东西饮食文化

中西文化差异之饮食1.whatisyourfavoritefood?2.doyouofteneatout?Whyorwhynot?3.describeyoureatinghabits.4.whatdoyouthinkoffastfood?5.what’stheeatingcustominyourhometown?6.CouldyousaysomethingaboutthedifferencebetweeneatingChinesefoodandwestern-stylefood?QuestionsEatingCustominChinaThereisasayinginChina,foodisbetterthanmedicineforhealth.Chinesepeoplecaresforwhattheyeat.Nomatterwhattheirfinancialstatusare,richorpoor,peopleatdifferentlevelstrytoeatgoodfood.Foodplayssuchanimportantroleinpeople'sdailylifeandsocialactivitiesthatthereemergedifferentfoodcustomsforfestivals,religions,weddings,funeralsandforbirthdayparties,etc.Insocialactivities,friendsandrelativesliketogatheraroundtable.Whensomethinghappens,suchassomeonegivingbirthtoababyormovingtoanewhouse,friendsandrelativeswouldgivesomepresents.Asareturn,thehostwouldliketotreatthemtoasumptuousdinner.Peoplealsodobusinessattable.Itisusuallythecasethatabusinessisdonewhilethetwopartiesenjoythedeliciousdishes.1.WhatarethedifferencesinChineseeatinghabitsandwesterneatinghabits?ThemaindifferencebetweenChineseandwesterneatinghabitsisthatunlikethewest,whereeveryonehastheirownplateoffood,inchinathedishesareplacedonthetableandeveryoneshares.2.WhatareChineseeatinghabits?Atypicalmealstartswithsomecolddishes,likeboiledpeanutsandsmashedcucumberwithgarlic.Therearefollowedbythemaincourses,hotmeatandvegetabledishes.Finallysoupisbroughtout,whichisfollowedbythestaplefood,whichisusuallyriceornoodlesorsometimesdumplings.fourmajorregions:thenorthernplains,includingBeijing;thefertileeast,wateredbytheYangtzeRiver;thesouth,famousfortheCantonesecookingoftheGuangdongProvince;andthefecundwestofSzechwanandHunanProvinces.Etiquettes,forEatingWestern-styleFood西餐进餐礼仪Western-stylefoodreferstothefoodordinnercookedaccordingtothecustomsofwesterncountries.Western-stylefoodisoriginatedinEuropeandtheEuropeancookingmethodswereconveyedbyanItalian—MartinPolotoChina.Wheneatingwestern-stylefood,youcantalkwithothersfreelyandlightly.But,whenyoutalkwithothers,don'tchewthefoodinyourmouth.Generallyspeaking,cleanyourlipswithnapkinsbeforetalkingordrinking.Wheneatingwestern-stylefood,youcannotholdtheplatewheneating;cannotstabthefoodwhileeatingthelargepieceoffood.Youshouldcutthefoodintosmallpiecesandthenputthemintoyourmouth.Wheneatingwestern-stylefood,thewayofeatingissimilartothewayofeatingCantonesefood.Thatis—drinksoupfirstandtheneatthedishes.Whendrinkingthesoup,andholdthespoonwithrighthand,thespoonshouldfacetheoutersidetoladleoutthesoup,andthenputitintothemouth.Don'tmakeanysoundwhiledrinkingthesoup.Wheneatingwestern-stylefood,thebonesandthornsshouldnotbeputintothemouthwhenyoumeetthedisheswhichhavethem.Thefoodwhichalreadyeatenintothemouthcannotbespitout.Soyoushouldknowthefoodyoueat.wheneatingwestern-stylefood.Forthefoodwhichyouarenotsosureorthefoodwhichyoudon'tlike,thenyou'dbetternotputthemintoyourmouth.Wheneatingwestern-stylefood,ifyouleavethetablewithoutfinishingthedinner,youshouldputtheknifeandforkcrossedbesidetheplate,lettheedgeoftheknifefacesinside.Ifyouhavefinishedyourmeal,youshouldputtheknifeandforksidebysidetoshowthattheplatecanberemoved.西餐泛指根据西方国家饮食习惯烹制出的菜点。西餐起源于欧洲，最早是由意大利人马丁·波罗将某些欧洲菜肴制作方法传到中国。吃西餐时，桌上你可以和其他人轻松自由地交谈。但是说话时嘴里不要嚼食物，通常说话前或喝酒前都要用餐巾擦一下嘴。吃西餐时，不能端着盘子进餐；吃大块食物时，不能用刀扎着食用，而应将食物切成小块，再送入口中。吃西餐时，跟中国广东菜吃法有点相似，先喝汤后吃菜。喝汤时，右手拿汤勺，勺口朝外舀，舀上后再送入口中，喝汤时不能发出任何声响。TherightwayofholdingforkandknifeThecoursesofawesterndinnerappetizer/starter----soup----maincourse----desert----drink/icecream点菜就餐的典型次序是：找一张桌子坐下——看菜单－—点菜——就餐－—付钱－—离开。英语语言的表达基本上也是依照次顺序。“订餐”在英文中有两种说法，即tobookatable和makeareservation。在英国以及其它很多国家，餐厅一般划分为吸烟区和非吸烟区。一进餐厅，服务员会主动征询客人的意见，然后引领客人前往所选择的区域就餐。在西餐厅就餐，菜单一般由三类不同的菜别组成。thefirstcourse或者starters是指第一道菜，往往是汤、一小碟色拉或其它小吃。第二道菜是主菜，fishandchips是鱼和炸土豆条，它同“roastbeefandYorkshirepudding——牛肉布丁”、“shepherdspie——牧羊人馅饼”一样，都是典型的英国传统菜肴。最后一道是甜食——或冷或热，但都是甜的。西方饮食习惯是先吃咸的，后吃甜的。西餐菜单名目繁多，有时不易读懂。遇到这种情况，可以请服务员解释一下。麻婆豆腐MaPobeancurd四川水饺Sichuanboileddumpling东坡煨肘DongPostewedporkjoint北京烤鸭RoastBeijingDuck宫保鸡丁Gongbaochickencubessharkfinandbird‘snests鱼翅燕窝有关饮料的表达法：beverages饮料soya-beanmilk豆浆syrupofplum酸梅汤tomatojuice番茄汁orangejuice橘子汁coconutmilk椰子汁asparagusjuice芦荟汁grapefruitjuice葡萄柚汁vegetablejuice蔬菜汁gingerale姜汁sarsaparilla沙士softdrink汽水blacktea红茶tealeaves茶叶jasminetea茉莉(香片)teabag茶包lemontea柠檬茶coco-cola(coke)可口可乐