinginthebed,Iwashitbymyphone.Lyinginthebed,myphonehitonmyface.3独立主格Noonetowakemeup,Imightbelateforthefirstclass.Thegreatwriterdiedwithhisworksunfinished.(with)+名词/代词+非谓语，主+谓+…主+谓+…，(with)+名词/代词+非谓语独立主格逻辑主语4固定搭配作状语有些分词或不定式短语作状语其形式的选择不受上下文的影响generallyspeakingjudgingfrom/byconsidering/given…tomakethematterworse一般来说根据……来判断考虑到……更糟的是Consideringhisage,thelittleboydidquitewell.非谓语作定语1不定式作定语后置定语将来的动作Point1Themantoplaythemovieismyfavoriteactor.Thequestiontobediscussedatthemeetingisveryimportant.序数词/最高级/no.all等+名词+todoPoint2Jackwasthebestmantodothejob.Heisalwaysthefirststudenttoarriveattheschool.ability/chance/urge/warning/hope+todoPoint3DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteinEnglish?Ihavenochancetogotravelling.2分词作定语单个分词前置定语现在分词——事物给人的感觉“使人……的”afrighteningstory过去分词——“人感到……的”afrightenedboy及物动词的分词形式为：anexcitingvoiceanexcitedvoiceapuzzlingexpressionapuzzledexpression令人兴奋的声音兴奋的声音令人困惑的表情困惑的表情现在分词——进行；过去分词——完成/不表被动不及物动词boilingwaterboiledwater正在下落的叶子落叶沸腾的水开水fallingleavesfallenleavesTheretiredworkerissweepingthefallenleavesontheroad.动名词作定语用途、功能awalkingstickareadingroomsleepingpills分词短语后置定语doingbeing+donedone及物动词doing被修饰的名词与分词——主动Thegirlsittingbesidemeismycousin.Doyouknowthemantalkingtoher?beingdone被修饰的名词与分词——被动分词与谓语动作——同时Wemustkeepasecretofthethingsbeingdiscussedhere.Thehousesbeingbuiltareforthehomeless.done被修饰的名词与分词——被动、完成HaveyoureadthenovelswrittenbyMoYan?TsinghuaUniversity,foundedin1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.Infact,IoncewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishspeechcompetitionholdinourschool.非谓语——定语todotobedonedoingdonebeingdone非谓语+NN+非谓语作定语非谓语作主语1不定式作主语不定式——具体/将来动作Toleanoutofthewindowisdangerous.常用it作形式主语不定式放句末It+系动词+形容词/名词+todo…Ittakes/took+时间+todo…ItwasdifficultforWangFengtohittheheadlines.Ittookmeonlyfiveminutestofinishthejob.1动名词作主语经常或习惯性动作Watchingrunning-manmakesmehappy.Takingexercisescankeeppeoplehealthy.常用于固定句型:It+系动词+nogood/usedoing…It+系动词+awasteof…doing…Itisnousecryingoversplitmilk.Itisnogoodcomplainingwithouttakingaction.非谓语作宾语1不定式作宾语Point1vt.+todoWeagreedtomeetherebutsofarshehasn'tturnedupyet.Thefamilycannotaffordtobuyanewhouse.形式宾语find/think/believe/consider/make/feel＋it＋adj./n.+todoIthinkiteasytohavedonesomuchinonlyoneday.Hefoundithardtogetonwellwithhisclassmates.2动名词作宾语Point1动词（短语）/介词+doing非谓语作宾补todo——宾补vt.+O+todoSchoolsdon’tallowstudentstoplayphonesoncampus.Thedoctoradvisedmetodrinkmorewater.逻辑主语——句子宾语逻辑关系——主被动doing/done——宾补感官动词see,hear,notice等（以see为例）：a.see+O+do（全过程）Isawhimleaveafewminutesago.b.see+O+doing（同时）Isawthechildrenplayingintheyard.c.see+O+done（被动）I’dliketoseetheplancarriedout.常见使役动词有：have,make,let,get——使，让let+O+do让…做…Don’tletyourchildrenplaywithmatches.Letthehomeworkbedoneimmediately.let+O+bedone让…被做…make+O+do使……做……Mylittlenephewmademetellastory.Thespeakerraisedhisvoicetomakehimselfheard.make+O+done使……被……have+O+doget+O+todoMyroommateshadmyBFtreat/gotmyBFtotreatthem.让……做……have+O+doneget+O+doneI’llhave/getmyphonerepairedtomorrow.使事情被做get+doneMybestfriendgotmarriedlastmonth.Youalwaysspendtoomuchtimegettingchanged.sb./sth.besaid/reported/thoughttodo/tohavedone/tobedone/tohavebeendoneHeissaidtohavegoneabroad.(=Itissaidthathehasgoneabroad.)非谓语作表语某次具体或将来的动作todoYourtasktodayistodothecleaning.Mysuggestionistomakeaplanatonce